Effects of annealing ambient on the formation of compensation defects in InP

Positron annihilation lifetime (PAL) and photoinduced current transient spectroscopies (PICTS) have been employed to study the formation of compensation defects in undoped InP under different annealing processes with pure phosphorus (PP) ambience and iron phosphide (IP) ambience, respectively. The different annealing ambiences convert the as-grown n-type undoped InP into two types of semi-insulating (SI) states. The positron average lifetimes of as-grown InP, PP SI-InP, and IP SI-InP are found to be 246, 251, and 243 ps, respectively, which are all longer than the bulk lifetime of 240 ps, indicating the existence of vacancy-type positron-trapping defects. For as-grown InP, VInH4 complexes are the dominant defects. They dissociate into VInHn(0less than or equal tonless than or equal to3) acceptor vacancies under PP ambience annealing, compensating the residual shallow donors and turning the material semi-insulating. In forming IP SI-InP, diffusion of iron into V-In complexes under IP ambience annealing produces the substitutional compensation defect Fe-In, causing a shorter positron average lifetime. The PICTS measurements show that a group of vacancy-type defects has been suppressed by iron diffusion during the annealing process, which is in good agreement with the PAL results. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.

Object-recognition with oblique observation directions based on biomimetic pattern recognition

In this paper, we propose a new scheme for omnidirectional object-recognition in free space. The proposed scheme divides above problem into several onmidirectional object-recognition with different depression angles. An onmidirectional object-recognition system with oblique observation directions based on a new recognition theory-Biomimetic Pattern Recognition (BPR) is discussed in detail. Based on it, we can get the size of training samples in the onmidirectional object-recognition system in free space. Omnidirection ally cognitive tests were done on various kinds of animal models of rather similar shapes. For the total 8400 tests, the correct recognition rate is 99.89%. The rejection rate is 0.11% and on the condition of zero error rates. Experimental results are presented to show that the proposed approach outperforms three types of SVMs with either a three degree polynomial kernel or a radial basis function kernel.

Biomimetic pattern recognition for speaker-independent speech recognition

In speaker-independent speech recognition, the disadvantage of the most diffused technology ( Hidden Markov Models) is not only the need of many more training samples, but also long train time requirement. This paper describes the use of Biomimetic Pattern Recognition (BPR) in recognizing some Mandarin Speech in a speaker-independent manner. The vocabulary of the system consists of 15 Chinese dish's names. Neural networks based on Multi-Weight Neuron (MWN) model are used to train and recognize the speech sounds. Experimental results are presented to show that the system, which can carry out real time recognition of the persons from different provinces speaking common Chinese speech, outperforms HMMs especially in the cases of samples of a finite size.

Fast Discrimination of Commerical Corn Varieties Based on Near Infrared Spectra

The existing methods for the discrimination of varieties of commodity corn seed are unable to process batch data and speed up identification, and very time consuming and costly. The present paper developed a new approach to the fast discrimination of varieties of commodity corn by means of near infrared spectral data. Firstly, the experiment obtained spectral data of 37 varieties of commodity corn seed with the Fourier transform near infrared spectrometer in the wavenurnber range from 4 000 to 12 000 cm (1). Secondly, the original data were pretreated using statistics method of normalization in order to eliminate noise and improve the efficiency of models. Thirdly, a new way based on sample standard deviation was used to select the characteristic spectral regions, and it can search very different wavenumbers among all wavenumbers and reduce the amount of data in part. Fourthly, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to compress spectral data into several variables, and the cumulate reliabilities of the first ten components were more than 99.98%. Finally, according to the first ten components, recognition models were established based on BPR. For every 25 samples in each variety, 15 samples were randomly selected as the training set. The remaining 10 samples of the same variety were used as the first testing set, and all the 900 samples of the other varieties were used as the second testing set. Calculation results showed that the average correctness recognition rate of the 37 varieties of corn seed was 94.3%. Testing results indicate that the discrimination method had higher precision than the discrimination of various kinds of commodity corn seed. In short, it is feasible to discriminate various varieties of commodity corn seed based on near infrared spectroscopy and BPR.

