Evolutionary impact assessment: accounting for evolutionary consequences of fishing in an ecosystem approach to fisheries management

Managing fisheries resources to maintain healthy ecosystems is one of the main goals of the ecosystem approach to fisheries (EAF). While a number of international treaties call for the implementation of EAF, there are still gaps in the underlying methodology. One aspect that has received substantial scientific attention recently is fisheries-induced evolution (FIE). Increasing evidence indicates that intensive fishing has the potential to exert strong directional selection on life-history traits, behaviour, physiology, and morphology of exploited fish. Of particular concern is that reversing evolutionary responses to fishing can be much more difficult than reversing demographic or phenotypically plastic responses. Furthermore, like climate change, multiple agents cause FIE, with effects accumulating over time. Consequently, FIE may alter the utility derived from fish stocks, which in turn can modify the monetary value living aquatic resources provide to society. Quantifying and predicting the evolutionary effects of fishing is therefore important for both ecological and economic reasons. An important reason this is not happening is the lack of an appropriate assessment framework. We therefore describe the evolutionary impact assessment (EvoIA) as a structured approach for assessing the evolutionary consequences of fishing and evaluating the predicted evolutionary outcomes of alternative management options. EvoIA can contribute to EAF by clarifying how evolution may alter stock properties and ecological relations, support the precautionary approach to fisheries management by addressing a previously overlooked source of uncertainty and risk, and thus contribute to sustainable fisheries.

Histoire du dix-neuvième siècle depuis les traités de Vienne. Tome 4 / G. G. Gervinus,... ; traduit de l'allemand par J.-F. Minssen,...

Collection : Collection d'historiens contemporains

Histoire du dix-neuvième siècle depuis les traités de Vienne. Tome 11 / G. G. Gervinus,... ; traduit de l'allemand par J.-F. Minssen,...

Collection : Collection d'historiens contemporains

Histoire du dix-neuvième siècle depuis les traités de Vienne. Tome 12 / G. G. Gervinus,... ; traduit de l'allemand par J.-F. Minssen,...

Collection : Collection d'historiens contemporains

Histoire du dix-neuvième siècle depuis les traités de Vienne. Tome 19 / G. G. Gervinus,... ; traduit de l'allemand par J.-F. Minssen,...

Collection : Collection d'historiens contemporains

Histoire du dix-neuvième siècle depuis les traités de Vienne. Tome 17 / G. G. Gervinus,... ; traduit de l'allemand par J.-F. Minssen,...

Collection : Collection d'historiens contemporains

Histoire du dix-neuvième siècle depuis les traités de Vienne. Tome 1 / G. G. Gervinus,... ; traduit de l'allemand par J.-F. Minssen,...

Collection : Collection d'historiens contemporains

Personality traits and virtual reality performance.

BACKGROUND: Surgeons' personalities have been described as different from those of the general population, but this was based on small descriptive studies limited by the choice of evaluation instrument. Furthermore, although the importance of the human factor in team performance has been recognized, the effect of personality traits on technical performance is unknown. This study aimed to compare surgical residents' personality traits with those of the general population and to evaluate whether an association exists between their personality traits and technical performance using a virtual reality (VR) laparoscopy simulator. METHODS: In this study, 95 participants (54 residents with basic, 29 with intermediate laparoscopic experience, and 12 students) underwent personality assessment using the NEO-Five Factor Inventory and performed five VR tasks of the Lap Mentor? basic tasks module. The residents' personality traits were compared with those of the general population, and the association between VR performance and personality traits was investigated. RESULTS: Surgical residents showed personality traits different from those of the general population, demonstrating lower neuroticism, higher extraversion and conscientiousness, and male residents showed greater openness. In the multivariable analysis, adjusted for gender and surgical experience, none of the personality traits was found to be an independent predictor of technical performance. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical residents present distinct personality traits that differ from those of the general population. These traits were not found to be associated with technical performance in a virtual environment. The traits may, however, play an important role in team performance, which in turn is highly relevant for optimal surgical performance.

Histoire du dix-neuvième siècle depuis les traités de Vienne. Tome 7 / G. G. Gervinus,... ; traduit de l'allemand par J.-F. Minssen,...

Collection : Collection d'historiens contemporains

Histoire du dix-neuvième siècle depuis les traités de Vienne. Tome 9 / G. G. Gervinus,... ; traduit de l'allemand par J.-F. Minssen,...

Collection : Collection d'historiens contemporains

Histoire du dix-neuvième siècle depuis les traités de Vienne. Tome 2 / G. G. Gervinus,... ; traduit de l'allemand par J.-F. Minssen,...

Collection : Collection d'historiens contemporains

Histoire du dix-neuvième siècle depuis les traités de Vienne. Tome 8 / G. G. Gervinus,... ; traduit de l'allemand par J.-F. Minssen,...

Collection : Collection d'historiens contemporains

Histoire du dix-neuvième siècle depuis les traités de Vienne. Tome 10 / G. G. Gervinus,... ; traduit de l'allemand par J.-F. Minssen,...

Collection : Collection d'historiens contemporains

Histoire du dix-neuvième siècle depuis les traités de Vienne. Tome 5 / G. G. Gervinus,... ; traduit de l'allemand par J.-F. Minssen,...

Collection : Collection d'historiens contemporains

Histoire du dix-neuvième siècle depuis les traités de Vienne. Tome 22 / G. G. Gervinus,... ; traduit de l'allemand par J.-F. Minssen,...

Collection : Collection d'historiens contemporains