Anförande: Academic work : A tale of essential tension between research and teaching

Sociologisk Forsknings digitala arkiv

Influencia del polimorfismo del receptor de andrógenos en la masa ósea, masa muscular y condición física en niños y niñas

Programa de doctorado: Actividad Física, Salud y Rendimiento Deportivo

Towards an Asynchronous Cinema: how can the asynchronous use of sound in artists' moving image underpin the creation of dialectic tension between the audio, the visual and the audience?

This PhD by publication examines selected practice-based audio-visual works made by the author over a ten-year period, placing them in a critical context. Central to the publications, and the focus of the thesis, is an exploration of the role of sound in the creation of dialectic tension between the audio, the visual and the audience. By first analysing a number of texts (films/videos and key writings) the thesis locates the principal issues and debates around the use of audio in artists’ moving image practice. From this it is argued that asynchronism, first advocated in 1929 by Pudovkin as a response to the advent of synchronised sound, can be used to articulate audio-visual relationships. Central to asynchronism’s application in this paper is a recognition of the propensity for sound and image to adhere, and in visual music for there to be a literal equation of audio with the visual, often married with a quest for the synaesthetic. These elements can either be used in an illusionist fashion, or employed as part of an anti-illusionist strategy for realising dialectic. Using this as a theoretical basis, the paper examines how the publications implement asynchronism, including digital mapping to facilitate innovative reciprocal sound and image combinations, and the asynchronous use of ‘found sound’ from a range of online sources to reframe the moving image. The synthesis of publications and practice demonstrates that asynchronism can both underpin the creation of dialectic, and be an integral component in an audio-visual anti-illusionist methodology.

Muscular anatomy of the pectoral and forelimb of caiman crocodilus crocodilus (linnaeus, 1758) (crocodylia: alligatoridae)

v. 17, n. 2, p. 285-295, abr./jun. 2016.

Tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (TOTM) as a potential industrial reference fluid for viscosity at high temperatures and high pressures: New viscosity, density and surface tension measurements

Tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (TOTM) was recently suggested as a reference fluid for industrial use associated with high viscosity at elevated temperature and pressure. Viscosity and density data have already been published on one sample covering the temperature range (303-373) K and at pressures up to about 65 MPa. The viscosity covered a range from about (9 to 460) mPa s. In the present article we study several other characteristics of TOTM that must be available if it were to be adopted as a standard. First, we present values for the viscosity and density obtained with a different sample of TOTM to examine the important feature of consistency among different samples. Vibrating-wire viscosity measurements were performed at pressures from (5 to 100) MPa, along 6 isotherms between (303 and 373) K. Density measurements were carried out from (293 to 373) K up to 68 MPa, along 4 isotherms, using an Anton Paar DMA HP vibrating U-tube densimeter. Secondly, we report a study of the effect of water contamination on the viscosity of TOTM, performed using an Ubbelhode viscometer under atmospheric pressure. Finally, in order to support the use of TOTM as a reference liquid for the calibration of capillary viscometers, values of its surface tension, obtained by the pendant drop method, are provided. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Considerations in the use of high intensity leg cycle ergometry as a test of muscular performance

High intensity leg cycle ergometry is a widely used method of measuring muscular performance during maximal exercise. Until recently, it was deemed to be a predominantly lower body activity; however, there is now evidence to suggest that the upper body could be making a significant contribution to power output, as demonstrated by the intense electrical activity of the forearm musculature. As high intensity cycle ergometry often is used to measure performance in untrained cyclists it is important they are given at least two familiarisation trials to ensure results are both reliable and reproducible. In addition, diurnal variations exist during a single high intensity bout of exercise. It is likely these daily fluctuations are influenced by a number of biochemical and physiological variables. The purpose of this article is to outline factors that contribute to our interpretation of data following high intensity cycle ergometry.

Arterial entrapment syndrome in the cubital fossa: a rare cause of acute stress-related arterial thrombosis in a patient with brachial artery duplication

Arterial entrapment syndrome (AES) at elbow level is very rare and to our knowledge no case of AES by lacertus fibrosus in the cubital fossa in presence of brachial artery duplication has been described to date. We describe a rare case of acute arterial thrombosis of one of two brachial arteries highlighted in the cubital fossa which developed after strenuous right elbow flexor muscle activity and hyper-extensions presumably related to AES by lacertus fibrosus at elbow level. A 43-year-old right-handed woman, experienced paleness, coldness and numbness of the right hand, after 8 consecutive hours of gardening. As she worked, her ipsilateral flexor elbow muscles remained in prolonged and inappropriate tension. Clinical examination evidenced the absence of radial artery pulse in the wrist and mild hypothermia in the second and third finger. During surgical exploration two anastomosed brachial arteries were detected in the cubital fossa under the lacertus fibrosus. The lateral superficial brachial artery was occluded. Intraoperative arteriography evidenced brachial artery duplication at the third superior of the arm and normal vascular pattern at the forearm level. In cases of unexplained atypical intermittent upper extremity claudication or acute ischemic symptoms an AES should always be ruled out, particularly when symptoms are exacerbated by strenuous upper extremity activity or when upper limb muscular hypertrophy is evident. In these cases a thorough dynamic clinical and instrumental examination is mandatory to confirm a diagnosis of AES and to avoid possible future ischemic complications.

