Gays demonstrate for new civil rights bill in Sheridan Square

General note: Title and date provided by Bettye Lane.

AIDS benefit at Madison Square Garden press conference with Mayor Ed Koch (left), David Diaz, and Mel Rosen

General note: Title provided by Bettye Lane

AIDS benefit at Madison Square Garden, Ring Master Denny McGuire applauds the support of AIDS research with Patti LuPone

General note: Title provided by Bettye Lane

AIDS benefit press conference at Madison Square Garden, Ted Weiss, NY City Council presents a $500 check to Mel Rosen

General note: Title provided by Bettye Lane

Gays demonstrate at FBI building in Foley Square

General note: Title and date provided by Bettye Lane.

John Wojtowicz (with mustache) at "Cruising" film rally in Sheridan Square with a friend

General note: Title and date provided by Bettye Lane.

"Cruising" film demonstration and rally in Sheridan Square

General note: Title and date provided by Bettye Lane.

Anti-violence against women protest in Sheridan Square, NYC

General note: Title and date provided by Bettye Lane.

Anti "Cruising" Rally in Sheridan Square

General note: Title and date provided by Bettye Lane.

Anti-war protesters demonstrate against Nixon policy at Washington Square Park

General note: Title and date provided by Bettye Lane.

Intro 2 march for civil rights in Sheridan Square

General note: Title and date provided by Bettye Lane.

Abingdon Square playground

Inscriptions: Verso: [stamped] Photograph by Freda Leinwand. [463 West Street, Studio 229G, New York, NY 10014].

Sex industry Times Square area, New York City

Inscriptions: Verso: [stamped] Credit must be given to Leinwand from Monkmeyer Press Photo Service].

Collective excitability, synchronization, and array-enhanced coherence resonance in a population of lasers with a saturable absorber

In this article we present a numerical study of the collective dynamics in a population of coupled semiconductor lasers with a saturable absorber, operating in the excitable regime under the action of additive noise. We demonstrate that temporal and intensity synchronization takes place in a broad region of the parameter space and for various array sizes. The synchronization is robust and occurs even for a set of nonidentical coupled lasers. The cooperative nature of the system results in a self-organization process which enhances the coherence of the single element of the population too and can have broad impact for detection purposes, for building all-optical simulators of neural networks and in the field of photonics-based computation.

Numerical Simulations for the Design of Novel Integrated Parallel Reception, Excitation, and Shimming (iPRES) Coil Arrays

Magnetic field inhomogeneity results in image artifacts including signal loss, image blurring and distortions, leading to decreased diagnostic accuracy. Conventional multi-coil (MC) shimming method employs both RF coils and shimming coils, whose mutual interference induces a tradeoff between RF signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio and shimming performance. To address this issue, RF coils were integrated with direct-current (DC) shim coils to shim field inhomogeneity while concurrently emitting and receiving RF signal without being blocked by the shim coils. The currents applied to the new coils, termed iPRES (integrated parallel reception, excitation and shimming), were optimized in the numerical simulation to improve the shimming performance. The objectives of this work is to offer a guideline for designing the optimal iPRES coil arrays to shim the abdomen.

In this thesis work, the main field () inhomogeneity was evaluated by root mean square error (RMSE). To investigate the shimming abilities of iPRES coil arrays, a set of the human abdomen MRI data was collected for the numerical simulations. Thereafter, different simplified iPRES(N) coil arrays were numerically modeled, including a 1-channel iPRES coil and 8-channel iPRES coil arrays. For 8-channel iPRES coil arrays, each RF coil was split into smaller DC loops in the x, y and z direction to provide extra shimming freedom. Additionally, the number of DC loops in a RF coil was increased from 1 to 5 to find the optimal divisions in z direction. Furthermore, switches were numerically implemented into iPRES coils to reduce the number of power supplies while still providing similar shimming performance with equivalent iPRES coil arrays.

The optimizations demonstrate that the shimming ability of an iPRES coil array increases with number of DC loops per RF coil. Furthermore, the z direction divisions tend to be more effective in reducing field inhomogeneity than the x and y divisions. Moreover, the shimming performance of an iPRES coil array gradually reach to a saturation level when the number of DC loops per RF coil is large enough. Finally, when switches were numerically implemented in the iPRES(4) coil array, the number of power supplies can be reduced from 32 to 8 while keeping the shimming performance similar to iPRES(3) and better than iPRES(1). This thesis work offers a guidance for the designs of iPRES coil arrays.