Characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility of an acid-etched titanium surface

The aims of this study were to characterize the microstructure of a commercially pure titanium (cpTi) surface etched with HCl/H 2SO 4 (AE-cpTi) and to investigate its in vitro cytocompatibility compared to turned cpTi (T-cpTi). T-cpTi showed a grooved surface and AE-cpTi revealed a surface characterized by the presence of micropits. Surface parameters indicated that the AE-cpTi surface is more isotropic and present a greater area compared to T-cpTi. The oxide film thickness was similar between both surfaces; however, AE-cpTi presented more Ti and O and less C. Osteoblastic cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, and bone-like nodule formation were greater on T-cpTi than on AE-cpTi. These results show that acid etching treatment produced a surface with different topographical and chemical features compared to the turned one, and such surface modification affected negatively the in vitro cytocompatibility of cpTi as demonstrated by decreasing culture growth and expression of osteoblastic phenotype.

Blood cells attachment after root conditioning and PRP application: An in vitro study

Aim: Root conditioning is aimed at smear layer removal and at dental matrix collagen exposure, which may promote periodontal regeneration. This in vitro study assessed smear layer removal, collagen fiber exposure and the influence of PRP (platelet-rich plasma) application on adhesion of blood cells to the root surface using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Materials and methods: Scaled root samples (n = 160) were set in five groups and conditioned with: group I - control group (saline solution); group II (EDTA 24%); group III (citric acid 25%); group IV (tetracycline hydrochloride 50 mg/ml); group V (sodium citrate 30%). Eighty samples were assessed using the root surface modification index (RSMI). The other eighty samples were set in two groups. The first group (n = 40) received PRP gel application with a soft brush and the second group (n = 40) received PRP application and then a blood drop. The fibrin clot formation was assessed in the first group and the blood cells adhesion was assessed in the second group using the BEAI (blood elements adhesion index). A previously trained, calibrated, and blind examiner evaluated photomicrographs. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis's and Dunn's tests. Results: Group III attained the best results for RSMI and BEAI. Moreover, it was the only group showing fibrin clot formation. Conclusion: Citric acid was the most efficient conditioner for smear layer removal, collagen fiber exposure and blood cell adhesion. Moreover, it was the only group showing fibrin clot formation after PRP application. Clinical significance: This study demonstrated that root conditioning followed by PRP application may favor blood cell adhesion on root surface which may optimize periodontal healing.

Paracoccidoides brasiliensis 30 kDa Adhesin: Identification as a 14-3-3 Protein, Cloning and Subcellular Localization in Infection Models

Paracoccidoides brasiliensis adhesion to lung epithelial cells is considered an essential event for the establishment of infection and different proteins participate in this process. One of these proteins is a 30 kDa adhesin, pI 4.9 that was described as a laminin ligand in previous studies, and it was more highly expressed in more virulent P. brasiliensis isolates. This protein may contribute to the virulence of this important fungal pathogen. Using Edman degradation and mass spectrometry analysis, this 30 kDa adhesin was identified as a 14-3-3 protein. These proteins are a conserved group of small acidic proteins involved in a variety of processes in eukaryotic organisms. However, the exact function of these proteins in some processes remains unknown. Thus, the goal of the present study was to characterize the role of this protein during the interaction between the fungus and its host. To achieve this goal, we cloned, expressed the 14-3-3 protein in a heterologous system and determined its subcellular localization in in vitro and in vivo infection models. Immunocytochemical analysis revealed the ubiquitous distribution of this protein in the yeast form of P. brasiliensis, with some concentration in the cytoplasm. Additionally, this 14-3-3 protein was also present in P. brasiliensis cells at the sites of infection in C57BL/6 mice intratracheally infected with P. brasiliensis yeast cells for 72 h (acute infections) and 30 days (chronic infection). An apparent increase in the levels of the 14-3-3 protein in the cell wall of the fungus was also noted during the interaction between P. brasiliensis and A549 cells, suggesting that this protein may be involved in host-parasite interactions, since inhibition assays with the protein and this antibody decreased P. brasiliensis adhesion to A549 epithelial cells. Our data may lead to a better understanding of P. brasiliensis interactions with host tissues and paracoccidioidomycosis pathogenesis. © 2013 Silva et al.

