Droga y enseñanza : un estudio de la droga en la etapa de BUP en Salamanca capital.

Estudiar la droga en los alumnos de BUP en la capital de Salamanca, por ser esta etapa en la que tienen lugar los primeros contactos con ella. En este momento la persona comienza a precisar con exactitud de adulto tanto su entorno como así mismo. Se tienen que asentar unos conocimiento precisos y objetivos sobre la realidad de la droga por parte de educadores y padres. Demanda del pedagogo especializado. 381 individuos entre 7.807 alumnos, con margen de confianza del 95,5 por ciento y un error del 5 por ciento en el curso 79-80. 6 colegios privados y 3 institutos. Cursos: primero, segundo y tercero de BUP atendiendo a la distinción de sexos y enseñanza estatal o privada. Variables del estudio : a) Alumnos que sí han tomado droga y alumnos que no, b) Cursos: primero, segundo y tercero de BUP, c) Atendiendo a la distinción de sexos, d) Atendiendo a la distinción: enseñanza estatal o enseñanza privada. Encuestas voluntarias, anónimas y aceptadas por la totalidad de alumnos. Cuestionarios para todos los alumnos. Cálculo de porcentajes. No se puede hablar de drogodependientes. Están en un periodo de iniciación e invitación con alta influencia del grupo. Han tomado drogas el 24,6 por ciento del total. Entre segundo y tercero de BUP la mitad a probado alguna sustancia. La más consumida es el canabis. Los varones toman más que las mujeres. La enseñanza estatal alcanza porcentajes más altos que la privada, a excepción de anfetaminas y alucinógenos. La consiguen por invitación de amigos. En la mujer se da mayor número en la compra de la droga. Evalúan de forma negativa a la sociedad y son inconformistas. Viven con sus padres y valoran a la familia positivamente. Considerando a los padres permisivos. Alta influencia del grupo de compañeros a la hora de tomar drogas. Les preocupa la soledad. Crítica más dura al colegio y a la educación. Sensibilización alta frente a problemas externos. El adolescente siente curiosidad por lo prohibido, que confirma la poca o ninguna efectividad de todo el programa preventivo, basado en lo negativo. Hay que fomentar un plan centrado en lograr un aprendizaje significativo orientado en formar una persona crítica y autónoma frente al entorno, a partir de un aprendizaje por descubrimiento.

Effects of ABCA1 SNPs, including the C-105T novel variant, on serum lipids of Brazilian individuals

Background: ABCA1 plays an important role in HDL metabolism. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ABCA1 gene were associated with variation in plasina HDL-c. Methods: The effect of the ABCA1 SNPs C-14T, R219K and of a novel variant C-105T on serum lipids was investigated in 367 unrelated Brazilian individuals (224 hypercholesterolemic and 143 normolipidemic). The relation between ABCA1 SNPs and the lipid-lowering response to atorvastatin (10 mg/day/4 weeks) was also evaluated in 141 hypercholesterolemic (HC) individuals. The polymorphisms were detected by PCRR_FLP and confirmed by DNA sequencing. Results: Linkage disequilibrium was found between the SNPs C-105T and C-14T in the HC group. HC individuals carrying - 105CT/TT genotypes had higher serum HDL-c and lower triglyceride and VLDL-c concentrations as well as lower TG/HDL-c ratio compared to the -105CC carriers (p<0.05). The R219K SNP was associated with reduced serum triglyceride, VLDL-c and TG/HDL-c ratio in the HC group (p<0.05), and with an increased serum apoAI in NL individuals. The effects of ABCA1 SNPs on basal serum lipids of HC individuals were not modified by atorvastatin treatment. Conclusions: The ABCA1 SNPs R219K and C-105T were associated with a less atherogenic lipid profile but not with the lowering-cholesterol response to atorvastatin in a Brazilian population. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Study of ethanol electro-oxidation in acid environment on Pt(3)Sn/C anode catalysts prepared by a modified polymeric precursor method under controlled synthesis conditions

A carbon-supported binary Pt(3)Sn catalyst has been prepared using a modified polymeric precursor method under controlled synthesis conditions This material was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD). and the results indicate that 23% (of a possible 25%) of Sn is alloyed with Pt, forming a dominant Pt(3)Sn phase. Transmission election microscopy (TEM) shows good dispersion of the electrocatalyst and small particle sizes (3 6 nm +/- 1 nm) The polarization curves for a direct ethanol fuel cell using Pt(3)Sn/C as the anode demonstrated Improved performance compared to that of a PtSn/C E-TEK. especially in the intrinsic resistance-controlled and mass transfer regions. This behavior is probably associated with the Pt(3)Sn phase. The maximum power density for the Pt(3)Sn/C electrocatalyst (58 mW cm(-2)) is nearly twice that of a PtSn/C E-TEK electrocatalyst (33 mW cm(-2)) This behavior is attributed to the presence of a mixed Pt(9)Sn and Pt(3)Sn alloy phase in the commercial catalysts (C) 2009 Elsevier B V All rights reserved

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print no 81; Discontinued stamp JUL 23 1918

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Type 23 Design A Starboard Side; SS Wacouta

Initials Lower Right: ELW (Everett Longley Warner)

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Print No. 69

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Print No. 80; Initials Lower Left: NH; Initials Lower Left: EN; Initials Lower Left: RN

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Print No. 66; Initials Lower Left: NH; Initials Lower Left: EN; Initials Lower Left: RN

Type 11 Design D Starboard Side ; SS Itasca

print no 23 hand written in red pencil

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print no 68; Discontinued stamp JUL 23 1918

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Print No: 78; Discontinued stamp JUL 23 1918

Lifetime difference and CP-violating phase in the B-s(0) system

From an analysis of the decay B-s(0)-> J/psi phi, we obtain the width difference between the light and heavy mass eigenstates Delta Gamma equivalent to(Gamma(L)-Gamma(H))=0.17 +/- 0.09(stat)+/- 0.02(syst) ps(-1) and the CP-violating phase phi(s)=-0.79 +/- 0.56(stat)(-0.01)(+0.14)(syst). Under the hypothesis of no CP violation (phi(s)equivalent to 0), we obtain 1/Gamma=tau/(B-s(0))=1.52 +/- 0.08(stat)(-0.03)(+0.01)(syst) ps and Delta Gamma=0.12(-0.10)(+0.08)(stat)+/- 0.02(syst) ps(-1). The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of about 1.1 fb(-1) accumulated with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. This is the first direct measurement of the CP-violating mixing phase in the B-s(0) system.

Measurement of the ratio of the p(p)over-bar -> W + c-jet cross section to the inclusive p(p)over-bar -> W + jets cross section

We present a measurement of the fraction of inclusive W +jets events produced with net charm quantum number 11, denoted W + c-jet, in p collisions at root s = 1.96 TeV using approximately 1 fb(-1) of data collected by the do detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. We identify the W +jets events via the leptonic W boson decays. Candidate W + c-jet events are selected by requiring a jet containing a muon in association with a reconstructed W boson and exploiting the charge correlation between this muon and W boson decay lepton to perform a nearly model-independent background subtraction. We measure the fraction of W + c-jet events in the inclusive W +jets sample for jet PT > 20 GeV and pseudorapidity |eta| < 2.5 to be 0.074 +/- 0.019(stat.) +/-(0.012)(0.014) (syst.), in agreement with theoretical predictions. The probability that background fluctuations could produce the observed fraction of W + c-jet events is estimated to be 2.5 x 10(-4), which corresponds to a 3.5 sigma statistical significance. Published by Elsevier B.V.