A survey of mealybugs infesting South-Brazilian wine vineyards

ABSTRACTMealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) are important pests of the grapevine Vitis spp. and are responsible for direct and indirect damage to production. The main mealybug species present in wine grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) in Southern Brazil were identified and their incidence evaluated. Bunch-samples (n = 50) from 131 vineyards located in the Serra Gaúcha Region (RS) of Brazil were analyzed at harvest, and the occurrence of mealybugs in the roots was evaluated at the time of eradication of plants for replanting. Mealybugs were reared in laboratory until adulthood for species determination. The species Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell, 1983), Dysmicoccus sp., Planococcus citri (Risso, 1813), Pl. minor(Maskell, 1897), Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret, 1875) and Pseudococcus sp. were identified in bunches. Dysmicoccus sp., D. umbambae Granara de Willink, 2009, Pl. citri and Pseudococcus sp. were found in the roots. Pl. citri (31.4%) and Dysmicoccus sp. (22.7%) were the most common species found in wine grape bunches in the Serra Gaúcha Region.

A survey of necrophagous blowflies (Diptera: Oestroidea) in the Amazonas-Negro interfluvial region (Brazilian Amazon)

ABSTRACT The fauna of blowflies (Calliphoridae and Mesembrinellidae) in three localities of primary Amazon forest coverage in the Amazonas-Negro interfluvial region was assessed. A total of 5066 blowflies were collected, with Chloroprocta idiodea being the most abundant species (66.3%). A difference in species richness between the localities ZF2 and Novo Airão was observed. Comparison among sampled sites revealed no considerable variation in fauna composition, except for the species Eumesembrinella benoisti (Séguy 1925) and Hemilucilia sp., whose occurrence was observed only in a single locality. Apparently, Amazon rivers are not efficient geographical barriers to influence the current composition of necrophagous blowfly assemblages. Also, most of the blowfly species did not show a noticeable specificity for any specific forest among the interfluvial areas of the ombrophilous forest. Finally, an updated checklist of necrophagous blowfly species of the Amazonas state in Brazil is presented.

O papel das Ongs no processo de empoderamento económico e político das mulheres de São Vicente - o caso de Morabi

O termo empoderamento começou a ser empregado nas décadas de 60 e 70, com os movimentos sociais, e de seguida passou a ser praticado pelas ONG´s. Pelo que, gradualmente foi-se juntando a conceitos como capital social e capacidades, passando o empoderamento mais tarde a ser um tema de debate no campo ideológico de desenvolvimento. Por conseguinte, nas últimas décadas vem ganhando relevância académica e social e tem observado um crescente uso do conceito de empoderamento nas mais diferentes áreas como: educação; saúde pública; psicologia; sociologia administração; economia e política. Ressalta, ainda que o debate sobre o tema do empoderamento de mulheres surgiu da crítica feminista às propostas neoliberais para atingir um desenvolvimento imparcial e sustentável e, consequentemente deu-se lugar ao aparecimento de programas de empoderamento que estão agora sendo implementados por governos, ONG´s, agências internacionais de desenvolvimento, etc. Assim, entender a questão do poder e em especial do poder nas relações de género, bem como sua a importância no processo de incorporação das mulheres e a necessidade de redistribuição do poder passou a estar na agenda dos governos e das organizações da sociedade civil. Em Cabo Verde, verifica-se mesmo que fosse de uma forma partidária e empírica que o processo de empoderamento das Mulheres, começou desde após a independência através de um grupo de mulheres que de uma forma direta ou indireta tiveram participação na luta de independência de Cabo Verde e que mais tarde veio a fundar a Organização das Mulheres de Cabo Verde. Esse processo é prosseguido pelo Governo e pelas organizações da sociedade civil, nomeadamente as ONG´s e as associações comunitárias. Embora haja pouca informação sobre como diferentes mulheres vivenciam o processo de empoderamento. Nesta monografia o processo de empoderamento é apresentado a partir de dimensões da vida social, nomeadamente psicológica ou individual, que proporciona a emancipação das mulheres e estrutural ou política que promove e viabiliza o engajamento e a participação social na perspetiva da cidadania, abordando a questão de poder e género e no campo económico e político.

2006 Vineyard Survey Summary, 2006

Survey Methodology: The Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship (IDALS) Bureau of Horticulture provided USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) Iowa Field office with a complete list of apple and grape growers expected to be in operation. These operations were mailed a questionnaire and a telephone follow-up of non-respondents was conducted. The survey data was edited for reasonableness, and then summarized using statistical software. There were 236 operators who reported they did own, lease or operate a grape vineyard in 2006. The same operators reported 538 acres of grapes.

2006 Winery Survey Summary, 2006

Survey Purpose: The purpose of the survey was to measure the grape consumption, production, and expected needs by cultivar. Survey Methodology: The Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship (IDALS) Bureau of Horticulture provided USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) Iowa Field office with a complete list of wineries expected to be in operation. The wineries were mailed a questionnaire and a telephone follow-up of non-respondents was conducted. The survey had an 87 percent response rate. The survey data was edited for reasonableness, and then summarized using statistical software.

[Archives de la Parole]. , The [Parable of] the Prodigal son : in Khariā / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; Voix parlée

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Chotā Nāgpur]

[Archives de la Parole]. , Parable of the prodigal son in Parjé [i.e. parji], from Bastar (C.P) [i.e. Central Provinces] : dravidien, Linguistic survey of India, [Sir George] Grierson / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; [Bhima Parjā], voix

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Madhya Pradesh. Chhattisgarh]

[Archives de la Parole]. , Parable of the prodigal son : in Kodaku, from Surguja / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; [Jūthan Koḍākū], voix

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Madhya Pradesh. Chhattisgarh]

[Archives de la Parole]. , Parable of the prodigal son : in Hō / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; Voix parlée

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Chotā Nāgpur]

[Archives de la Parole]. , Parable of the prodigal son : in mixed Baghelkhandi (C.P.) [i.e. Central Provinces], from Murwara / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; [Rai Bahadur Hiralal], voix

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Madhya Pradesh. Baghelkhand]

[Archives de la Parole]. , Parable of the prodigal son : in Santali / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; Voix parlée

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Chotā Nāgpur]

[Archives de la Parole]. , Parable of the prodigal son : in telugu, from Chanda (C.P.) [i.e. Central Provinces] / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; [Gangadhar], voix

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Madhya Pradesh. Maharashtra]

[Archives de la Parole]. , Parable of the prodigal son : in Kurukh - Dravidien - Linguistic survey of India / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; Voix parlée, homme

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Chotā Nāgpur]

[Archives de la Parole]. , Parable of the prodigal son in Chhattīsgaṛhī Hindī / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; [Mr. Ramanand, B.A., LL.B], voix

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Madhya Pradesh. Chhattisgarh]

[Archives de la Parole]. , Parable of the prodigal son : in Gondi, from Bastar (C.P) [i.e. Central Provinces] - Dravidien - Ling[uistic] survey of India / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; [Kesrī Gond], voix

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Madhya Pradesh. Chhattisgarh]