Eles e Elas: comparação intersexual na categorização social e formação das primeiras impressões em seres humanos

O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi compreender, sob uma perspectiva evolucionista, os mecanismos, preferências e as diferenças sexuais subjacentes a uma análise as primeiras impressões em seres humanos. Investigamos: (1) ocorrências de diferenças sexuais na categorização social e na formação das primeiras impressões; (2) a influência do sexo e da cor de pele e (3) ocorrência de preconceitos (com relação ao sexo e/ou a cor de pele do sujeito estímulo) e suas influências na formação das primeiras impressões. Para isso, tratamos de expor uma amostra de 43 indivíduos ( 17 a 34 anos) à oito vídeos (4 perfis: homens negros e brancos, mulheres brancas e negras) com duração de 20’’ cada. Durante o procedimento experimental foi requerido que o participante respondesse a um questionário (escala likert; 0-6). Nesse, o participante avaliava a atratividade física, a competência, sucesso na carreira, agressividade, confiabilidade, atribuía uma nota para a cor da pele, e qualidade geral. Foi feito um teste GLM com medidas repetidas e post hoc teste t student pareado, a fim fazer uma análise mais detalhada das diferenças encontradas nas avaliações. Nossos resultados apontam que a característica que afeta mais a avaliação tanto de homens como das mulheres é a atratividade física, o que foi possível concluir que as outras características em análise é menos dependente da primeira impressão e construída ao longo do convívio. As mulheres tendem a fazer uma avaliação mais minuciosa, o que corrobora outros estudos sobre diferenças sexuais. Devido ao pequeno N, não possível analisarmos a influência da cor da pele do sujeito estímulo na avaliação, evidenciando a necessidade de ampliação futura desse projeto. A análise post hoc nos mostrou um ligeiro preconceito contra as mulheres negras, o que também corrobora... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Os ventos e seus impactos na área urbana de Rio Claro (SP) entre 2005 e 2010: um análise através dos jornais e dos boletins de ocorrência

The intensive development in the urbanization process implied a series of economic, social, and gradually, environmental transformations, essentially, since its intensification, which took place from the Industrial Revolution in Europe and North America. In Latin American countries, including Brazil, there was such acceleration in urban sprawl, only in the middle of the twentieth century, fomented by a peculiar industrialization, coming from the scientific-technical revolution, which occurred in developing countries. In this context, and with a lack of planning and an effective organization, cities of the dependent countries face an inordinate population growth and an unprecedented industrial swelling. Brazil, following this trend, presents several issues regarding the gaps in the provision of necessary infrastructure to meet the most basic needs of its population and the intense activity and anthropogenic effects on the environment. In this sense, environmental problems, related to air and water pollution, degradation and contamination of soil, paving roads, reduction of green areas, urban heat island, among others, reaching ever deeper into the Brazilian urban areas. It is important the analysis in this final project, the weather events related to episodes of strong winds and the events and the impacts to the population of Rio Claro (SP) in the period 2005 to 2010, basing themselves in Geographical Climatology and Urban climate studies. In this scenario, we found the prevalence of occurrences linked to falling trees in the study area, connected, at the same time, to the occurrence and to the absence of episodes of extreme events, with measurements of strong winds, showing a connection between the events and external facts to episodes of winds

Litofácies e relações estratigráficas da formação Aquidauana no nordeste da Bacia do Paraná - São Sebastião do Paraíso (MG)

The Aquidauana Formation is characterized by sandstones of variable granulation, mudstones and diamectites abundant in clay, typical colors like brick red (vermelho tijolo) of glacial, fluvial and lacustrine origin. It’s chronostratigraphic equivalent to the Itarará group from the Neo Carboniferous age, that under the exploratory view, such units represent important intervals in the basin, occurring together with them minerals as well as energy resources as petroleum, underground water and coal – what requires a great paleogeography and stratigraphy knowledge for its exploration. By gathering information from the columnar sections of the area, it was possible to characterize the sedimentary facies, the stacking pattern as well as the association. It was also made an attempt of stratigraphic correlation, which showed great difficulties since glacial environments present a great lateral discontinuity of the facies besides the complex relationship process of formation. As a result, it was obtained 8 sedimentary facies, the lateral and vertical relations and genesis process. It is proposed that the sedimentary environment in the study area is the fluvio glacial, characterized by alluvial systems formed by defrosted water which transport the sediments that are deposited in plains in front of the glacier (distal outwash). Petrographic thin section analysis showed that the transportation process was ineffective. The grains present punctual to lobular contacts, characterizing good porosity and permeability to the rock, varying these qualities according to more or less existence of matrix. The presence of Iron Oxide deposited between the recrystallization border and feldspathic mineral indicates that this rock has possibly presented a primary rubefaction, intensified by alkaline fluid percolation

