Modelos matemáticos e computacionais em dengue

This work was developed starting the study of traditionals mathematical models that describe the epidemiology of infectious díseases by direct or indirect transmission. We did the classical approach of equilibrium solutions search, its analysis of stability analytically and by numerical solutions. After, we applied these techniques in a compartimental model of Dengue transmission that consider the mosquito population (susceptible vector Vs and 'infected vector VI), human population (suseeptíble humans S, infected humans I and recovered humans R) and just one sorotype floating in this population. We found the equilibrium solutions and from their analises, it was possible find the reprodution rate of dísease and which define if the disease will be endemic or not in the population.- ext, we used the method described a..~, [1] to study the infíuence of seasonalíty at vírus transmission, when it just acts on one of rates related with the vector. Lastly, we made de modeling considering the periodicity of alI rates, thereby building, a modeI with temporal dependence that permits to study periodicity of transmission through of the approach of parametrical ressonance and genetic algorithm

Novo algoritimo genético para problemas de cobertura de conjuntos

The Set Covering Problem (SCP) plays an important role in Operational Research since it can be found as part of several real-world problems. In this work we report the use of a genetic algorithm to solve SCP. The algorithm starts with a population chosen by a randomized greedy algorithm. A new crossover operator and a new adaptive mutation operator were incorporated into the algorithm to intensify the search. Our algorithm was tested for a class of non-unicost SCP obtained from OR-Library without applying reduction techniques. The algorithms found good solutions in terms of quality and computational time. The results reveal that the proposed algorithm is able to find a high quality solution and is faster than recently published approaches algorithm is able to find a high quality solution and is faster than recently published approaches using the OR-Library.

Um problema de corte de estoque multiobjetivo

In this paper we deal with the one-dimensional integer cutting stock problem, which consists of cutting a set of available objects in stock in order to produce ordered smaller items in such a way as to optimize a given objective function, which in this paper is composed of three different objectives: minimization of the number of objects to be cut (raw material), minimization of the number of different cutting patterns (setup time), minimization of the number of saw cycles (optimization of the saw productivity). For solving this complex problem we adopt a multiobjective approach in which we adapt, for the problem studied, a symbiotic genetic algorithm proposed in the literature. Some theoretical and computational results are presented.

Use of uniform designs in combination with neural networks for viral infection process development

This work aimed to compare the predictive capacity of empirical models, based on the uniform design utilization combined to artificial neural networks with respect to classical factorial designs in bioprocess, using as example the rabies virus replication in BHK-21 cells. The viral infection process parameters under study were temperature (34°C, 37°C), multiplicity of infection (0.04, 0.07, 0.1), times of infection, and harvest (24, 48, 72 hours) and the monitored output parameter was viral production. A multilevel factorial experimental design was performed for the study of this system. Fractions of this experimental approach (18, 24, 30, 36 and 42 runs), defined according uniform designs, were used as alternative for modelling through artificial neural network and thereafter an output variable optimization was carried out by means of genetic algorithm methodology. Model prediction capacities for all uniform design approaches under study were better than that found for classical factorial design approach. It was demonstrated that uniform design in combination with artificial neural network could be an efficient experimental approach for modelling complex bioprocess like viral production. For the present study case, 67% of experimental resources were saved when compared to a classical factorial design approach. In the near future, this strategy could replace the established factorial designs used in the bioprocess development activities performed within biopharmaceutical organizations because of the improvements gained in the economics of experimentation that do not sacrifice the quality of decisions.

Genetic associations between scrotal circumference and female reproductive traits in Nelore cattle

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Genetic relationship among reproductive traits in Nellore cattle

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Genetic gain in the selection by multi-effects index in open-pollinated progenies of Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden

In Brazil, Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden is widely used for commercial reforestation, especially for production of pulp, paper and energy. Its genetic variability is being explored in tree improvement programs for over 30 years. The objective of this work was to estimate genetic parameters and compare genetic gains by multi-effects index in a breeding population of E. grandis. Progeny tests were established using open-pollinated seeds from ten provenances ranging from 153 to 160 progenies established in a completely randomized block design in four sites of Sao Paulo State (Anhembi, Avere Itarare e Pratania). At 24 months of age the traits diameter at breast height (DBH), height (ALT) and volume (VOL) were measured. The individual site analyses indicated significant genetic differences among progenies, height genetic variability and the mean progeny heritability (> 0.70). For joint analyses of sites, significant differences in genotype x environmental interaction effects were detected, showing differences of performance of the progenies in different sites. The Itarare site gave high genetic gains, effective size and genetic diversity. The genetic diversity and low effective size are unviable factors; considering that the progeny tests studied should retain adequate levels of genetic variability in order to be transformed in future seedling seed orchards.

Evaluation of Brazilian sugarcane genotypes for resistance to Sugarcane mosaic virus under greenhouse and field conditions

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Genetic parameters for body weight in meat quail

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Genetic associations between temperament and performance traits in Nellore beef cattle

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Genetic parameter estimates and principal component analysis on performance and carcass traits of a terminal pig sire line

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Refinamento geométrico de contornos e cumeeiras de telhados de edifícios extraídos de dados laser com uso de imagem aérea

In this paper, a method is proposed to refine the LASER 3D roofs geometrically by using a high-resolution aerial image and Markov Random Field (MRF) models. In order to do so, a MRF description for grouping straight lines is developed, assuming that each projected side contour and ridge is topologically correct and that it is only necessary to improve its accuracy. Although the combination of laser data with data from image is most justified for refining roof contour, the structure of ridges can give greater robustness in the topological description of the roof structure. The MRF model is formulated based on relationships (length, proximity, and orientation) between the straight lines extracted from the image and projected polygon and also on retangularity and corner injunctions. The energy function associated with MRF is minimized by the genetic algorithm optimization method, resulting in the grouping of straight lines for each roof object. Finally, each grouping of straight lines is topologically reconstructed based on the topology of the corresponding LASER scanning polygon projected onto the image-space. The results obtained were satisfactory. This method was able to provide polygons roof refined buildings in which most of its contour sides and ridges were geometrically improved.

Evaluation of Xylella fastidiosa genetic diversity by fAFPL markers

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Genetic analysis on accumulated productivity and calving intervals in Nelore cattle

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Controle de fotoassociação caótica com campos externos

The objective of the present work was to study the control of the dynamics of diatomic heteronuclear molecules interacting with electric fields created by lasers. Specifically in this work, the molecular photoassociation phenomenon will be analyzed. At this phenomenon, the atom's relative movement is described by a particle that moves in a morse potential well under the influence of an external time dependant force related to the external field. Based on the optimum control theory (OCT), it is presented at the present work laser pulses that alternate a given initial molecular state to a desirable end state, wich in this work was represented by the minimization of a cost functional that indicates how close. To do so, a computational sistem know as Genetic Algorithm (GA) was developed that can be characterizes as an extremelly eficient technique capable of scanning the solutions space and find results close to the optimum solutions