Distinct cis-elements in the Asparagus officinalis asparagine synthetase promoter respond to carbohydrate and senescence signals

The Asparagus officinalis L. asparagine (Asn) synthetase (AS) promoter was analysed for elements responding to carbohydrate and senescence signals. Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana L. plants containing deletion constructs of the –1958 bp AS promoter linked to the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene (AS::GUS) were analysed by measuring GUS specific activity. Inclusion of sucrose (Suc), glucose (Glc) or fructose (Fru) in plant media repressed levels of GUS activity in –1958AS::GUS plants, regardless of the light environment, with increases in GUS found 1 d after incubation on Suc-lacking media. Hexokinase is likely to be involved in the signal pathway, as Suc, Glc, Fru, 2-deoxy-d-glucose and mannose were more effective repressors than 3-O-methylglucose, and the hexokinase inhibitor mannoheptulose reduced repression. Plants containing AS::GUS constructs with deletions that reduced the promoter to less than –405 bp did not show low sugar induction. AS::GUS activity was significantly higher in excised leaves induced to senesce by dark storage for 24 h, compared to fresh leaves, for lines containing at least –640 bp of the AS promoter but not those with –523 bp or smaller promoter fragments. Fusion of the –640 to –523 bp region to a –381AS::GUS construct generated a promoter that retained senescence induction but lacked low sugar induction. Alignment of this region to the 33-bp senescence-related sequence of the Arabidopsis and Brassica napus L. SAG12 promoters identified the sequence TTGCACG as being conserved in all the promoters, and which may be an important senescence-responsive element.

RELIGIÃO E SERTÃO: A VIDA, A PALAVRA E O SAGRADO COMO VEREDAS DE LEITURA TEOLÓGICOLITERÁRIA PARA A OBRA DE JOÃO GUIMARÃES ROSA

A presente tese, de título: Religião e Sertão, é uma tentativa de ler, a partir do viés do diálogo entre religião, teologia e literatura, e do método da correspondência de Antonio Carlos de Melo Magalhães, a obra do literato mineiro João Guimarães Rosa. Para tanto, a tese segue por meio de três grandes correspondências encontradas não só na obra rosiana como também, de forma comum e constante, em quase todas as pesquisas que seguem a interface teologia e literatura: palavra, vida e sagrado. Vida como processo de existência a travessia do homem humana, palavra como meio de manifestação dessa existência e sagrado como forma de explicação para essa existência. Desse modo, os quatro capítulos da tese seguem essas correspondências: o primeiro, com uma discussão sobre o próprio diálogo: religião, teologia e literatura, seguido dos outros três, como veredas de leitura: vida, palavra e sagrado.(AU)

O GIZ COR-DE-ROSA E AS QUESTÕES DE GÊNERO: OS DESAFIOS DE PROFESSORES FRENTE À FEMINIZAÇÃO DO MAGISTÉRIO

Historicamente, em nosso contexto educacional, a atuação de docentes na Educação Infantil (EI) e nas Séries Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental (SIEF) sempre esteve relacionada a um predomínio feminino, porém, muito recentemente, é possível observar um movimento de entrada de alunos do sexo masculino nos cursos de Pedagogia e, consequentemente, em salas de aula na EI e SIEF. Nesse contexto, a presente pesquisa investigou os desafios enfrentados por esses sujeitos que se inserem em um universo predominantemente feminino, buscando desvelar se há indícios de preconceito ou mesmo de estigma, relacionados às questões de gênero. Para tanto, contou com sujeitos homens na graduação em Pedagogia, professores homens na Educação Infantil e nas Séries Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, atuantes no estado de SP, na capital e cidades do entorno. Com uma breve revisão bibliográfica sobre o conceito de gênero e suas relações e, também, acerca da feminização do magistério, a pesquisa objetivou compreender e problematizar os significados entre as relações de gênero dos locais nos quais se inserem os sujeitos pesquisados. De maneira específica, a investigação buscou responder às seguintes indagações relacionadas aos alunos de pedagogia e aos professores: Por que a escolha pelo curso de Pedagogia? Por que estudar/atuar em um campo predominantemente feminino, podendo, assim, sofrer preconceito? Ser homem nesse campo muda o significado da formação e atuação? Para responder a essas inquietações, a dissertação foi composta por metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa, com a aplicação de questionário para elaboração de perfil, além de entrevistas gravadas com um roteiro previamente estruturado. Foram entrevistados 22 sujeitos: 10 (5 homens e 5 mulheres) são alunos e alunas de cursos de Pedagogia e 12 (6 homens e 6 mulheres) são professores e professoras em escolas de EI e SIEF. As análises realizadas apontam que, de um modo geral, a entrada dos homens na pedagogia e a sua reinserção no exercício docente nesses segmentos da educação provocam reações de preconceito e estigma. Ao constatar isso, nossa indagação ficou em torno de buscar como essas reações ocorrem para com os sujeitos entrevistados, discutindo as relações de gênero, e masculinidade em ambientes feminizados. Através dessas discussões, trouxemos uma pequena contribuição para a área acadêmica, no que diz respeito à masculinidade e docência.