Usos não-padrão das estratégias de relativização no português brasileiro: hipercorreção e estilo

This study focuses on the current use of the relative pronoun qual and variants or alternatives (o/os/a/as/ qual/quais, preceded or not by prepositions) in Brazilian Portuguese concerning mainly on the phenomenon of hypercorrection. As a theoretical basis, it was used the study of William Labov about the phenomenon and also the rules of use of this pronoun present in both traditional grammars and linguistic studies. It was performed a qualitative analysis of a corpus of written language with the intention of describing the different uses of the pronoun, and looking for their possible motivations. There were also found different types of occurrences of hypercorrection, which has led to propose a scale of uses of this relative pronoun, which reveals an increasing loss of its functions towards an use as an index of prestige. It discusses also the stylistic factor as a potential motivator of this phenomenon

Agressividade: a origem dos conflitos? : compreendendo o comportamento agressivo

As explosões de violência que assolam a sociedade humana são noticiadas diariamente pela mídia, e vivenciadas pelos indivíduos. As queixas sobre a disseminação da violência estão espalhadas como areia pelo vento. As manifestações de agressão podem ocorrer por diversos motivos: disputas por território, fama, “status”, para impor dominação, agressividade como forma de alerta, para atingir um objetivo sexual, um instrumento para humilhar e coagir o outro, entre outros tantos e variados motivos. As ciências que se ocupam do estudo das relações humanas abordam o tema, mas devido à complexidade e abrangência de suas manifestações, existem muito mais lacunas do que respostas. A agressividade e violência não são exclusivas da sociedade humana, mas graças ao desenvolvimento técnico-científico, para a humanidade a associação entre estas tendências e a capacidade destrutiva do homem, geralmente, são catastróficas, ameaçando não apenas sua própria espécie, mas tudo ao seu redor. É impossível negar a ancestralidade comum entre o homem e os grandes primatas, chimpanzés, orangotangos, gorilas e bonobos. Intrigante é o fato de encontrar ocorrências de atos violentos semelhantes aos humanos entre eles. Por exemplo, orangotangos cometem estupros, chimpanzés além de surras, atacam de modo mortal indivíduos da mesma espécie, e entre gorilas o infanticídio é um ato banal. Apenas os bonobos fogem deste legado violento, apresentando-se como sociedade pacífica, liderada por fêmeas, onde conflitos são resolvidos pelo ato sexual. Os chimpanzés são extremamente próximos aos humanos, compartilhando mais de 95% da bagagem genética. A diferença entre os chimpanzés e humanos é menor do que a existente entre eles e os gorilas. A agressividade em ambos é algo que chama atenção para o possível legado genético, visto ser uma característica comportamental típica dos animais. No caso do ser humano, este tipo de...

Elaboração de mapa de susceptibilidade de corridas de massa/detritos e ondas de cheia, aplicado a empreendimentos dutoviários, na bacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão da Prata (SP)

Given the intense expansion of the industries in Brazil and the discovery of hydrocarbons in the pre-salt layer of the Santos and Campos Basin, there is a need to expand the distribution of oil and gas network in the country. The present work aims to present the development of susceptibility map by two distinct methods of two events (debris flows and full wave), applied to the establishment of pipelines on Ribeirão da Prata Basin. The research area covers two municipalities: São João da Boa Vista and Águas da Prata, in total 145 km2. In the paper was used the methodology proposed by Zaine (2011) for the physiographic subdivision method, which uses geological maps, geomorphological maps, digital terrain models and aerial photographs, used to extract the main elements of the physical environment, as rivers, lines, ridges, tops forms and valley forms and historical processes. Thus, the basin was divided into 11 physiographic zones, considering the following elements: thickness of soil, rock type, geomorphology, amplitude, ridges orientation, erosion occurences and mass movements. Were subsequently performed location maps of dams, that had as main purpose to localize major dams in the study area along with their area and perimeter of the reservoir, and land use map that subdivided the area in woody vegetation, permanent culture, temporary culture and urban area. Along with the preparation of the auxiliar maps was conducted a field campaign with three days and approximately 2 points per km2, which aimed to better understand the physical environment and check the main peculiarities of the study area. Criteria have been established for susceptibility maps physiographic subdivision and land use, and a survey of criteria weights used in each map for both processes under study. For the preparation of susceptibility maps were adopted two different methods, which treat the weighted average and the multiplicand. The weighted average method it is...