A New Discrimination Method of Maize Seed Varieties Based on Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

A new discrimination method for the maize seed varieties based on the near-infrared spectroscopy was proposed. The reflectance spectra of maize seeds were obtained by a FT-NIR spectrometer (12 000-4 000 cm(-1)). The original spectra data were preprocessed by first derivative method. Then the principal component analysis (PCA) was used to compress the spectra data. The principal components with the cumulate reliabilities more than 80% were used to build the discrimination models. The model was established by Psi-3 neuron based on biomimetic pattern recognition (BPR). Especially, the parameter of the covering index was proposed to assist to discriminating the variety of a seed sample. The authors tested the discrimination capability of the model through four groups of experiments. There were 10, 18, 26 and 34 varieties training the discrimination models in these experiments, respectively. Additionally, another seven maize varieties and nine wheat varieties were used to test the capability of the models to reject the varieties not participating in training the models. Each group of the experiment was repeated three times by selecting different training samples at random. The correct classification rates of the models in the four-group experiments were above 91. 8%. The correct rejection rates for the varieties not participating in training the models all attained above 95%. Furthermore, the performance of the discrimination models did not change obviously when using the different training samples. The results showed that this discrimination method can not only effectively recognize the maize seed varieties, but also reject the varieties not participating in training the model. It may be practical in the discrimination of maize seed varieties.

基于模拟的企业过程模型自动优化技术研究

企业过程模型参数自动优化是一个多参数多目标的系统优化问题.采用线性加权法将其转换成多参数单目标问题的求解,提出基于计算机模拟的企业过程模型参数的自动寻优方法.它将传统的共轭梯度法FR（fletcher reeves）和禁忌搜索算法TS（tabu search）结合起来,采用FR法进行局部寻优,由TS法实现从当前局部最优点向全域范围内的更优区域转移,循环往复达到求出全域范围最优点的目的.改进了FR法与TS法,克服了各自的缺陷,并提出禁忌区域表的概念,从而加速寻优过程.它适用于任意多维曲面的多极值问题最优求解,对企业进行BPR（business process reengineering）和实施ERP（enterprise resource planning）管理有较大的指导意义.

A method of Biomimetic Pattern Recognition for face recognition

A new method of face recognition, based on Biomimetic Pattern Recognition and Multi-Weights Neuron Network, had been proposed. A model for face recognition that is based on Biomimetic Pattern Recognition had been discussed, and a new method of facial feature extraction also had been introduced. The results of experiments with BPR and K-Nearest Neighbor Rules showed that the method based on BPR can eliminate the error recognition of the samples of the types that not be trained, the correct rate is also enhanced.

Biomimetic (topological) pattern recognition - A new model of pattern recognition theory and its application

A new theoretical model of Pattern Recognition principles was proposed, which is based on "matter cognition" instead of "matter classification" in traditional statistical Pattern Recognition. This new model is closer to the function of human being, rather than traditional statistical Pattern Recognition using "optimal separating" as its main principle. So the new model of Pattern Recognition is called the Biomimetic Pattern Recognition (BPR)(1). Its mathematical basis is placed on topological analysis of the sample set in the high dimensional feature space. Therefore, it is also called the Topological Pattern Recognition (TPR). The fundamental idea of this model is based on the fact of the continuity in the feature space of any one of the certain kinds of samples. We experimented with the Biomimetic Pattern Recognition (BPR) by using artificial neural networks, which act through covering the high dimensional geometrical distribution of the sample set in the feature space. Onmidirectionally cognitive tests were done on various kinds of animal and vehicle models of rather similar shapes. For the total 8800 tests, the correct recognition rate is 99.87%. The rejection rate is 0.13% and on the condition of zero error rates, the correct rate of BPR was much better than that of RBF-SVM.

