Parasitological and immunological diagnoses of strongyloidiasis in immunocompromised and non-immunocompromised children at Uberlândia, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Parasitological and immunological diagnoses were part of a study conducted among 151 children, 83 immunocompromised (IC) and 68 non-immunocompromised (non-IC) aged from zero to 12, seen at the University Hospital, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, from February, 1996, to June, 1998. Three fecal samples from each child were analyzed for the parasitological diagnosis by Baermann-Moraes and Lutz methods. The immunological diagnosis to detect IgG and IgM antibodies was carried out by the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) with cryo-microtome sections of Strongyloides stercoralis and Strongyloides ratti larvae as antigens and by the ELISA test with an alkaline extract of S. ratti as the antigens. Of the 151 children 5 (3.31%) were infected with larvae of S. stercoralis (2 cases IC, 2.41%, and 3 cases non-IC, 4.41%). The IFAT-IgG detected 7 (8.43%) serum samples positive among IC, and 2 (2.94%) cases among non-IC. The ELISA-IgG test detected 10 (12.05%) serum samples positive among IC, and 1 (1.47%) case among non-IC. The IFAT-IgM detected 6 (7.22%) positive cases among IC, and 3 (4.41%) cases among non-IC. ELISA-IgM test detected 10 (12.05%) positive cases among IC, and 3 (4.41%) cases among non-IC. It was concluded that the immunological tests can help in the diagnosis of strongyloidiasis in immunocompromised children.

Avaliação de impactes urbanísticos do novo aeroporto de Lisboa na península de Setúbal nas

Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Gestão do Território, área de especialização em Planeamento e Ordenamento do

Anti-Taenia solium metacestodes antibodies in serum from blood donors from four cities of Triângulo Mineiro area, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 1995

Serological survey was performed to detect IgG antibodies anti-Taenia solium metacestodes in blood donors of Hemocentro Regional de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil. A total of 1133 sera from blood donors coming from four cities of Triângulo Mineiro area were analyzed by the indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT) and the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Specific IgG antibodies were found in 5.6% of the studied population, showing differences in the positive rates according to their origin: Araguari (13.5%), Tupaciguara (5.0%), Monte Alegre de Minas (4.8%) and Uberlândia (4.7%). The results indicate the probable endemicity of cysticercosis in this population.

Intestinal parasites and commensals among individuals from a landless camping in the rural area of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil

We evaluated the occurrence of intestinal parasites and commensals among children and adults from a landless camping in the rural area of Uberlândia, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, from October to November 2001. Stool samples from 78 individuals were examined by both the Baermann-Moraes and Lutz methods. Fifty-one (65.4%; CI 54.8 - 76.0) individuals were found to be infected, 23 (45.1%) children and 28 (54.9%) adults, of whom 34 (66.7%) were mono-infected, 9 (17.6%) bi-infected, and 8 (15.7%) poly-infected. In conclusion, the high prevalence of intestinal parasites and commensals suggests that parasitological exams should be periodically carried out in addition to the sanitation education and health special care in this population.

Heterologous antigen extract in ELISA for the detection of human IgE anti-Strongyloides stercoralis

Strongyloides ratti larval extract was used for the standardization of ELISA to detect genus-specific IgE in human strongyloidiasis. Forty serum samples from monoinfected patients shedding S. stercoralis larvae (Group I), 40 from patients with other intestinal parasites (Group II), and 40 from copronegative healthy subjects (Group III) were analyzed. Genus-specific IgE levels (ELISA Index: EI) were significantly higher in the group I (EI = 1.43) than groups II (EI = 0.70) and III (EI = 0.71), showing positivity rates of 55%, 2.5% and 0%, respectively. Similarly, sera from copropositive patients had significantly higher levels of total IgE (866 IU/mL) as compared to those from group II (302 IU/mL) and III (143 IU/mL). A significant positive correlation was found between levels of Strongyloides specific-IgE and total IgE in sera from patients with strongyloidiasis. In conclusion, S. ratti heterologous extract showed to be a useful tool for detecting genus-specific IgE by ELISA, contributing for a better characterization of the immune response profile in human strongyloidiasis.