Análise de inconformidades em obras recentes

Due to the large number of pathologies in the civil constructions justified to highlight the reasons for problems encountered and subsequently the most appropriate way of implementing procedures for certain services performed in civil construction. The intention here is to explain each of the subjects studied, identify and distinguish the conditions presented in the post delivery of civil constructions from construction X, through research and company documents, and highlight steps of the executives of some services civilians highlighted in this work to minimize, or cancel, future maintenance. Studies will be conducted in a more narrow, focused more specifically in the most happening pathologies in the constructions and how to perform each service to prevent future problems with masonry (non-structural cracks and crevices), waterproofing, window frames and cladding. Thus, this study seeks to protect the building, using material technology and equipment, to allow an increase in the service time of the building,

Análise das enchentes no estado de São Paulo durante a operação verão de 2000 a 2007

With increasing frequency and intensity of climate disasters in Brazil, it is necessary studies on mitigation measures. From this spatialization of areas considered risk becomes essential to assist the public in preventive plans. Floods and flooding are the main types of climatic disasters that hit our country, especially the state of Sao Paulo, mainly by self degree of urbanization. From the data provided by the State Civil Defense was possible to create a database with the localities georelacional occurrences of flooding in the state in which through techniques of GIS (Geographic Information System) enabled the interrelationship and spatialization occurrence of areas affected This will help to determine potential areas of risk and different ways to prevent these disasters

Análise dos acidentes automobilísticos atendidos no Hospital das Clínicas no ano de 2010, Botucatu

As a result of the 20th-century industrial development, and particularly after World War II, cars have become an important consumer good, and this has led to a large number of circulating vehicles. To this day, the number of cars has increased exponentially worldwide, which results in a high number of traffic accidents (TAs) every day. TAs are responsible for 1.2 million deaths worldwide each year, and in Brazil, they are considered to be a public health problem, considering that its traffic is regarded as one of the worst and most dangerous in the world. In addition to temporary or permanent physical disabilities that bring great harm to individuals, accidents also cause psychological disorders, such as the post-traumatic stress disorder. Hence, considering the importance of TAs in the country and their outcomes, this study aimed at investigating the epidemiological aspects of car accidents occurring in 2010 who were assisted in the emergency room of a university hospital in São Paulo state. By means of records made by the nursing team and medical records analysis, it was possible to extract a stratified sample of 88 cases involving adults and eight cases involving children. The sample was analyzed by the SAS software for Windows, version 9.2. As regards the accidents involving adults, there was a predominance of males (67%), with an approximate 2:1 ratio in relation to females. The victims’ most frequent age range was 20-29 years (39%), and they were mostly single (56%). The month showing the largest number of occurrences was July, with 17%, and the weekday was Sunday, with 25%. Showing 32%, the time period when most accidents occurred was from 06:00 o’clock p.m. to 11:59 p.m. As regards vehicles types involved, motorcycles were in first place, with 47% of cases, and the most common accident type was crashing between vehicles, with 43%... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Implementação de centros de informação sobre medicamentos no Brasil: importância e desafios

Ante a modernidade, a informação está em toda parte, tornando-se grande o desafio de separar as informações atualizadas das ultrapassadas, as confiáveis das questionáveis e as reais das imaginadas. Em relação aos medicamentos, a despeito dos inegáveis avanços terapêuticos, os produtos farmacêuticos passaram a sofrer uso indiscriminado e irracional. Não se pode negar, que o uso racional de medicamentos implica o conhecimento específico e atualizado sobre os mesmos, como também de profissionais envolvidos e compreensão dos pacientes sobre a importância do tratamento. Na expectativa de se contribuir para dirimir as frequentes dúvidas em relação aos medicamentos, reduzir as ocorrências do surgimento de doenças iatrogênicas e esclarecer ao usuário, conseguindo-se a consciência sobre os riscos da automedicação é que entram em cena os Centros de Informação sobre Medicamentos. Estes são locais, onde se acumulam, organizam, processam, avaliam e se informa sobre medicamentos, com o objetivo de melhorar a saúde. No Brasil, após cerca de 30 anos de experiência em Kentucky, EUA, alguns profissionais e acadêmicos atentaram-se à necessidade e importância da existência de tais Centros. Ante ao exposto, a partir de uma revisão não sistemática da literatura, no presente trabalho foram relatadas a importância, necessidade e desafios para se implementar um Centro de Informação sobre Medicamentos

