Real-Time Simulation of Real-Time Pricing Demand Response to Meet Wind Variations

Recent changes of paradigm in power systems opened the opportunity to the active participation of new players. The small and medium players gain new opportunities while participating in demand response programs. This paper explores the optimal resources scheduling in two distinct levels. First, the network operator facing large wind power variations makes use of real time pricing to induce consumers to meet wind power variations. Then, at the consumer level, each load is managed according to the consumer preferences. The two-level resources schedule has been implemented in a real-time simulation platform, which uses hardware for consumer’ loads control. The illustrative example includes a situation of large lack of wind power and focuses on a consumer with 18 loads.

Energy Resource Management under the Influence of the Weekend Transition Considering an Intensive use of Electric Vehicles

Energy resource scheduling is becoming increasingly important, as the use of distributed resources is intensified and of massive electric vehicle is envisaged. The present paper proposes a methodology for day-ahead energy resource scheduling for smart grids considering the intensive use of distributed generation and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G). This method considers that the energy resources are managed by a Virtual Power Player (VPP) which established contracts with their owners. It takes into account these contracts, the users' requirements subjected to the VPP, and several discharge price steps. The full AC power flow calculation included in the model takes into account network constraints. The influence of the successive day requirements on the day-ahead optimal solution is discussed and considered in the proposed model. A case study with a 33-bus distribution network and V2G is used to illustrate the good performance of the proposed method.

Análise do comportamento dos aerogeradores em situação de anomalia

Actualmente, a utilização de recursos energéticos renováveis é encarada como vital para se alcançar um desenvolvimento sustentável. Dentro destas, a energia eólica apresenta-se como uma das mais sustentáveis e, por isso, teve uma evolução exponencial nos últimos anos. No entanto, apesar da sua maturidade, esta tecnologia apresenta problemas e desafios. As turbinas eólicas apresentam uma elevada taxa de avarias em alguns componentes, nomeadamente a caixa de engrenagens, o gerador eléctrico e as pás. Os tempos de paragem associados às avarias e à sua reparação provocam grandes prejuízos. De modo a evitar as falhas e a permitir a redução dos custos durante o ciclo de vida das turbinas eólicas, existe a necessidade de optimizar as estratégias de manutenção, de forma a maximizar o retorno do investimento nos parques eólicos. Os aerogeradores mais recentes possuem sistemas de monitorização que permitem monitorizar todos os equipamentos constituintes da máquina, possibilitando um acompanhamento mais próximo do real estado de funcionamento dos equipamentos. A monitorização online permite que se reduza a possibilidade de acontecimento de uma falha grave. Este trabalho de investigação analisa as avarias associadas a um dos equipamentos mais importante das turbinas eólicas, a caixa de engrenagens, tendo sido identificadas as principais grandezas que podem ser utilizadas para a previsão de avarias. Este equipamento é crítico dado que origina um dos maiores tempos de indisponibilidade por falha. O resultado das análises efectuadas ao comportamento da caixa de engrenagens perante uma avaria demonstrou que é possível prevê-las. Esta informação é de extrema importância, pois permite um escalonamento eficiente da manutenção e a adopção das estratégias de reparação mais convenientes.

Resolução do problema de atribuição de salas a exames

Este trabalho pretende resolver o problema das alocações de salas a exames no Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica do Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto. A solução desenvolvida atribui salas a exames respeitando as restrições de capacidade de salas e a restrição de realização dum único exame por sala num determinado período, por forma a minimizar a atribuição de salas e, consequentemente, docentes a exames. Foi criado um modelo matemático, que representa as variáveis relevantes do problema, e realiza a sua implementação numa plataforma informática amigável para o utilizador. O modelo matemático foi validado comparando as suas soluções com as obtidas através do processo manual. Os resultados do novo método demonstram a sua supremacia relativamente ao modelo atual. No futuro, poderá ser estudada a possibilidade de usar esta ferramenta na resolução do mesmo problema em realidades diferentes da do Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica do ISEP.