虎杖对植物病原真菌的杀菌活性及有效成分研究

植物源杀菌剂的开发应用以及从植物中寻找杀菌活性物质作为先导化合物，是目前杀菌研究领域的热点之一。本文以蓼科植物虎杖（Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb.et Zucc.) 为材料，研究了虎杖提取物的杀菌活性和作用机理，确定了虎杖中的有效杀菌活性成分，并以此为先导化合物进行了衍生物合成与结构活性关系的研究。 不同溶剂提取物制备与杀菌活性测定结果表明，乙醇适合作为虎杖植物杀菌剂的提取溶剂，提取率高，对多种植物病原真菌具有广谱的杀菌和抑菌活性，除对黄瓜白粉病（Sphaerotheca fuliginea）表现出很好的防治效果外，对苹果腐烂病菌（Valsa mali）、玉米小斑病菌（Helminthosporium maydis）、葡萄炭疽病菌（Colletotrichum gloeosporioides）、小麦赤霉病菌（Fusarium graminearum）、油菜菌核病菌（Sclerotinia sclerotiorum）、水稻纹枯病菌（Rhizoconia solani）等也具有很好的抑制作用。虎杖回流提取物对黄瓜白粉病的杀菌作用以保护作用为主，兼具一定的治疗作用，并且具有一定的内吸活性，持效期约为4-7 d。温室试验结果表明，虎杖乙醇回流提取物10%可溶性液剂对黄瓜白粉病的EC90值为172.83 mg/L，田间小区试验表明该制剂在800-1600 mg/L的浓度下，对黄瓜白粉病的防效达到76.3-93.4%，具有较好的应用前景。 对苹果腐烂病菌的抑菌作用机理表明，虎杖乙醇提取物对该病原菌有明显的抑制作用，能够抑制蛋白质、葡萄糖等菌体细胞内物质的合成，从而使病菌代谢速度减慢，抑制其生长。虎杖提取物还能够使几丁质酶和β-1,3葡聚糖酶这两种细胞壁相关水解酶的活性升高，降解细胞壁而破坏菌体结构，使菌体自溶。 过测定虎杖乙醇回流提取物对黄瓜体内等一些防御酶和病程相关蛋白活性的影响，表明在40 mg/L和400 mg/L浓度下，虎杖乙醇提取物能够使黄瓜叶片内的过氧化物酶（POD）、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、几丁质酶等不同程度的升高，从而在一定程度上提高植物对病原真菌的抗病能力。 通过生物活性跟踪测定以及pH梯度提取法确定了虎杖中的主要杀菌活性成分为蒽醌类化合物大黄素（emodin）和大黄素甲醚（physcion），结构通过了HPLC-MS和1H NMR确认，并且通过HPLC确定了虎杖乙醇回流提取物中二者的含量分别为3.28%和1.11%。 以虎杖中的有效成份之一的大黄素为原料，通过羟基的甲基化反应合成了包括已知物大黄素甲醚在内的11个大黄素衍生物，其中5个化合物为首次报道，并进行了初步结构活性关系研究。结果表明通过对大黄素3-OH位置以短直链烷基取代，其衍生物对黄瓜白粉病的活性大大提高，其中以甲基取代的衍生物大黄素甲醚的活性为母体大黄素的16.7倍，而以取代苄基修饰的衍生物的活性没有明显提高。一些目标化合物的活性明显优于三唑酮。研究中还意外发现大黄素的甲基化衍生物三甲氧基大黄素在4000 mg/L时能够明显抑制甜菜夜蛾幼虫的取食与生长发育，而大黄素和大黄素甲醚则无此作用。

CO2和O3浓度升高对农作物次生代谢和残茬分解的影响

近几年来,近地面CO2、O3浓度快速升高已经对农作物生长发育造成了很大的影响，引起国内外学者的广泛关注。本文以C3作物春小麦辽春17为试材，利用农田开顶式气室（OTCs)研究CO2和O3浓度增加及其交互作用对春小麦不同发育时期生物量、总酚量、黄酮含量及成熟期产量性状的影响，以及对土壤酶活性及土壤中酚酸类物质含量的影响，同时监测了残茬分解过程中C、N的变化，还比较了小麦（C3）和玉米（C4）次生代谢的响应差异，为研究农作物对全球变化的响应与反馈提供了科学依据。结果表明： 1. CO2浓度升高条件下，春小麦生物量和产量性状都显著高于对照； O3浓度升高条件下，显著低于对照；CO2和O3交互作用下各项指标处于二者之间。 2. CO2、O3浓度升高及其交互作用显著增加了春小麦叶片中的总酚含量；其中CO2浓度升高对C3作物的影响比对C4作物大。 在小麦生长前期，各处理总黄酮含量均低于对照；而到成熟期，各处理下黄酮含量都显著高于对照。其中小麦体内PAL酶活性和C/N与酚类化合物含量变化趋势一致。 3. CO2、O3浓度升高对小麦生长初期土壤过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶和多酚氧化酶活性影响不明显，到成熟期O3浓度增加，3种酶活性均显著地高于对照；其中土壤中多酚氧化酶活性升高，和土壤中酚类化合物的积累有关，经相关分析（r=0.625，n=23，p=0.015)，二者存在显著相关关系。 4. 在CO2、O3作用下两种残茬混合物（土和根、土和秸秆) C/N在分解初期急剧下降，随后呈现平缓的下降趋势，但各处理间无显著性差异，说明短期的CO2、O3浓度升高，虽然影响了植物的化学成分组成，但对分解速率影响较小。