The role of intracellular calcium perturbations in muscle damage and dysfunction in mouse models of muscular dystrophy

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a neuromuscular disease caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene. DMD is clinically characterized by severe, progressive and irreversible loss of muscle function, in which most patients lose the ability to walk by their early teens and die by their early 20’s. Impaired intracellular calcium (Ca2+) regulation and activation of cell degradation pathways have been proposed as key contributors to DMD disease progression. This dissertation research consists of three studies investigating the role of intracellular Ca2+ in skeletal muscle dysfunction in different mouse models of DMD. Study one evaluated the role of Ca2+-activated enzymes (proteases) that activate protein degradation in excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling failure following repeated contractions in mdx and dystrophin-utrophin null (mdx/utr-/-) mice. Single muscle fibers from mdx/utr-/- mice had greater E-C coupling failure following repeated contractions compared to fibers from mdx mice. Moreover, protease inhibition during these contractions was sufficient to attenuate E-C coupling failure in muscle fibers from both mdx and mdx/utr-/- mice. Study two evaluated the effects of overexpressing the Ca2+ buffering protein sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 1 (SERCA1) in skeletal muscles from mdx and mdx/utr-/- mice. Overall, SERCA1 overexpression decreased muscle damage and protected the muscle from contraction-induced injury in mdx and mdx/utr-/- mice. In study three, the cellular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of SERCA1 overexpression in mdx and mdx/utr-/- mice were investigated. SERCA1 overexpression attenuated calpain activation in mdx muscle only, while partially attenuating the degradation of the calpain target desmin in mdx/utr-/- mice. Additionally, SERCA1 overexpression decreased the SERCA-inhibitory protein sarcolipin in mdx muscle but did not alter levels of Ca2+ regulatory proteins (parvalbumin and calsequestrin) in either dystrophic model. Lastly, SERCA1 overexpression blunted the increase in endoplasmic reticulum stress markers Grp78/BiP in mdx mice and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) in mdx and mdx/utr-/- mice. Overall, findings from the studies presented in this dissertation provide new insight into the role of Ca2+ in muscle dysfunction and damage in different dystrophic mouse models. Further, these findings support the overall strategy for improving intracellular Ca2+ control for the development of novel therapies for DMD.

Best Practice Guidelines on molecular diagnostics in Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophies

Meeting participants: Rosário dos Santos, Porto, Portugal

Little reason to smile as Iannucci lays bare the tension between BBC and Tories.

Studying the impact of Armando Iannucci's McTaggart Lecture on the debate over the future of public service broadcasting in the UK.

Comparación de la evolución en pacientes con diagnóstico de espasmo muscular en región cervical, dorsal y lumbar, atendidos con masaje manual y pacientes tratados con vibroterapia en las edades de 20 a 70 años de ambos sexos, atendidos en el Hospital Nacional de San Francisco Gotera, departamento de Morazán, en el período de julio a septiembre de 2007.

La investigación se realizó en pacientes con diagnóstico de Espasmo Muscular en región Cervical, Dorsal y Lumbar entre las edades de 20 a 70 años de ambos sexos, atendidos en el Hospital Nacional de San Francisco Gotera, en el período de Julio a Septiembre de 2007, con el objetivo de establecer la comparación de la evolución entre los pacientes atendidos con Masaje Manual y los tratados con Vibroterapia. La muestra estuvo constituida por un total de 12 pacientes, la cual se dividió en dos grupos de 6 pacientes cada uno, en donde se atendió a un grupo con Masaje manual y el otro fue tratado con Vibroterapia. El tipo de estudio aplicado fue prospectivo y comparativo, las técnicas de obtención de información empleadas fueron la Documental como la bibliografía y la de Campo como la entrevista; la primera permitió realizar una amplia revisión de libros y diccionarios y la segunda fue destinada a la población en estudio con el fin de obtener información del estado real del paciente.

Efectividad de la aplicación de la técnica de facilitación neuromuscular propioceptiva sub-acuática combinada con fisioterapia en pacientes con debilidad muscular en miembros superiores e inferiores en edades de 30 a 70 años de ambos sexos, atendidos en el área de terapia física del Hospital Militar regional de la ciudad de San Miguel; en el periodo comprendido de julio a septiembre de 2009.

La terapia subacuática se considera una alternativa innovadora para los pacientes con algún déficit en la realización de los movimientos que se ven afectados por algún padecimiento, razón por la cual es necesario de alguna manera aumentar su fuerza que es en si la causa de la debilidad muscular. Es por ello que los ejercicios dentro del agua proporcionan un mayor rendimiento debido a las propiedades físicas de ella, ya que se logra realizar los movimientos con un grado mínimo de dificultad. Es por esta razón que se considera importante la investigación mediante el cual se beneficiaron; los pacientes ya que tuvieron la oportunidad de lograr una máxima funcionabilidad con el aumento de la fuerza muscular y mejorar su calidad de vida. Así como la institución ya que estará aportando una nueva forma de tratamiento. A los profesionales en Fisioterapia y Terapia Ocupacional el estudio permitirá conocer y aplicar una nueva modalidad de tratamiento.