EFEITOS DOS ÓLEOS ESSENCIAIS DE ALECRIM (Rosmarinus officinalis) E PETITGRAIN (Citrus aurantium L.) EM MODELOS COMPORTAMENTAIS DE ATIVIDADE MOTORA, DEPRESSÃO, ANSIEDADE E APRENDIZADO EM RATOS

Apesar de várias evidências do potencial terapêutico dos óleos essenciais em diversas patologias, inclusive em transtornos mentais, os estudos científicos que comprovam esse potencial ainda são escassos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar e comparar de forma sistemática os efeitos dos óleos essenciais de alecrim (Rosmarinus officinalis) e petitgrain (Citrus aurantium L.) em modelos animais com ratos nos seguintes parâmetros: atividade motora, depressão, ansiedade e aprendizado. Método: foram utilizados 297 ratos em todo o estudo, sendo: 54 no piloto 1; 66 no piloto 2; 36 no campo aberto; 36 na esquiva discriminativa; 36 no teste de enterrar esferas; 33 na natação forçada e 36 no experimento de aprendizagem. Os principais resultados revelaram que: ratos tratados com 100mg/kg (i.p.) de óleo essencial de alecrim não apresentaram diferença na atividade motora avaliada em campo aberto (p=0.213 teste de Mann-Whitney), tampouco na aprendizagem da resposta de pressão à barra em caixa de Skinner (p=0.098 teste de Mann-Whitney), comparados aos ratos controles que receberam salina 0,9% (1 mL/kg), porém esse mesmo tratamento foi efetivo em modelos de depressão (p=0.006 teste de Mann-Whitney) e ansiedade (teste de esconder esferas - p=0.003 ANOVA). No que diz respeito ao óleo essencial de petitgrain administrado em ratos na dose de 30mg/kg (i.p.), não observou-se diferença na atividade motora (p=0.795 teste de Mann-Whitney), contudo obteve-se efeito ansiolítico (teste de esconder esferas - p=0.028 ANOVA) e antidepressivo (p=0.001 teste de Mann-Whitney) em relação ao controle. Ademais, o óleo de petitgrain proporcionou uma melhora na aprendizagem (p=0.002 teste de Mann-Whitney) se comparado com os animais do grupo controle e os animais tratados com alecrim. Dessa forma podemos concluir que ambos os óleos estudados (alecrim e petitgrain) apresentaram atividades ansiolítica e antidepressiva nos testes realizados e apenas o óleo de petitgrain produziu efeitos na aprendizagem dos animais.

Erythrocyte antioxidant protection of rose hips (Rosa spp.)

Rose hips are popular in health promoting products as the fruits contain high content of bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was to investigate whether health benefits are attributable to ascorbic acid, phenols, or other rose-hip-derived compounds. Freeze-dried powder of rose hips was preextracted with metaphosphoric acid and the sample was then sequentially eluted on a C18 column. The degree of amelioration of oxidative damage was determined in an erythrocyte in vitro bioassay by comparing the effects of a reducing agent on erythrocytes alone or on erythrocytes pretreated with berry extracts. The maximum protection against oxidative stress, 59.4 ± 4.0% (mean standard deviation), was achieved when incubating the cells with the first eluted meta-phosphoric extract. Removal of ascorbic acid from this extract increased the protection against oxidative stress to 67.9 ± 1.9% . The protection from the 20% and 100% methanol extracts was 20.8 ± 8.2% and 5.0 ± 3.2% , respectively. Antioxidant uptake was confirmed by measurement of catechin by HPLC-ESI-MS in the 20% methanol extract. The fact that all sequentially eluted extracts studied contributed to protective effects on the erythrocytes indicates that rose hips contain a promising level of clinically relevant antioxidant protection. © Copyright 2012 C. Widén et al.

Data compilation on the biological response to ocean acidification: environmental and experimental context of data sets and related literature

The exponential growth of studies on the biological response to ocean acidification over the last few decades has generated a large amount of data. To facilitate data comparison, a data compilation hosted at the data publisher PANGAEA was initiated in 2008 and is updated on a regular basis (doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.149999). By January 2015, a total of 581 data sets (over 4 000 000 data points) from 539 papers had been archived. Here we present the developments of this data compilation five years since its first description by Nisumaa et al. (2010). Most of study sites from which data archived are still in the Northern Hemisphere and the number of archived data from studies from the Southern Hemisphere and polar oceans are still relatively low. Data from 60 studies that investigated the response of a mix of organisms or natural communities were all added after 2010, indicating a welcomed shift from the study of individual organisms to communities and ecosystems. The initial imbalance of considerably more data archived on calcification and primary production than on other processes has improved. There is also a clear tendency towards more data archived from multifactorial studies after 2010. For easier and more effective access to ocean acidification data, the ocean acidification community is strongly encouraged to contribute to the data archiving effort, and help develop standard vocabularies describing the variables and define best practices for archiving ocean acidification data.