Photodynamic inactivation of biofilm: Taking a lightly colored approach to stubborn infection

Microbial biofilms are responsible for a variety of microbial infections in different parts of the body, such as urinary tract infections, catheter infections, middle-ear infections, gingivitis, caries, periodontitis, orthopedic implants, and so on. The microbial biofilm cells have properties and gene expression patterns distinct from planktonic cells, including phenotypic variations in enzymic activity, cell wall composition and surface structure, which increase the resistance to antibiotics and other antimicrobial treatments. There is consequently an urgent need for new approaches to attack biofilm-associated microorganisms, and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) may be a promising candidate. aPDT involves the combination of a nontoxic dye and low-intensity visible light which, in the presence of oxygen, produces cytotoxic reactive oxygen species. It has been demonstrated that many biofilms are susceptible to aPDT, particularly in dental disease. This review will focus on aspects of aPDT that are designed to increase efficiency against biofilms modalities to enhance penetration of photosensitizer into biofilm, and a combination of aPDT with biofilm-disrupting agents. © 2013 Informa UK Ltd.

Desenvolvimento de nanopartículas de quitosana para potencial administração nasal da DISBa-01, uma desintegrina recombinante do veneno da serpente Rhinocerophis alternatus

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Influência do cobre no padrão de expressão de genes envolvidos na interação de Paracoccidioides brasiliensis com a matriz extracelular

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Diferenciação de osteoblastos cultivados sobre superfícies de titânio modificados por irradiação com laser Yb: YAG pulsado de alta potencia

Pós-graduação em Reabilitação Oral - FOAR

Estudo in vitro da interação de titânio irradiado por feixe de laser Yb:YAG com e sem recobrimento de apatitas, empregando-se cultura de células estaminais humanas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Identificação de genes diferencialmente expressos em câncer de laringe

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Padrão histológico, perfil imunoistoquímico e potencial pré-maligno das lesões diaplásicas da próstata canina

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Osteogênese in vitro em amostras de titânio com diferente porosidades

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Contribuição ao estudo da patogenia de uma genodermatose mecanobolhosa em búfalos Murrah

Pós-graduação em Patologia - FMB

Biocompatibilidade in vitro em amostras densas e porosas de titânio-35nióbio submetidas a tratamento biomimético

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação da atividade antinociceptiva e anti-inflamatória de Mikania lindleyana DC: validação do uso na medicina popular

Mikania lindleyana (Asteraceae), popularmente conhecida como sucuriju, é uma espécie nativa da região amazônica, cujo chá das folhas é a principal forma de uso popular para tratamento de gastrite, infecção, dor e inflamação. Para validar a forma e a alegação de uso decidiu-se avaliar a toxicidade aguda e as atividades antinociceptiva e anti-inflamatória do extrato bruto aquoso liofilizado de Mikania lindleyana devidamente identificada (EAML), bem como investigar sua composição química. Na análise fitoquímica do EAML detectou-se a presença de saponinas, proteínas, aminoácidos, fenóis, taninos, ácidos orgânicos e flavonoides. Por cromatografia em camada delgada (CCD) foram observadas zonas de fluorescência azul características de ácido o-cumárico. Por cromatografia liquida acoplada à espectrometria de massa (CLAE-DAD-EM) foram encontrados compostos altamente glicosilados. O EAML na dose de 5000mg/kg não provocou morte nos animais. No teste de contorções abdominais, o EAML (nas doses 125, 250, 500, 750, 1000 e 1500mg/kg) promoveu redução no número de contorções de maneira significante e dose-dependente. A dose efetiva mediana (DE₅₀) de 692,6 mg/kg não prolongou o tempo de latência sobre a placa quente. No teste de formalina, o EAML reduziu o tempo no qual os animais permaneceram lambendo a pata injetada com formalina nas duas fases sendo este efeito revertido pelo antagonista opioide naloxona. A dose de 692,6 mg/kg inibiu a formação de eritema, mas não o edema provocado por dextrana. A mesma dose inibiu a formação do edema por carragenina a partir da 2ª hora e reduziu a migração de neutrófilos para a cavidade peritonial. Estes resultados sugerem que o EAML, nas doses utilizadas, apresenta atividade antinociceptiva na qual pode haver a participação do sistema opioide e, apresenta atividade anti-inflamatória que pode ser atribuída à ação sobre mediadores inflamatórios, como PGs, e, ainda sobre moléculas de adesão, cuja participação de citocinas pode ser crucial.

Efeito da implantação iônica por imersão em plasmas sobre a bioatividade de titânio

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)