高浓度CO2、O3对蒙古栎和华山松次生代谢的影响

本文以蒙古栎和华山松为对象，通过开顶箱法研究了在连续一年高浓度CO2（700 μmol•mol-1）、O3（80 nmol•mol-1）及二者复合处理条件下蒙古栎和华山松的次生代谢动态变化情况，阐明了高浓度CO2、O3对蒙古栎、华山松次生代谢的影响，为研究城市森林对全球变化的响应与反馈，城市森林适宜树种选择提供了重要理论依据。 得出的主要结果如下： 1． 高浓度CO2处理提高了蒙古栎叶片苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）、多酚氧化酶（PPO）两种酶活性且于生长季末期达差异显著，对蒙古栎（过氧化物酶）POD活性无显著影响；对华山松松针中PAL、PPO两种酶活性无显著影响，于生长季末显著提高了华山松POD活性。 2． 高浓度CO2处理增加了蒙古栎叶片中总酚、单宁、类黄酮、木质素和纤维素含量，并于生长季的不同时期达到差异显著，其中木质素和纤维素在生长季初期曾显著减少；显著增加了华山松松针中单宁和纤维素含量、显著减少了总酚和类黄酮含量，对木质素无显著影响。 3． 高浓度O3处理显著提高了蒙古栎叶片PAL、PPO两种酶活性，对蒙古栎POD活性无显著影响；显著提高了华山松松针中PAL和POD（于生长季中期曾显著降低）活性，降低了PPO活性。 4． 高浓度O3处理于生长季初期显著增加了蒙古栎叶片中总酚含量，于生长季末显著减少了类黄酮含量，于生长季初期显著增加末期显著减少了单宁含量，显著增加了木质素和纤维素含量；显著减少了华山松松针中总酚、单宁和类黄酮含量，对木质素含量无显著影响，于生长季初期显著增加后期显著减少纤维素含量。 5． 复合处理于生长季末期显著降低了蒙古栎叶片PAL活性，于生长季中期显著提高了POD活性，于生长季中期显著降低了华山松松针中PPO和POD活性。 6． 复合处理显著增加了蒙古栎叶片总酚和木质素含量，先显著增加后显著减少了单宁含量，先显著减少后显著增加了纤维素含量；先显著减少后显著增加了华山松松针中总酚、单宁和木质素含量，先显著增加后显著减少了纤维素含量，显著减少了类黄酮含量。 7． 使用DPPH法对蒙古栎叶片醇提物进行了总抗氧化能力的测定，结果表明高浓度CO2和O3及其复合处理均显著提高了蒙古栎总的抗氧化能力，但是不同处理分别于生长季的不同阶段达到差异显著水平。

UV-B辐射和CO2浓度倍增对树木幼苗次生代谢的影响

为了揭示UV-B辐射（11.66KJ／m2.d）和CO2浓度倍增复合作用对树木幼苗次生代谢产物变化规律及其对生长发育的影响，在室外用开顶箱，对白桦、红皮云杉和红松幼苗进行了模拟研究。结果表明，三种幼苗针叶片酚类含量增幅和变化趋势均不同。白桦类黄酮含量和305nm吸收值变化不大，红皮云杉和红松后期增加明显。白桦总黄酮和邻苯二酚含量增幅大于红皮云杉和红松。白桦和红松Chl和Car含量呈下降趋势，红皮云杉后期略有增加。白桦休眠侧芽极性小的酚类物质增加明显，根系酚类略有增加，枝条酚类无变化。红松越冬侧芽酚类和邻苯二酚含量增加明显。复合处理使三种幼苗PAL活性增加。酚类物质含量与其清除O-2和OH的能力基本成量效关系。单位多酚清除OH能力，红皮云杉＞红松＞白桦；多酚与蛋白质结合能力，白桦＞红松＞红皮云杉；MDA增幅，红松＞白桦＞红皮云杉。三种幼苗SOD活性后期增加明显。邻苯二酚对Chl、SOD、CAT活性和PSII有破坏作用。白桦酚类物质对SOD和CAT活性有破坏作用。复合处理对高生长抑制的程度白桦大于红松，而对红皮云杉影响不显著，体现UV-B和CO2处理的相互抵消作用。白桦根部生物量增加。红松针叶伸长受到抑制。可见，UV-B和CO2处理诱导的次生产物与幼苗生长发育有关。

