Estudo de avaliação de emissões de nanopartículas na soldadura por fricção linear de ligas de alumínio

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Framework development for providing accessibility to qualitative spatial calculi

Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geospatial Technologies.

Heat recovery from wastewater: numerical modelling of sewer systems

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia do Ambiente, perfil Engenharia Sanitária

Strength and damage analysis of composite-aluminium adhesively-bonded single-lap joints

With the need to find an alternative way to mechanical and welding joints, and at the same time to overcome some limitations linked to these traditional techniques, adhesive bonds can be used. Adhesive bonding is a permanent joining process that uses an adhesive to bond the components of a structure. Composite materials reinforced with fibres are becoming increasingly popular in many applications as a result of a number of competitive advantages. In the manufacture of composite structures, although the fabrication techniques reduce to the minimum by means of advanced manufacturing techniques, the use of connections is still required due to the typical size limitations and design, technological and logistical aspects. Moreover, it is known that in many high performance structures, unions between composite materials with other light metals such as aluminium are required, for purposes of structural optimization. This work deals with the experimental and numerical study of single lap joints (SLJ), bonded with a brittle (Nagase Chemtex Denatite XNRH6823) and a ductile adhesive (Nagase Chemtex Denatite XNR6852). These are applied to hybrid joints between aluminium (AL6082-T651) and carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP; Texipreg HS 160 RM) adherends in joints with different overlap lengths (LO) under a tensile loading. The Finite Element (FE) Method is used to perform detailed stress and damage analyses allowing to explain the joints’ behaviour and the use of cohesive zone models (CZM) enables predicting the joint strength and creating a simple and rapid design methodology. The use of numerical methods to simulate the behaviour of the joints can lead to savings of time and resources by optimizing the geometry and material parameters of the joints. The joints’ strength and failure modes were highly dependent on the adhesive, and this behaviour was successfully modelled numerically. Using a brittle adhesive resulted in a negligible maximum load (Pm) improvement with LO. The joints bonded with the ductile adhesive showed a nearly linear improvement of Pm with LO.

Análise não linear da interacção dinâmica solo - estaca em areias secas: um estudo numérico e experimental

Dissertação apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Doutor em Engenharia Civil

Numerical Evaluation of Ventilation Performance in Children Day Care Centres

Modelling of ventilation is strongly dependent on the physical characteristics of the building of which precise evaluation is a complex and time consuming task. In the frame of a research project, two children day care centres (CDCC) have been selected in order to measure the envelope air permeability, the flow rate of mechanical ventilation systems and indoor and outdoor temperature. The data obtained was used as input to the computer code CONTAM for ventilation simulations. The results obtained were compared with direct measurements of ventilation flow from short term measurements with CO2 tracer gas and medium term measurements with perfluorocarbon tracer (PFT) gas decay method. After validation, in order to analyse the main parameters that affect ventilation, the model was used to predict the ventilation rates for a wide range of conditions. The purpose of this assessment was to find the best practices to improve natural ventilation. A simple analytical method to predict the ventilation flow rate of rooms is also presented. The method is based on the estimation of wind effect on the room through the evaluation of an average factor and on the assessment of relevant cross section of gaps and openings combined in series or in parallel. It is shown that it may be applied with acceptable accuracy for this type of buildings when ventilation is due essentially to wind action.

Pesquisa e desenvolvimento de um sistema termoelétrico do tipo linear fresnel reflector

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Energias Renováveis – Conversão Elétrica e Utilização Sustentável

Soldadura por fricção linear assistida por corrente elétrica

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Validation of NASA rotor 67 with openFOAM's transonic density-based solver

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Long-term behaviour of railway transitions under dynamic loading application to soft soil sites

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Doutor em Engenharia Civil

Cracterização microestrutural de compósitos com gradiente produzidos por fricção linear (friction surfacing)

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia de Materiais

Modelação e análise não-linear do comportamento dinâmico de um passadiço pedonal

Dissertação para obtencão do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil - Perfil Estruturas

Um elemento finito fisicamente não-linear para vigas mistas aço-betão

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil

Produção de compósitos Alumínio/NiTi através do processo híbrido de fricção linear

Os compósitos inteligentes de matriz metálica (CIMM) têm sido intensamente explorados nas últimas décadas devido à capacidade destes sistemas poderem alterar as suas propriedades mediante um estímulo externo. As ligas de Níquel-Titânio (Ni-Ti) são materiais inteligentes e desempenham, maioritariamente, funções de atuação ou controlo de vibrações nos sistemas em que se inserem, permitindo que estes apresentem características funcionais. A soldadura por fricção linear (SFL) tem sido uma alternativa aos processos de soldadura por fusão para materiais difíceis de soldar como as ligas de alumínio (AA) ou ainda na ligação de materiais dissimilares. No entanto, devido à ocorrência de defeitos, gerados como consequência do deficiente fluxo visco-plástico produzidos pela SFL, surgiram novas variantes deste processo, como a SFL assistida por corrente elétrica (SFLACE), que, por efeito de Joule, provoca o aquecimento do material processado e, consequente, aumento do fluxo visco-plástico, diminuindo ou eliminando a presença de defeitos. Este trabalho incide na produção de CIMM utilizando chapas de AA1100 reforçadas com Ni-Ti por SFLACE em configuração de junta sobreposta. As interfaces e os fluxos de material resultantes foram analisados recorrendo às técnicas de microscopia ótica (MO), SEM, EDS e difração de raio-x (DRX). O controlo de vibrações do CIMM produzido foi também estudado através de ensaios de vibração à temperatura ambiente, bem como a temperaturas superiores à de fim da formação da fase austenítica, e efetuaram-se ensaios de flexão e pull-out com vista à caracterização mecânica. Observou-se que o compósito produzido apresenta um fator de amortecimento superior quando o reforço se encontra na fase martensítica. O ensaio de pull-out confirmou a existência da ligação entre a matriz e o reforço, igualmente observada por SEM. O compósito produzido apresenta uma forte ligação entre os materiais dissimilares, com franca melhoria no caso das amostras processadas com corrente elétrica, obtendo-se um material com características funcionais.

Predictive analytical and numerical modeling for orthogonal cutting

In this thesis, a predictive analytical and numerical modeling approach for the orthogonal cutting process is proposed to calculate temperature distributions and subsequently, forces and stress distributions. The models proposed include a constitutive model for the material being cut based on the work of Weber, a model for the shear plane based on Merchants model, a model describing the contribution of friction based on Zorev’s approach, a model for the effect of wear on the tool based on the work of Waldorf, and a thermal model based on the works of Komanduri and Hou, with a fraction heat partition for a non-uniform distribution of the heat in the interfaces, but extended to encompass a set of contributions to the global temperature rise of chip, tool and work piece. The models proposed in this work, try to avoid from experimental based values or expressions, and simplifying assumptions or suppositions, as much as possible. On a thermo-physical point of view, the results were affected not only by the mechanical or cutting parameters chosen, but also by their coupling effects, instead of the simplifying way of modeling which is to contemplate only the direct effect of the variation of a parameter. The implementation of these models was performed using the MATLAB environment. Since it was possible to find in the literature all the parameters for AISI 1045 and AISI O2, these materials were used to run the simulations in order to avoid arbitrary assumption.