Relações entre os acidentes de trânsito e a precipitação na área urbana de Rio Claro (SP)

Traffic accidents are considered a concern for both public agencies and for researchers that are seeking alternatives to reduce the number of deaths and incidents. Thus, the aim of this work was to compile a database of traffic accidents recorded for the 2° Sub-Grouping of the Fire Department of the city of Rio Claro (SP) during the years 2008 to 2010 and related to rain. The result allowed profiling of traffic accidents, recognize critical areas and correlate the rain as an interference factor in the occurrence of traffic accidents in Rio Claro (SP)

A Concordância verbal e suas repercussões avaliativas nas redações de vestibular

This paper attempts to quantify the occurrences of verb agreement, as well as evaluative repercussions on a sample of one hundred and eight essays compiled by candidates entering the São Paulo State University- UNESP in 2006 through an annual entrance exam conducted by the Foundation and applied for Vestibular the Unesp - VUNESP in November 2005. Our reflections are observing about the possible relationships between the performances obtained in newsrooms observed (high, medium and low) and precepts found in the rules established by normative grammars. Our study is based on theoretical and methodological framework of variationist sociolinguistics and search through the quantification of data, discuss the factors that influence verb agreement in the corpus analyzed. Our results show not only a high index of cases of verbal agreement (standard variant) in the three types of essays analyzed, as well as cases of overcorrection that may be explained by the misapplication of the rules of agreement

A escola, os jovens e a comunidade: um estudo em um bairro de periferia de Rio Claro

O objetivo geral deste trabalho é dar continuidade a investigação sobre a temática jovens e violência, procurando compreender os modos de inserção da escola no bairro e os modos de inclusão dos jovens na escola. Para tanto foram analisados os registros realizados pelos docentes no livro de ocorrências, mapeadas as ações da escola voltadas à sua integração na comunidade e investigada sua relação com a família dos alunos e com a escola. Por meio da análise dos documentos e dos depoimentos dos gestores procura-se possíveis diferenças nestes modos de inserção conforme os alunos sejam ou não considerados protagonistas de violência na escola

Análise do comportamento em fadiga de rodas ferroviárias fabricadas pelos processos de forjamento e fundição

Since the beginning of the railway industry until today, rail wheels are important components to the good working of a railway. For being a critical security item, design and maintenance are done with extremely care to avoid failures. Despite de fact of railway components be projected to support a big number of cyclic solicitation during its life, some accidents still occur. These accidents, despite the low frequency, always have great consequences, drawing in great financial, material, and people losses. Nowadays, railway component failure is relatively low, because it’s been projected to work below the materials Fatigue Resistance Limit, however, with the growing demand of faster trains and higher load for each axle, the occurrence probability is even bigger. This work includes a comparative study of two fabrication processes (casting and forging) applied in the production of rail wheels where it was measured the mechanical properties of traction and fatigue. The study also verified through microstructural analysis, hardness, traction and fatigue tests, statistical analysis of fatigue test results and fractographic analysis that forging process lead to better correlations between fatigue life and mechanical properties, providing more security in railroads, less wagon retention caused by corrective maintenance and smaller operational cost with its use

Mapeamento geológico-estrutural e potencialidade econômica dos arredores de Jacutinga - MG

This monograph presents the data of geological mapping, structural and economic research of an area of about 230 km², in the outskirts of Jacutinga / MG, south of Minas Gerais State and adjacent areas of the northeastern state of São Paulo, in compliance with the discipline of Graduation Course of Geology at the Institute of Geosciences and Exact Sciences. It consists of Socorro-Guaxupé Nappe, developed in response to the collision of cratons Parana and Sao Francisco (630 Ma ago), with mass transit to the east, affected by the coexistence of a system pushes later, with convergence to Northwest, giving rise to the intricate area of interference of the two provinces. Locally there metasedimentary rocks of molasse basin of Proterozoic- Phanerozoic transition called Eleutério; Intrusive, equigranular and porphyroid granits, polyphase, and predominantly granodioritic migmatites Anatexia of structures with different neossomas predominantly granodioritic to granitic in Group Amparo, paragneisses arcosianos, greywacke, aluminous , calc-silicate, mica schists and migmatites of the aluminous migmatites and Itapira Anatexia of multi-phase, with neossomas predominantly granodiorite, with intercalations orthogneissic homogeneous granitic to tonalitic porphyroid composition of the Amparo. We tried to draw a geological map, semi-structural detail of the area in focus, with location of mineral occurrences economically viable operation. Furthermore, this study aims to train students in basic and applied geology, using techniques learned during the undergraduate course.