Monitoramento da Qualidade do leite: Procedimentos Diagnósticos

Means for milk, not otherwise specified, the product from complete and uninterrupted milking , in a hygienic, healthy cows, well fed and rested. The milk of other animals must be called according to origin of species. One of the main characteristics that defined the milk is the set of their sensory characteristics, and the main flavor. The control of milk quality in Brazil has been an important factor for the consolidation of the entire production chain, passing necessarily by the dairy industry. The production of milk with good quality guarantees, of course, food safety for consumers. The measures to obtain milk begin on the property, in carrying out correct procedures for milking, storage and transportation of the product also in the dairy. Later, in the laboratory evaluation of physicochemical properties, research fraud, and microbiological examinations. Finally, measures of health education are need for producers to become aware of the economic benefits by obtaining a better quality milk. The objective of this review is to emphasize the importance of using diagnostic procedures methods for the control of mastitis and consequently obtain better Milk quality

Topobatimetria e geração de modelo digital de terreno no monitoramento da dinâmica fluvial do ribeirão Guaratinguetá

This research was developed with the goal of creating a Digital Terrain Model(DTM),through a topo-bathymetric data gathering that allows the monitoring of the fluvial dynamics of part of Guaratinguetá’s creek, where preliminary evaluations identified, in a short period of time, intense changes on its riverbed. Modern topography technics and tools were used for the data gathering, such as the use of geodesic GPS and Total Station. The DTM was primal for the project e execution of the desilting works of the researched part of the creek, being used to estimate the amount of soil to be moved. The comparison between the digital terrain models generated before and after the desilting has showed the efficiency and aplicability of this technique in the monitoring of the fluvial dynamics changes of Guaratinguetá’s creek

Avaliação do método de classificação baseada no objeto em imagens de alta resolução espacial aplicado para o monitoramento de faixa de dutos: estudo de caso no entorno da refinaria de Capuava em Mauá - SP

The metropolitan region of São Paulo is the most populous of the country, this happens because of its great importance in the national economy and the job opportunities that are offered to the population. These factors result in intense population growth and urban expansion, reaching some non-habitable places of the metropolis, as areas of pipelines, which are very important for the transportation of natural gas, oil and its derivatives. Before the population growth of the region, these sites were unoccupied, do not presenting problems for the population. However, with the disorderly occupation is generated great anthropogenic pressure on the pipeline stitches, causing risks to people who are around them. Therefore it is extremely important to monitor the strip of pipelines through products and techniques of remote sensing and geoprocessing, enabling, through high spatial resolution images, identification of objects or phenomena that occur on Earth's surface that can alter the functioning and safety of pipelines. Therefore, this study aims to monitor a stretch of the area of the pipeline mesh GASPAL/OSVAT and Capuava Refinery (RECAP), located on the outskirts of the metropolitan area of São Paulo in the city of Mauá, who suffer great human pressure, proving thus the techniques of remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) as effective tools for monitoring phenomena occurred in urban areas of great complexity. The monitoring was done by object-based classification applied in orbital images Ikonos II and RapidEye, of high spatial resolution and, image processing, detection of objects, segmentation, classification and editing were developed through the eCognition and ArcGis softwares. To determine the statistical accuracy of the mapping of the land cover of the stretch of pipeline in Maua, the results were analyzed by error matrix... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Análise das enchentes no estado de São Paulo durante a operação verão de 2000 a 2007

With increasing frequency and intensity of climate disasters in Brazil, it is necessary studies on mitigation measures. From this spatialization of areas considered risk becomes essential to assist the public in preventive plans. Floods and flooding are the main types of climatic disasters that hit our country, especially the state of Sao Paulo, mainly by self degree of urbanization. From the data provided by the State Civil Defense was possible to create a database with the localities georelacional occurrences of flooding in the state in which through techniques of GIS (Geographic Information System) enabled the interrelationship and spatialization occurrence of areas affected This will help to determine potential areas of risk and different ways to prevent these disasters

Estudo da dinâmica climática e sua influência na qualidade da água de reservatórios urbanos

The present study sought to develop a methodology to analyze the water quality based on concepts and methods of climate and climatology respectively. In this way, it was tried to relate techniques and methodologies hydro and limno-meteorological with a rhythmic analysis technique developed within the Brazilian geographical climatology to assess and analyze the blooms of cyanobacteria, the main index of water quality found in reservoirs of “Alto Tietê” Basin and consequently the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, an area of high environmental complexity due to its high degree of development and high population density. The meteorological data used to develop the study were collected from the meteorological station of the IAG / USP and the limnological data were collected from the Hydrological Monitoring System implemented by SABESP in Billings and Guarapiranga reservoirs as well as data laboratory of the same entity. The results obtained by the rhythmic and integrated analyze showed that the process of blooms of cyanobacteria is dependent not only on one specific factor, but a combination of meteorological factors that may disrupt the stability of reservoir and which can, during the stabilization process, provides the necessary conditions to the development of cyanobacteria. It was also shown by the results that the pace of Atlantic Polar Front Entrance during the winter in São Paulo, is a limiting factor to the growth of cyanobacteria due to their high frequency, keeping the reservoir balance throughout the period. Furthermore, another importance of this study is the possibility of prevention and forecasting periods which are inappropriate for the use of these reservoirs mainly for recreational activities