Guimarães Rosa: travessia

This study develops a reading of five tales of Guimarães Rosa: “A hora e vez de Augusto Matraga”, “Campo Geral”, “A Benfazeja”, “Esses Lopes” and “Meu tio o Iauaretê”, included, respectively, in Sagarana, Corpo de Baile, Primeiras Estórias, Tutaméia and Estas Estórias. Then, undertakes a brief course in order to observe in the creative genesis of the author a manichean theme, whose view of the world, with poetic intensity, opposes the good and the evil. This research thus has drawn upon the Mythical Symbolism, in Literary Criticism and aspects of Metaphisics, in addition to analyzing classic literary essays in approaching of histories masterpiece structure. It has also demonstrate that in the rosiano hinterland the contradictory contributes to the speculation about the human man, in the continuous learning of his passing

Ser-tão de Buriti: o corpo de noturno rumor (a poética de Guimarães Rosa e o pensamento literário contemporâneo)

This thesis is to analyze the fictional texture of Buriti, novella by Guimarães Rosa, which makes part of Corpo do Baile. Gilles Deleuze‘s philosophical background as well as similar theorists such as Mircea Eliade, Derrida, Bataille, Foucault, Blanchot and Nie-tzsche constitute the main reference, as example of Guimarães Rosa‘s problematizing writing, since they present as basic element of thought the desterritorialization of con-cepts, standards and institutionalized knowledge by the dominant literary language. Along with the theoretical perspective of current alterity on these authors, Buriti is crossed by one aesthetics substantiated with a multiplicity of narrative points of view, opening gaps to other non-sacralized, nomadic voices, using polyphony as a way of breaking and destabilizing crystallized truths related to the canons of mother tongue. Interwoven by a poetic side of transgression, the narrative of Buriti finds especially marked by the signs of the backlands and of the night, which rhizomatically point to a sense of infinity, eternity, loneliness, vertigo before the abyssal, evoking the singularity of a ser-tão before the night, "the body of nocturnal rumor." The nights in the backlands in Buriti give rise to the emergence of a state of subjectivity, the ser-tão, whose nature is shown as a space of communion of the various beings that humans put on the same level of other living beings, setting up a sharing cosmic territory, enjoyment between pain and pleasure, between death and life. It is the night in the darkness, the shadows, the ser-tão is exposed, the being in his depth, facing himself with his internal rumors, which project themselves through the noise, the sound amplified by the vastness of the night at the desert backlands. "The backlands is the night." (ROSA, 1988, p.92).

Ser-tão de Buriti: o corpo de noturno rumor (a poética de Guimarães Rosa e o pensamento literário contemporâneo)

This thesis is to analyze the fictional texture of Buriti, novella by Guimarães Rosa, which makes part of Corpo do Baile. Gilles Deleuze‘s philosophical background as well as similar theorists such as Mircea Eliade, Derrida, Bataille, Foucault, Blanchot and Nie-tzsche constitute the main reference, as example of Guimarães Rosa‘s problematizing writing, since they present as basic element of thought the desterritorialization of con-cepts, standards and institutionalized knowledge by the dominant literary language. Along with the theoretical perspective of current alterity on these authors, Buriti is crossed by one aesthetics substantiated with a multiplicity of narrative points of view, opening gaps to other non-sacralized, nomadic voices, using polyphony as a way of breaking and destabilizing crystallized truths related to the canons of mother tongue. Interwoven by a poetic side of transgression, the narrative of Buriti finds especially marked by the signs of the backlands and of the night, which rhizomatically point to a sense of infinity, eternity, loneliness, vertigo before the abyssal, evoking the singularity of a ser-tão before the night, "the body of nocturnal rumor." The nights in the backlands in Buriti give rise to the emergence of a state of subjectivity, the ser-tão, whose nature is shown as a space of communion of the various beings that humans put on the same level of other living beings, setting up a sharing cosmic territory, enjoyment between pain and pleasure, between death and life. It is the night in the darkness, the shadows, the ser-tão is exposed, the being in his depth, facing himself with his internal rumors, which project themselves through the noise, the sound amplified by the vastness of the night at the desert backlands. "The backlands is the night." (ROSA, 1988, p.92).

Caractérisation moléculaire de la biodiversité des Fusarium associés à la fusariose de l'asperge (Asparagus officinalis L.) au Québec

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Caractérisation moléculaire de la biodiversité des Fusarium associés à la fusariose de l'asperge (Asparagus officinalis L.) au Québec

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.