固定化红酵母细胞合成L-苯丙氨酸研究

In this paper, bioconversion of trans-cinnamic acid(t-Ca)to L-phenylalanine (L-phe) has been investigated by using immobilized yeast cells with induced L-phe Ammonia-lyase(PAL, EC.4.3.1.5) as biocatalysts. The contents are the following. (1) Thirty strains of yeasts, including two genera (Rhodotorula, Sporobolomyces), six species (R. glutinis R. minuta,R.rubra,R.sineses,R.roseus and S.salmonicolor)were screened for their ability to converse the substrates, t-Ca and ammonia, to the product, L-phe, by using yeast cells as biocatalyst, and primary evaluation for PAL activity of the selected strains was investigated. From the results of the screening experiments, it was found that 22 strains were able to produce L-phe from t-Ca with the range of conversion yield from 2% to 67%. Studies on PAL formation time course during cultivation show that the maximum PAL activity of several different strains ranges from 2.3 to 14.4×10-3U/mg cell dry weight. The biomass of tested strains at their maximum enzyme activity is also greatly varied. (2)One of the selected strains, R. rubra as 2.166, was used for immobilized cells as biocatalysts to produce L-phe. The optimum conversion conditions and effective stablization agents were investigated. The results shown that polyacrylamide gel was chosen as a suitable matrix for immobilization of the yeast cells, and it can retain 88% of the PAL activity in the reverse direction at the following reactive conditions: [t-Ca]: 34mM. [NH4OH]: 6.OM.PH10.00, temperature: 30℃. (3) The effects of various kinds of effectors on the production of L-phe were also examined. Membrane permeabilizing agents can stimulate L-phe synthesis, but make the stability of PAL decline greatly. Polyalchoholic agents and glutamic acid were very effective for the stabilization of PAL. At the presence of glutamic acid (5%), the half life of L-phe productivity with the immobilized cells was extended to 192 hours, which was much higher than most of that having been reproted, while the half life of resting cells was only about 15 hours. (4) Use of initial velocity studies on the kinetics of enzyme-catalized reaction indicated that the apparent Km value was 13.0mM for the immobilized cells, and 4.8mM for the resting cells. Thermostability of the immobilized cells was better than the resting cells. Fluid bed bioreactor is more effective than batch bioreator in prolonging the thermostability of the biocatalysts. (5) CGA- 688 resin column chromatographic procedure was employed in the isolation and purification of L-phe, t-Ca and other substances from the reactire mixture. (6) Preparative-scale production of L-phe on a level of gram amount by immobilized cells from the culture broth of R. rubra AS2.166 allowed for the conversion yield with 30%. The characteristic physico-chemical criteria (including melting point, optical activity, elements analysis, IR, NMR) are the same with the standard L-phe. 本文报告了利用诱导的苯丙氨酸解氨酶 (PAL.EC.4.3.1.5)催化反式肉桂酸(t-Ca)氨加 成制备L-苯丙氨酸(L-phe)的研究，主要内容为：(1) 我们搜集了三十株酵母菌株，利用全细胞转化t-Ca生成L-phe的能力进行了直 接筛选，并对其PAL活性水平进行了初步评估研究。研究结果表明，其中22株酵母具有转化t-Ca生产L-phe的能力，它们包括 Rhodotorula glutinis,R.rubra, R.sineses 和Sporobolomyces roseus 的菌株，转化率在2-67%。细胞生长和PAL形成过程的研究 表明，不同菌株PAL最大活力在2.3-14.4×10-3U/mg 细胞干重，达到最大PAL活性时各株酵母的生长情况也极不一致。(2) 利用筛 选出的一株深红酵母R.rubra AS2.166 作为供试菌株，研究了细胞固定化条件下生物转化的最适条件及PAL在固定化条件下的稳定 性。结果表明以聚丙烯酰胺凝胶包埋法较为理想，能使细胞合成L-phe活力保持88%，最适t-Ca浓度为34mM，最适NH4OH浓度为6M,最 适PH10.0，最适温度45℃。(3) 多种效应物对L-phe 合成的影响研究表明：表面活性剂能刺激L-phe的合成，但使PAL稳定性下降。 多羟基化合物及Glu对PAL的稳定十分有效在有Glu存在下，能使固定化细胞合成L-phe的半寿期达192小时左右，高于大部分现已报 导的固定化结果。(4) 用初速度法研究了深红酵母AS2.166中PAL的酶促反应特征，测得固定化细胞对t-Ca的表观米氏常数Km为 13.0mM，全细胞为4.8mM，细胞固定后热稳定性提高。(5) 建立了适合低浓度分离纯化产物与底物的聚苯乙烯大孔树脂柱层析技术 ，能使L-phe与t-Ca及产物混合物中其它成分有效分开。(6) 利用固定化的R.rubra AS2.166细胞所做的制备实验能够使L-phe的产 率达到30%左右，其主要的理化指标(包括熔点、比旋光度、元素分析、IR、NMR等)与标准L-phe一致。

