The influence of sour taste and cold temperature in pharyngeal transit duration in patients with stroke

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Cold Renal Ischemia: Comparison of Efficacy Between Two Techniques of Cooling, in a Swine Model

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Effect of mangiferin on the development of periodontal disease: Involvement of lipoxin A(4), anti-chemotaxic action in leukocyte rolling

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Performance comparisons of the kicking of stationary and rolling balls in a futsal context

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Seasonal changes in daily metabolic patterns of tegu lizards (Tupinambis merianae) placed in the cold (17 degrees C) and dark

Oxygen consumption rate was measured continuously in young tegu lizards Tupinambis merianae exposed to 4 d at 25 degrees C followed by 7-10 d at 17 degrees C in constant dark at five different times of the year. Under these conditions, circadian rhythms in the rate of oxygen consumption persisted for anywhere from 1 d to the entire 2 wk in different individuals in all seasons except the winter. We also saw a progressive decline in standard oxygen consumption rate (at highly variable rates in different individuals) to a very low rate that was seasonally independent (ranging from 19.1 +/- 6.2 to 27.7 +/- 0.2 mL kg(-1) h(-1) across seasons). Although this degree of reduction appeared to take longer to invoke when starting from higher metabolic rates, tegu lizards reduced their metabolism to the low rates seen in winter dormancy at all times of the year when given sufficient time in the cold and dark. In the spring and summer, tegus reduced their standard metabolic rate (SMR) by 80%-90% over the experimental run, but only roughly 20%-30% of the total fall was due to the reduction in temperature; 70%-80% of the total fall occurred at constant temperature. By autumn, when the starting SMR on the first night at 25 degrees C was already reduced by 59%-81% (early and late autumn, respectively) from peak summer values, virtually all of the fall (63%-83%) in metabolism was due to the reduction in temperature. This suggests that the temperature-independent reduction of metabolism was already in place by autumn before the tegus had entered winter dormancy.

Developmental changes in cold tolerance and ability to autoresuscitate from hypothermic respiratory arrest are not linked in rats and hamsters

In adult mammals, severe hypothermia leads to respiratory and cardiac arrest, followed by death. Neonatal rats and hamsters can survive much lower body temperatures and, upon artificial rewarming, spontaneously recover from respiratory arrest (autoresuscitate), typically suffering no long-term effects. To determine developmental and species differences in cold tolerance (defined here as the temperature of respiratory arrest) and its relation to the ability to autoresuscitate, we cooled neonatal and juvenile Sprague-Dawley rats and Syrian hamsters until respiration ceased, followed by rewarming. Ventilation and heartbeat were continuously monitored. In rats, cold tolerance did not change throughout development, however the ability to autoresuscitate from hypothermic respiratory arrest did (lost between postnatal days, P, 14 and 20), suggesting that the mechanisms for maintaining breathing at low temperatures was retained throughout development while those initiating breathing on rewarming were altered. Hamsters, however, showed increased cold tolerance until P26-28 and were able to autoresuscitate into adulthood (provided the heart kept beating throughout respiratory arrest). Also, hamsters were more cold tolerant than rats. We saw no evidence of gasping to initiate breathing following respiratory arrest, contributing to the hypothesis that hypothermic respiratory arrest does not lead to anoxia. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Relic abundance of mass-varying cold dark matter particles

In models of coupled dark energy and dark matter the mass of the dark matter particle depends on the cosmological evolution of the dark energy field. In this Letter we exemplify in a simple model the effects of this mass variation on the relic abundance of cold dark matter. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Cold-atom systems and the scaling limit

With perspective to applications of cold-atom systems, some aspects of few-body physics at very low energies will be reviewed. By exploring the possibilities of varying the two-body interaction via the Feshbach resonance mechanism, some recent results are reported for condensed systems in optical lattices.

Rolling technique for treatment of left displacement of the large colon in horses: 11 cases (2004-2009)

Durante o período de 2004 a 2009, 11 animais foram tratados para o deslocamento à esquerda do cólon maior, por meio da técnica de rolamento sob anestesia geral, com uma técnica distinta das demais previamente descritas. A seleção dos casos foi baseada nos achados da palpação retal e confirmada ultrassonograficamente. Nove animais foram tratados com sucesso e dois foram submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico após três tentativas de rolamento. Não foram observadas complicações decorrentes do procedimento a curto e a longo prazos. Somente um animal apresentou recidiva do quadro clínico 10 meses após o tratamento e foi novamente submetido ao rolamento. Apesar da diferença com relação às outras técnicas, esta também se mostrou eficaz. O rolamento, mesmo quando realizado mais de uma vez, mostrou ser um procedimento seguro, porém enfatiza-se a necessidade de cuidados especiais aos animais após a sua realização, pois medidas emergenciais podem ser necessárias caso complicações decorrentes desta técnica ocorram.

How do cold water biota arrive in a tropical bay near Rio de Janeiro, Brazil?

Previous ecological studies on foraminifera and ostracoda from the tropical Sepetiba Bay, located in the southern part of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, have noted the presence in this area of some cool water taxons typical of the Argentine continental platform. These studies have proposed that parcels of these temperate waters with their associated biological indicators are advected northward along the platform, penetrating into some tropical entrances of the southeast coast of Brazil. In the present study, ecological data (foraminifera, ostracoda and microbivalves), are used together with information obtained by satellite tracked drifting buoys and digital thermal imagery obtained from NOAA satellites to indicate the path taken by these high latitude species along the southern Brazilian coast to arrive in the Sepetiba Bay, near the city of Rio de Janeiro. Our general conclusion is that biotic elements native to the colder, less saline marine waters seen to the south of Brazil have been and are being advected northward along the inner part of the continental platform to about 22 degrees S. Water parcels containing this biota may, in a sporadic fashion, enter into the tropical Sepetiba Bay. The passage of meteorological fronts through the region is considered to be an important if not the principal mechanism for the sporadic entry of the cool water into the Southern Coastal Entrance of the State of Rio de Janeiro. (C) 1998 Elsevier B.V.s Ltd. All rights reserved.

Joint rolling-horizon scheduling of materials processing and lot-sizing with sequence-dependent setups

A lot sizing and scheduling problem from a foundry is considered in which key materials are produced and then transformed into many products on a single machine. A mixed integer programming (MIP) model is developed, taking into account sequence-dependent setup costs and times, and then adapted for rolling horizon use. A relax-and-fix (RF) solution heuristic is proposed and computationally tested against a high-performance MIP solver. Three variants of local search are also developed to improve the RF method and tested. Finally the solutions are compared with those currently practiced at the foundry.

Reversible intermittent flow-injection determination of mercury in sediments and vinasses by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry

A reversible intermittent pow-injection procedure is proposed for the automated determination of mercury in sediments and vinasses by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry, CVAAS. Solutions of sample and stannous chloride are carried by two air streams and sequentially injected into the generator/separator chamber in a segmented asynchronous merging zone configuration. The intermittent flow in the forward direction carries the mercury vapor through the flow cell, and in the backward direction, if aspirates the the remaining solution from the vessel to waste. We investigated composition and concentration of reagents, pow rates, commutation times, reactor configuration, and conditions for mercury release. The accuracy was checked by mercury determination in a certified sediment and spiked vinasses and river waters. The system handles about 100 samples per hour (0.50-5.00 mu g L-1), consuming ca. 2.5 mL of sample and 50 mg of SnCl2 per determination; Good recoveries (92-103%) were obtained with spiked samples. Results are precise (RSD <3% for 2.5 mu g Hg L-1, n = 12) and in agreement with values for certified reference material at 95% confidence level. (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.