An Execution Model for Fine-Grained Parallelism in Ada

20th International Conference on Reliable Software Technologies - Ada-Europe 2015 (Ada-Europe 2015), 25 to 29, Jun, 2015. Madrid, Spain. Best Paper Award.

Real-Time Fine-Grained Parallelism in Ada

International Real-Time Ada Workshop (IRTAW 2015). 20 to 22, Apr, 2015. Pownal, U.S.A..

Comparative study of the fecundity and fertility of Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818) and Biomphalaria straminea (Dunker, 1848) in a laboratory through self-fertilization and cross-fertilization

The aim of this study was to compare the fecundity and fertility of B. glabrata and B. straminea by cross- and self-fertilization. To attain this objective, laboratory-raised strains of B. glabrata and B. straminea were used. The former originated from natural breeding grounds in the municipality Paulista, state of Pernambuco, Brazil. The latter originated from irrigation ditches in the municipality of Petrolândia, in the same state. Snail populations of B. glabrata and B. straminea were maintained for 240 days in laboratory. Their fecundity was evaluated by noting the number of egg-masses, eggs and eggs per mass. Their fertility was evaluated by the number of viable eggs and the hatching rate. B. straminea was markedly more fecund than B. glabrata through cross- and self-fertilization, namely: greater egg-mass; higher egg production and more eggs per mass. Regarding fertility, there seemed to be no preferential period for occlusion to occur or a trend in the rhythm of producing viable eggs.

Anti-Taenia solium metacestode IgG antibodies in serum samples from inhabitants of a central-western region of Brazil

A total of 354 serum samples from inhabitants who frequent the Clinical Laboratory in Catalão, Goiás, in the central-western region of Brazil, were collected from June to August, 2002. The samples were evaluated by indirect immunofluorescence antibody tests and an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in order to detect anti-Taenia solium metacestode IgG antibodies. Reactive and inconclusive samples were tested by Western blotting (WB). Considering WB as a confirmation, the frequency of antibodies in the serum samples of the above population was 11.3% (CI 5.09 - 17.51). The immunodominant bands most frequently recognized in WB were 64-68 kDa (97.5%) and 47-52 kDa (80%). The percentage of seropositivity to cysticercosis was significantly higher for individuals residing in areas without sewage systems (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, the results indicate a probable endemic situation of cysticercosis in this population. These results reinforce the urgent need for control and prevention measures to be taken by the local public health services.

