The privatization of public water utilities

Includes bibliography

Public debt sustainability

Includes bibliography

Productive development in open economies

Includes bibliography

Digital proficiency and digital inclusion: Comparison between students of computer science, public relations and engineering

New information and communication technologies may be useful for providing more in-depth knowledge to students in many ways, whether through online multimedia educational material, or through online debates with colleagues, teachers and other area professionals in a synchronous or asynchronous manner. This paper focuses on participation in online discussion in e-learning courses for promoting learning. Although an important theoretical aspect, an analysis of literature reveals there are few studies evaluating the personal and social aspects of online course users in a quantitative manner. This paper aims to introduce a method for diagnosing inclusion and digital proficiency and other personal aspects of the student through a case study comparing Information System, Public Relations and Engineering students at a public university in Brazil. Statistical analysis and analysis of variances (ANOVA) were used as the methodology for data analysis in order to understand existing relations between the components of the proposed method. The survey methodology was also used, in its online format, as a research instrument. The method is based on using online questionnaires that diagnose digital proficiency and time management, level of extroversion and social skills of the students. According to the sample studied, there is no strong correlation between digital proficiency and individual characteristics tied to the use of time, level of extroversion and social skills of students. The differences in course grades for some components are partly due to subject 'Introduction to Economics' being offered to freshmen in Public Relations, whereas subject 'Economics in Engineering' is offered in the final semesters of Engineering and Information Systems courses. Therefore, the difference could be more tied to the respondent's age than to the course. Information Systems students were observed to be older, with access to computers and Internet at the workplace, compared to the other students who access the Internet more often from home. This paper presents a pilot study aimed at conducting a diagnosis that permits proposing actions for information and communication technology to contribute towards student education. Three levels of digital inclusion are described as a scale to measure whether information technology increases personal performance and professional knowledge and skills. This study may be useful for other readers interested in themes related to education in engineering. © 2013 IEEE.

Caribbean forum: Shaping a sustainable development agenda to address the Caribbean reality in the twenty-first century

Includes bibliography.

The effect of y2k on Western Hemisphere transport systems

This edition of the Bulletin provides a report on the Conference on the Effect of the Year 2000 Problem (Y2K) on Transport Systems in the Western Hemisphere, which was held in Cancún, Mexico, in May 1999. Also included is an analysis of sea transport in South America, prepared and presented by the Uruguayan delegation at the Fifth Ordinary Meeting of the Conference of Ministers of Transport, Communications and Public Works of South America, held in Cochabamba, Bolivia, in April 1999.

Integrated transport systems in Latin America and the Caribbean: converging initiatives

The year 1998 is shaping up to be a year of grand regional initiatives focusing on the setting up of regional integrated transport systems. The past six months have seen intense activity in Latin America and the Caribbean. It would seem that the public and private sectors have agreed to launch converging initiatives, each from its own perspectives. In Central America, a multimodal transport project is already under way, while a new transport master plan put forward by the Permanent Secretariat of the General Treaty on Central American Economic Integration (SIECA) is being prepared; in South America, the Latin American Integration Association (LAIA) and Latin American Railways Association (ALAF) have launched a prefeasability study concerning a plan for the sustainable development of transport; the second Summit of the Americas adopted a plan of action that now takes in the work of the Executive Committee of the Western Hemisphere Transport Initiative; and the private sector also held its regional meeting in São Paulo, Brazil, with Intermodal 98, the fourth in a series. These initiatives are taking shape around similar lines of thought and action; their backgrounds are similar, and they tend towards the same goal: taking action in the immediate environment with a view to expanding linkages with the global economy. The background is the observation that after several years of growth, transport infrastructure, equipment and services appear unable to satisfy the growing demand of international trade in the region. The goal is to implement the requisite reforms in the transport sector so as to meet the challenges posed by global competition. This issue of the Bulletin is devoted to news about recent initiatives and possible future developments.

Technologies applied to the transport sector: electronic fare collection systems

Electronic transactions are becoming increasingly commonplace in the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean, despite the collapse of many dotcom firms and the failure of e-commerce to make inroads in the region. In the transport sphere, the gradual incorporation of technology in support of processes and the exchange of money flows between players has brought greater versatility, security and flexibility. In public transport, such initiatives take the form of automatic ticket machines and prepaid card dispensing machines. In urban transit, electronic purses used for the supervision and payment of parking time, and in road pricing, electronic toll systems streamline the process of collecting money; this is especially the case with motorways and urban concessions. And in shipping, electronic transfers are increasingly being used for the payment of customs dues and port charges.In view of the importance of the topic and the interest expressed in it, the Transport Unit has begun a study of these issues, and recently published a paper entitled Sistemas de cobro electrónico de pasajes en el transporte público, ("Electronic systems for payment of tickets in public transport") LC/L.1752-P/E, July 2002, on which this issue of the Bulletin is based.

Towards a new paradigm for urban public transport: the transmilenio case

The process of urbanization in Latin America presents new challenges for urban transport systems insofar as one of the priorities is to provide proper mobility for the increasing and complex interaction of communities.This edition of the Bulletin, prepared by Irma Chaparro, presents a summary of the recent study entitled Evaluación del impacto socio-económico del transporte urbano en la ciudad de Bogotá. El caso del sistema masivo de transporte, Transmilenio, LC/L 1786-P, October 2002, which considers the socioeconomic impact of the Transmilenio system in Bogotá. This system is part of an integrated transport strategy promoted by the District Authority over the period 1998-2001 and is an avant-garde solution to the difficult problem of transport in the city.