Monitoramento das águas subterrâneas do aterro de resíduos da construção civil e inertes, no bairro Jd. Wenzel, em Rio Claro-SP

This work is proposed to evaluate the potential risk of an inert landfill in the city of Rio Claro (SP), and also suggest a source for the contamination. The study was proposed because it is known that there were legal technicalities greetings to guarantee the quality of groundwater. Given the requirements of the Environmental Company of São Paulo (CETESB) were installed monitoring wells in the area; sampled to groundwater and its contamination was found. In addition, we analyzed the main characteristics of the area, the arrangement and characteristics of the waste, the local geology and the hydrogeological system, so that I could find the source of contaminants, and predict the direction of dispersion even in groundwater. At the end of the work presents conclusions, recommendations and proposals for mitigating action

WSPControl: aplicação distribuída baseada em Web Services para monitoramento remoto de computadores

The tool proposed, known as WSPControl, enables remote monitoring of computers across the Internet using distributed applications. Through a Web Services architecture is possible the communication between these distributed applications across heterogeneous platforms, also eliminates the need for additional settings in computer networks, such as release of ports or proxy. The tool is divided into three modules, namely: • Client Interface: developed in C Sharp, is responsible for capturing data on performance of the monitored computer also connects to the Web Services to report this data. • Web Services Interface: developed in PHP using the PHP SOAP library, is responsible for facilitating the communication between internet applications and client. • Internet Interface: developed in PHP, is responsible for reading and interpreting the information captured these available on the Internet

Aplicação de técnicas de geoprocessamento para a avaliação da expansão urbana no municípo de Duque de Caxias (RJ) como subsídio ao monitoramento de dutos: trecho da faixa de dutos Rio de Janeiro - Belo Horizonte

Different forms of human pressure may occur in the pipeline ranges, due to the large extensions and various configurations of land use, which can pass through the pipelines. Due to the dynamics of these pressures, it is necessary to monitor temporal changes of land use and cover the surface. Under this theme, appears as extremely important to use products and techniques of remote sensing, as they allow the identification of objects of the land surface that may compromise the security and monitoring of the pipeline, and allows the extraction of information conditions on land use at different periods of time. Based on the above, this paper aims to examine in a temporal approach, the process of urban expansion in the municipality of Duque de Caxias, located on the outskirts of the metropolitan area of the state of Rio de Janeiro, as well as settlement patterns characteristic of areas that the changes occurred in the period 1987 to 2010. We used the technique of visual analysis to perform the change detection and the technique of image classification, aimed at monitoring human pressure over a stretch of track pipeline Rio de Janeiro - Belo Horizonte, located in the state of Rio de Janeiro. The stages of work involved the characterization of the study area, urban sprawl and the existing settlement patterns, through the analysis of bibliographic data. The processing of Landsat 5 images and the application of the technique of change detection were performed in three scenes for the years 1987, 1998 and 2010, while the classification process was performed on the image RapidEye for the year 2010. Can be noted an increase in urban area of approximately 22.38% and the change of land cover from natural to built. This growth is concentrated outside to the area of direct influence of the duct, occurring in the area of indirect influence of the enterprise. Regarding the settlement patterns of growth areas, it was observed that these are predominantly

Ação dos inotrópicos e vasopressores na estabilização hemodinâmica em cães com choque séptico

Septic shock remains one of the most common challenges for the small animal practicing, presenting high mortality rates frequently associated with late identification of this syndrome, as well as an inappropriate treatment. In general, disruption of homeostasis occurs with an intense activation of inflammatory cascade, which leads to a damage to endothelial cells and an exposure to these cytokines, which will result in vasodilation and increased capillary permeability. Thus, there is a drop in blood pressure, even after aggressive fluid resuscitation. Therefore, drugs such as vasopressors, which act by increasing systemic vascular resistance, and inotropes, which have an effect on heart pump, should be administered in order to raise blood pressure, ensuring adequate tissue perfusion. The objective of this review was to gather information about the various drugs used in vasopressors/inotropes therapy, trying to explain the role of each one in different situations, in order to increase the survival rate in dogs affected with septic shock

Utilização de técnicas de geoprocessamento para monitoramento de atividades de mineração ao longo de dutos: poliduto Rio de Janeiro/Minas Gerais