Micro Insert: A Prototype Full-Ring PET Device for Improving the Image Resolution of a Small-Animal PET Scanner

A full-ring PET insert device should be able to enhance the image resolution of existing small-animal PET scanners. Methods: The device consists of 18 high-resolution PET detectors in a cylindric enclosure. Each detector contains a cerium-doped lutetium oxyorthosilicate array (12 x 12 crystals, 0.72 x 1.51 x 3.75 mm each) coupled to a position-sensitive photomultiplier tube via an optical fiber bundle made of 8 x 16 square multiclad fibers. Signals from the insert detectors are connected to the scanner through the electronics of the disabled first ring of detectors, which permits coincidence detection between the 2 systems. Energy resolution of a detector was measured using a Ge-68 point source, and a calibrated 68Ge point source stepped across the axial field of view (FOV) provided the sensitivity profile of the system. A Na-22 point source imaged at different offsets from the center characterized the in-plane resolution of the insert system. Imaging was then performed with a Derenzo phantom filled with 19.5 MBq of F-18-fluoride and imaged for 2 h; a 24.3-g mouse injected with 129.5 MBq of F-18-fluoride and imaged in 5 bed positions at 3.5 h after injection; and a 22.8-g mouse injected with 14.3 MBq of F-18-FDG and imaged for 2 h with electrocardiogram gating. Results: The energy resolution of a typical detector module at 511 keV is 19.0% +/- 3.1 %. The peak sensitivity of the system is approximately 2.67%. The image resolution of the system ranges from 1.0- to 1.8-mm full width at half maximum near the center of the FOV, depending on the type of coincidence events used for image reconstruction. Derenzo phantom and mouse bone images showed significant improvement in transaxial image resolution using the insert device. Mouse heart images demonstrated the gated imaging capability of the device. Conclusion: We have built a prototype full-ring insert device for a small-animal PET scanner to provide higher-resolution PET images within a reduced imaging FOV. Development of additional correction techniques are needed to achieve quantitative imaging with such an insert.

System size dependence of associated yields in hadron-triggered jets STAR Collaboration

We present results on the system size dependence of high transverse momentum di-hadron correlations at root s(NN) = 200 GeV as measured by STAR at RHIC. Measurements in d + Au, Cu + Cu and Au + Au collisions reveal similar jet-like near-side correlation yields (correlations at small angular separation Delta phi similar to 0, Delta eta similar to 0) for all systems and centralities. Previous measurements have shown Chat the away-side (Delta phi similar to pi) yield is suppressed in heavy-ion collisions. We present measurements of the away-side Suppression as a function of transverse momentum and centrality in Cu + Cu and Au + Au collisions. The suppression is found to be similar in Cu + Cu and An + An collisions at a similar number of participants. The results are compared to theoretical calculations based on the patron quenching model and the modified fragmentation model. The observed differences between data and theory indicate that the correlated yields presented here will further constrain dynamic energy loss models and provide information about the dynamic density profile in heavy-ion collisions. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.