Logic-based schedulability analysis for compositional hard real-time embedded systems

Over the past decades several approaches for schedulability analysis have been proposed for both uni-processor and multi-processor real-time systems. Although different techniques are employed, very little has been put forward in using formal specifications, with the consequent possibility for mis-interpretations or ambiguities in the problem statement. Using a logic based approach to schedulability analysis in the design of hard real-time systems eases the synthesis of correct-by-construction procedures for both static and dynamic verification processes. In this paper we propose a novel approach to schedulability analysis based on a timed temporal logic with time durations. Our approach subsumes classical methods for uni-processor scheduling analysis over compositional resource models by providing the developer with counter-examples, and by ruling out schedules that cause unsafe violations on the system. We also provide an example showing the effectiveness of our proposal.

Mode-Controlled Data-Flow Modeling of Real-Time Memory Controllers

Accepted in 13th IEEE Symposium on Embedded Systems for Real-Time Multimedia (ESTIMedia 2015), Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Response Time Analysis of Slotted WiDOM in Noisy Wireless Channels

International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA 2015), Industrial Communication Technologies and Systems, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.

Distributed Linear Precoding and User Selection in Coordinated Multicell Systems

In this manuscript we tackle the problem of semidistributed user selection with distributed linear precoding for sum rate maximization in multiuser multicell systems. A set of adjacent base stations (BS) form a cluster in order to perform coordinated transmission to cell-edge users, and coordination is carried out through a central processing unit (CU). However, the message exchange between BSs and the CU is limited to scheduling control signaling and no user data or channel state information (CSI) exchange is allowed. In the considered multicell coordinated approach, each BS has its own set of cell-edge users and transmits only to one intended user while interference to non-intended users at other BSs is suppressed by signal steering (precoding). We use two distributed linear precoding schemes, Distributed Zero Forcing (DZF) and Distributed Virtual Signalto-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (DVSINR). Considering multiple users per cell and the backhaul limitations, the BSs rely on local CSI to solve the user selection problem. First we investigate how the signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) regime and the number of antennas at the BSs impact the effective channel gain (the magnitude of the channels after precoding) and its relationship with multiuser diversity. Considering that user selection must be based on the type of implemented precoding, we develop metrics of compatibility (estimations of the effective channel gains) that can be computed from local CSI at each BS and reported to the CU for scheduling decisions. Based on such metrics, we design user selection algorithms that can find a set of users that potentially maximizes the sum rate. Numerical results show the effectiveness of the proposed metrics and algorithms for different configurations of users and antennas at the base stations.

System Level Simulation and Radio Resource Management for Distributed Antenna Systems with Cognitive Radio and Multi-Cell Cooperation

4th International Conference on Future Generation Communication Technologies (FGCT 2015), Luton, United Kingdom.

Analysis of self-interference within DAG tasks

6th Real-Time Scheduling Open Problems Seminar (RTSOPS 2015), Lund, Sweden.

Partitioning the Network-on-Chip to Enable Virtualization on Many-Core Processors

6th International Real-Time Scheduling Open Problems Seminar (RTSOPS 2015), Lund, Sweden.

Online Admission of Parallel Real-Time Tasks

6th Real-Time Scheduling Open Problems Seminar (RTSOPS 2015), Lund, Sweden.

Holistic Analysis for Fork-Join Distributed Tasks supported by the FTT-SE Protocol

11th IEEE World Conference on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS 2015). 27 to 29, May, 2015, TII-SS-2: Scheduling and Performance Analysis. Palma de Mallorca, Spain.

Generalized Extraction of Real-Time Parameters for Homogeneous Synchronous Dataflow Graphs

23rd Euromicro International Conference on Parallel, Distributed, and Network-Based Processing (PDP 2015). 4 to 6, Mar, 2015. Turku, Finland.

A module for the FTT-SE protocol in ns-3

Demo in Workshop on ns-3 (WNS3 2015). 13 to 14, May, 2015. Castelldefels, Spain.