Práticas agroecológicas para o cultivo do gergelim (Sesamum indicum L.)

The exceeded use of the natural resources required by the modern agriculture has been caused soil impoverishment, soil salinization and soil compaction. The unreasonable use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides causes chemical imbalances in the plant tissues, nutritional losses, taste chances and human health problems. The monocrops are more vulnerable to the pest and disease attacks. The aim of this work were to indicate the better relative planting time of the cowpea bean for the sesame/cowpea bean intercropping based on the evaluation of agronomic, economic, ecological and physiological parameters and to evaluate the viability of the cow urine and cassava wastewater use as alternative fertilizers on the sesame cultivation. In a field essay, when the sesame/cowpea bean was evaluate, the mainly treatments were the single planting of the two cultures and the multiple cropping, with the cowpea bean being planted on the same time, 7, 14 and 21 days after the sesame. The mainly treatments of the second essay were the combined doses of the cow urine (0 and 50 ml) and cassava wastewater (0, 500 and 1000 mL). In the intercrop evaluation significant differences were found between the treatments for the most of the parameters. It was verified that as the sowing of the cowpea bean was retarded in relation to the sesame sowing, the sesame performance increased when the cowpea bean performance decreased. The treatment 7 days balanced the competition relations that occurred between the two crops in the intercrop. The sesame presented little pronounced responses to the different doses of cassava wastewater. The cow urine affected the sesame growth and the growth rates increased with the increasing of the application of the product. The responses of the sesame growth to the cow urine application must be related both the nutritional richness of the product and the presence of growth stimulating substances. The obtained results indicated that in the sesame/cowpea bean intercropping, when the sesame is planted 7 days after the sesame, there is a higher possibility of the net gains to the farmer. Cow urine and cassava wastewater may be used as additional organic fertilizers

Alterações nas propriedades físicas de substratos para cultivo de tomate cereja, em função de sua reutilização

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as alterações nas propriedades físicas de substratos em função de sua reutilização para o cultivo do tomateiro do grupo cereja, cultivar Sindy. O delineamento experimental adotado foi em parcelas subdivididas com os sete substratos (nas parcelas) e três épocas de caracterização física dos substratos (nas subparcelas). As parcelas foram agrupadas em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os sete substratos resultaram da combinação de diferentes proporções volumétricas de três componentes: areia, bagaço de cana-de-açúcar e casca de amendoim. As propriedades físicas dos substratos avaliadas foram submetidas à análise de variância, sendo as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. A reutilização do substrato composto por partes iguais dos três componentes promoveu aumento da densidade seca e do volume de água facilmente disponível, e redução da porosidade total, do espaço de aeração e do volume de água remanescente.

Influência das épocas de cultivo e do estabelecimento do consórcio na produção de tomate e alface consorciados

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Aspectos técnicos e econômicos da poda e do controle químico de Brevipalpus phoenicis no manejo da leprose dos citros

The objective of this study was to evaluate different citrus leprosis management tactics during seven seasons, based in pruning and acaricide applications, considering technical and economic aspects of each tactic. The trial was conducted from October 2003 to August 2010 in an orange plantation of Pera cv. located in the municipality of Reginópolis-SP, Brazil. The plants of citrus used were12 years old and grafted onto Cleopatra tangerine. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, in a factorial scheme, made up of factors type of pruning (A), with six levels: (1) drastic pruning, (2) intermediate pruning without leprosis lesions, (3) intermediate pruning with leprosis lesions (4) light pruning, (5) without pruning and (6) replant; acaricide applications factor (B), with three levels: (1) without acaricides applications, (2) with lime sulfur applications and (3) spirodiclofen or cyhexatin applied in rotation; pruning factor to remove leprosis symptomatic branches (C), with two levels: (1) with pruning for removal, (2) without removal pruning. The combination of factors, with respective levels (6 x 3 x 2), resulted in 36 treatments that were repeated four times, with each parcel being made up of three plants in a row. After seven years, it was observed that the types of the pruning and remove of leprosis symptomatic branches used as single management tactic, is not sufficient to leprosis control. Therefore, the results demonstrated that for leprosis management, it is essential the association between tactics, especially the control mite vector. For ensuring the citrus production economically, the use of acaricides highly efficient is essential in B. phoenicis control. The recommendation of the type of pruning should be in function of the leprosis incidence and severity in the orchard. In orchards with low leprosis incidence and severity the light pruning is more appropriate, because it is efficient and ensures greater financial balance. However, in orchards with high leprosis incidence and severity it is indicated the severe pruning for reducing or eliminating inoculum source. Between the severe prunings, the intermediate pruning with leprosis lesions is the most relevant, because the financial return will be faster. Replant is indicated only for young orchards, because does not imply in changes onto cultural practices.

Informe del Seminario-Taller sobre Aspectos Ambientales y Económicos de la Gestión de Residuos Industriales

Contiene la asistencia, organizacion de los trabajos y resumen de los debates sobre los problemas ambientales y el desarrollo industrial; problemas asociados a la generacion de residuos en diversas experiencias nacionales; la politica ambiental en relacion a la gestion de residuos; el sector industrial, la localizacion y el desarrollo tecnologico en la gestion de los residuos.

Comparações produtiva, econômica e energética de sistemas convencional, orgânico e biodinâmico de cultivo de batata-doce (Ipomoea batatas)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

As usinas hidrelétricas e seus impactos: os aspectos socioambientais e econômicos do reassentamento rural de Rosana-Euclides da Cunha Paulista

Pós-graduação em Geografia - FCT

Indicadores de sustentabilidade do cultivo de tilápias-do-nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) em tanques-rede em reservatório tropical

Pós-graduação em Aquicultura - FCAV

Sistemas de manejo em colheita e cultivo associados à adubação nitrogenada da cana-de-açúcar: aspectos qualiquantitativos da produção

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Incorporação da telessaúde no sistema público de saúde do estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil: aspectos políticos, técnicos, clínicos, epidemiológicos e econômicos

Incluye bibliografía.

Fortalecimiento de la cadena de valor de tomate y chile verde dulce en El Salvador

Por el alto nivel de demanda y la baja participación de los productores salvadoreños, el mercado del tomate y el chile verde dulce ofrece numerosas oportunidades para su explotación en el país. La producción de estos cultivos es susceptible de gestar una mayor rentabilidad económica que los granos tradicionales, al tiempo que se abrirían ventanas de oportunidad para una diversificación productiva en beneficio de los estratos de la población rural más desfavorecida. En la actualidad, la demanda interna de tomate y chile verde dulce en El Salvador se cubre principalmente mediante la importación. Si se aumentara la productividad y la competitividad de los productores salvadoreños, además de crear oportunidades de desarrollo para el mundo rural, se brindarían espacios para revertir el déficit comercial del país en ambos cultivos.

Aspectos técnicos e econômicos da poda e do controle químico no manejo da leprose dos citros

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Análise termoeconômica da produção de biodiesel: aspectos técnicos, econômicos e ecológicos

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Análise experimental da reforma a vapor de etanol: aspectos técnicos, econômicos e ecológicos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)