Modernization of Customs and Implementation of Single Window Systems for Foreign Trade: Results of an International Seminar-Workshop

An international seminar-workshop entitled "Facilitation of trade and transport in Latin America: situation and outlook" was held at the headquarters of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) on 29 and 30 November 2005, organized jointly by the ECLAC Division of International Trade and Integration and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). The event was attended by about 50 persons involved in customs modernization and/or the implementation of single window systems for foreign trade in 20 Ibero-American countries.The main purpose of the seminar-workshop was to exchange ideas, opinions and proposals concerning the efficient implementation of trade facilitation instruments. The conclusions reached at this event point to the need to seek convergence among the existing trade agreements associated with trade facilitation in Latin America. Customs modernization requires the re-design of processes and procedures in order to achieve interoperability among the systems, and single window systems for foreign trade can only be implemented successfully if clear political leadership is established with broad participation from both public and private organizations.

eHealth handbook for managers of healthcare services and systems

Prefacio de Alicia Bárcena y Luciano Sáez

A institucionalização dos sistemas municipais de ensino na realidade paraense: obstáculos e possibilidades - o caso do Município de Barcarena

O estudo sobre a Institucionalização dos Sistemas Municipais de Ensino na realidade paraense: obstáculos e dificuldades – o caso do Município de Barcarena teve como principal objetivo investigar os fatores que inviabilizam a constituição do Conselho Municipal de Educação na realidade do Município investigado, visando a identificar se os obstáculos são de caráter financeiro, político ou técnico. Análise documental e entrevistas foram os instrumentos utilizados para alcançar os objetivos explicitados. A coleta e o tratamento dos dados priorizaram análises de leis, decretos, pareceres, regimento, planos de governo, projetos e programas educacionais bem como de entrevistas com sujeitos envolvidos no processo educacional. Os resultados da pesquisa permitem inferir que, para a institucionalização do Sistema de Ensino na realidade de Barcarena, necessário se faz que a gestão municipal se disponha a romper com o caráter de base patrimonial arraigado na prática governamental, pois não há garantia de democratização da gestão somente por meio da criação do Sistema de Ensino, ou de outros elementos que compõem a gestão educacional, sem um processo de construção da gestão pública assentado no coletivo. A demanda imediata requer autonomia municipal para construção de uma política educacional que atenda à realidade municipal; mecanismos que viabilizem a participação da sociedade nas deliberações e nos órgãos de acompanhamento e controle social dos recursos destinados à educação, por meio das diversas categorias representadas; superação da concepção do espaço público como patrimônio privado; e formação de equipe técnica habilitada a realizar os encaminhamentos da educação municipal. A demanda constitui-se num desafio, uma vez que os conflitos, as tensões, as disputas de poder são fortes, o que representa um fator positivo, se entendido como possibilidade de construção da política educacional ancorada na diversidade de opiniões, pois os diferentes segmentos da sociedade civil de Barcarena apresentam interesse na participação, alguns se mobilizando mais ativamente, outros em menor proporção, existindo, porém, a necessidade de que sejam estes reconhecidos como sujeitos sociais e de que a formação teórica, pedagógica e política também seja compreendida como fator fundamental à participação social nas ações de mobilização para organização do Sistema de Ensino, paralelamente ao reconhecimento de que é um direito que precisa consolidar-se.

Proposta de formação em serviço como prática de educação continuada para bibliotecários catalogadores da Rede de Bibliotecas da UNESP

Pós-graduação em Ciência da Informação - FFC

A efetividade do Sistema Interamericano de direitos humanos: análise dos casos brasileiros na Comissão Interamericana de Direitos Humanos

A presente pesquisa dispõe sobre a efetividade do Sistema Interamericano de Direitos Humanos com relação aos casos brasileiros e a situação geral de violação de Direitos Humanos no Brasil. O estudo parte da exposição de uma concepção e fundamentação dos Direitos Humanos, para posteriormente analisar a consolidação de sua proteção internacional com o surgimento dos sistemas de promoção e de garantia dos Direitos Humanos, em âmbito global e regional, destacando em seguida o Sistema Interamericano de Proteção aos Direitos Humanos, em que se faz uma análise dos seus principais órgãos: Corte e Comissão Interamericanas. No estudo sobre a Comissão Interamericana, ao discorrer sobre funcionamento, requisitos para o ingresso e trâmite das petições individuais, apresenta-se os casos brasileiros em curso na Comissão, identificados a partir da análise dos seus relatórios anuais, disponíveis no seu endereço eletrônico. Com isso, traça-se um perfil dos casos enviados á Comissão Interamericana, ressaltando que, em regra, não esgotam os recursos judiciais internos, o que corresponde a um requisito processual para o ingresso de petições individuais. Logo, estas são enviadas com fundamento nas vias excepcionais, mormente a exceção da demora injustificada em tutelar jurisdicionalmente os casos de violações ocorridos no Brasil, o que faz do Sistema Interamericano não um órgão coadjuvante ou complementar. De modo a auferir a efetividade do Sistema Interamericano para a promoção e a garantia dos Direitos Humanos no Brasil, apresenta-se o monitoramento que a Comissão realiza desde 1997, quando estabeleceu ao governo brasileiro suas Recomendações sobre a situação geral de violação de Direitos Humanos, a partir da missão in loco que fez no país em 1995; e com a análise dos casos brasileiros em tramitação na Comissão Interamericana, identifica-se também quais denúncias geraram Recomendações ao Brasil e a relação destas com políticas públicas, inovações e alterações legislativas ocorridas internamente

Sistemas agrícolas e sustentabilidade na microrregião Campo Grande-MS

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)