The transportation of oil through polyducts implies a concern related to safety and environmental impacts they may cause, especially when exposed to risks that affect their integrity. Among the various anthropogenic activities included in this scenario, mining can aggravate, increase the risks and degrade the environment. Since these polyducts go through significant extensions, remote sensing has great applicability as a tool for data acquisition. For this, change detection techniques were used to monitor mining activities in a defined study area in the state of Rio de Janeiro, along the duct ORBEL. The characterization of the study area and the mining activities were developed through bibliographical data. The satellite images processing and the application of change detection technique were performed in two scenes for the years 2002 and 2010. The growth in the mining area was about 6.67 times and it was possible to identify types of extraction involved which can represent direct risks to the pipeline

Remoção de N-amoniacal em baixas concentrações de oxigênio dissolvido a partir do efluente de frigorífico bovino

This work aimed to develop a biological system for removal of ammonia nitrogen operating at low concentrations of dissolved oxygen. Thus, a biological upflow vertical reactor was built, in which the affluent pass through the support media until the top. Sludge from an anaerobic stabilization pond of a slaughterhouse unit in the city of Presidente Prudente - SP was used as inoculum. Initially the system operated in batch and afterwards in a continuous flow with different HRT. For feeding the reactor, an initial phases was adopted a synthetic culture media, described by Martins (2007), in order to establish the ideal conditions for the development of Anammox bacteria and subsequently, submitted to the system a slugde effluent of slaughterhouse. The results showed significant removal efficiency of N-NH4+, especially in the phase without recirculation of culture media, with an average of 71% removal, with the proportion of removal of N-NH4 +:N-NO2- average 1: 1,69. For the period of operation with effluent from the slaughterhouse, were not obtained satisfactory results, without confirmation of the proliferation of Anammox bacteria in the system, due to the high presences of organic matter in the same confirmed by high concentrations of COD

Monitoramento hidrossedimentlógico da bacia hidrográfica do alto rio Sucuriú (MS) contribuinte da PCH Costa Rica

The growing demand for electricity in Brazil has stimulated the implementation of Small Hydro Power (PCH) in various regions of the country. However, the silting of reservoirs is a major problem faced by power plants and power plants. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the data hydrosedimentological strategic points of the watershed of the Alto Rio Sucuriú (MS) to identify the possible causes siltation of the reservoir PCH Costa Rica and suggest mitigation measures. Hydrosedimentological surveys were conducted during the rainy season (February / March 2012) and drought (August 2012), and obtained data flow, discharge liquid, suspended solids and bottom and organic matter content. Based on these results it was determined that the points 2, 4, 7 and 9 are the largest contributors to sedimentation, and point 4 got most liquid discharge (38,20 m3s-1), point 7 largest discharge of solid suspension (906,3 mg L-1), points 2 and 4 major discharges solid totals (231,59 t dia-1 and 238,185 t dia-1 respectively) and point 9 higher organic matter content (22,18%) . Found greater fraction of fine sand and very fine suspended solids and solid medium sand in the background. As mitigation measures for the process of silting of the reservoir PCH Costa Rica (MS) highlights the orientation of landowners in adopting conservation measures and planting of leguminous species native to the region in symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing bacteria

Estabelecimento de rotinas de operação e orientações de manutenção para a planta termelétrica do DEN/FEG/UNESP

Steam generation plants have several industrial applications, being important for the national and global energetic matrix. Operational knowledge of steam plants is extremely important to forming a Mechanical Engineer. The facilities from Faculty of Engineering of Guaratingueta have a no operated steam pilot plant, named Thermal Machine Lab. Nowadays, the Energy Department from the faculty cannot explore this lab for its classes, even being essential to consolidate the theoretical concepts with tests simulating industrial applications. The goal of this project was to restore the operational condition of equipment of steam laboratory by fixing the equipment, and creating operational scripts for them. In a close future this lab could be used for classes, research and other applications

Avaliação da eficiência do sistema de tratamento de efluentes de frigorífico: um estudo de caso em Rio Claro/SP

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Monitoramento espacial e análise das características climáticas na influência sobre a cultura de soja no estado do Paraná

In the past years, soya has increased itself as the mean agro export culture in Brazil, encouraging the expansion of its agricultural frontier throughout the country. Brazil is the second biggest soya producer around the world, with a 59,8 million ton production in 2008, according to the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), only behind United States. Around the country, the four leading producer states are Mato Grosso, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul e Goiás. Therefore, geotechnologies may be used to monitor use and soil occupation in various analyzes periods. In this review, the tools are important to illustrate the soya production areas and also the weather behavior around its production evolution in the territory through the years. Its utilization can contribute to the evolution and optimization around real time monitoring of the Agricola cultures, without being necessary to be in the area with a low financial cost. Generally, this information is strongly important for decision makers in both government and private sector, as soon as the achievement information regards the quantification of area, yield and development of agricultural crops are essential to the economic behavior of culture during the season and even beyond. By obtaining data regarding climate crops 2008/09 and 2009/10, held the climatic water balance calculation based on the dynamics of water storage in soil temperature and precipitation data, interpolation of the data through the interpolator (IDW) that generated thematic precipitation maps. Overall, the use of geotechnology to monitor agricultural areas, can strongly contribute to this monitoring, generating raw material for further analysis at low cost