Lesões músculo-esqueléticas ligadas ao trabalho : que métodos de avaliação do

Entre os contributos etiológicos das principais LMEMSLT observam-se distintas perspectivas fisiopatológicas, diversos factores de risco – determinantes na óptica dos diversos investigadores – assim como díspares suportes conceptuais na elaboração dos métodos de identificação e avaliação do risco de LMEMSLT. A frequente insuficiência de informação e até, eventualmente, a presença de elementos cientificamente pouco robustos (ou mesmo hipotéticos) no procedimento de obtenção dos resultados finais (scores) com cada método de avaliação do risco, julga-se determinar a obtenção de distintos resultados no mesmo posto de trabalho e deu origem à principal questão de investigação: será possível identificar qual o(s) método(s) de avaliação do risco de LMEMSLT mais adequado (s) face à presença de factores de risco no local de trabalho? O presente estudo foi efectuado numa empresa da indústria automóvel e analisou a utilização de uma estratégia gradativa de selecção de instrumentos de identificação de factores de risco e de métodos de avaliação integrada do risco de LMEMSLT, no sentido de contribuir para a efectividade do processo de identificação e avaliação do risco destas lesões em meio industrial. No essencial, utilizou-se uma adaptação da estratégia de avaliação do risco de Malchaire (Malchaire, 1999), analisando os dois primeiros passos, os mais frequentes e que se consideram essenciais: a identificação de factores de risco e a avaliação do risco. Utilizaram-se como ponto de partida as classificações do risco em postos de trabalho onde a aplicação do método OCRA – base do projecto de norma Europeu prEN 1005-5 para a estimativa do risco de LMEMSLT – identificou níveis de risco moderados e/ou elevados (score OCRA ≥ 16,5). Assim analisaram-se postos de trabalho (n=71) classificados pelo método OCRA (Occhipinti, 1998) como de risco de LMEMSLT moderado (n=37) e elevado (n=34). Registou-se em vídeo a actividade de trabalho e analisaram-se os principais factores de risco (postura, força, repetitividade e exposição a vibrações). Aplicaram-se diversos instrumentos: (1) de identificação de factores de risco – filtros HSE (HSE, 2002) e OSHA (Silverstein, 1997) – e (2) de análise do risco – métodos RULA (McAtamney; Corlett, 1993), SI (Moore; Garg, 1995) e HAL (Lakto et al., 1997). Dos resultados globais da aplicação dos referidos filtros e métodos é possível destacar que os resultados dos filtros são no essencial semelhantes, enquanto os métodos apresentam discrepâncias mais evidentes: o método OCRA classificou os 71 postos de trabalho como de risco, o método SI classificou 41 postos com esse nível, o método HAL classificou 35 postos como de risco e o método RULA classificou apenas 26 postos de risco (OCRA-RULA rS=-0,126 n.s.). Apesar disso as relações existentes entre os seus resultados apresentam algumas semelhanças (p<0,001): OCRA-SI rSp=0,520 e OCRA-HAL rSp=0,422. Destaque, igualmente, para as divergências entre os postos classificados de risco elevado com os diversos métodos, isto é, por exemplo de entre os 41 postos com scores de risco da aplicação do método SI apenas se encontram12 postos classificados de risco pelo método RULA. Os resultados dos filtros permitiram no geral identificar a presença ou ausência dos principais factores de risco, apesar de se verificarem distintos resultados de validade preditiva particularmente a nível da postura (HSE=0,75; OSHA=0,57) e da aplicação de força (HSE=0,59; OSHA=0,80). Os resultados dos métodos permitem evidenciar ponderações diversas para os factores de risco analisados, apresentando semelhanças em situações de aplicação de força (OCRA=0,80; SI=0,80; HAL=0,78), de dissemelhanças na análise da presença de posturas extremas (OCRA=0,62; SI=0,68; RULA=0,48) e da repetitividade (OCRA=0,66; SI=0,35; RULA=0,43; HAL=0,39) ou, em oposição, não incluindo na sua avaliação do risco determinados factores de risco, como é o caso da exposição a vibrações (SI, RULA e HAL) ou da avaliação das posturas (HAL). Deste modo, conclui-se pela pertinência da utilização de um filtro que permita a identificação dos factores de risco presentes em cada posto de trabalho e por consequência oriente a selecção do método mais indicado ou ainda, em oposição, do método contra-indicado. Este trabalho, como um contributo para uma efectiva identificação e avaliação do risco de LMEMSLT, alerta para a necessidade de elaboração

Real-Time Support in the Proposal for Fine-Grained Parallelism in Ada

Presented at Work in Progress Session, IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS 2015). 1 to 3, Dec, 2015. San Antonio, U.S.A..

Real-Time Support in the Proposal for Fine-Grained Parallelism in Ada

Presented at Work in Progress Session, IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS 2015). 1 to 3, Dec, 2015. San Antonio, U.S.A..

Seroepidemiological aspects of human Strongyloides stercoralis infections in Chile

To determine the frequency of Strongyloides stercoralis antibodies by means of the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in Chile, in 2001-2003, 675 blood samples of patients of two psychiatric hospitals and 172 of healthy individuals (doctors, nurses and paramedicals) of these institutions, and 1,200 serum samples of blood donors of Northern region (Arica and Antofagasta), Central region (Valparaiso and Santiago) and Southern region (La Union) were collected. ELISA showed positivity of 12.1% in psychiatric hospitalized patients, none (0%) in the health personnel and 0.25% in blood donors (p < 0.05). Only in blood donors of Arica (1%) and La Union (0.5%) the ELISA test was positive suggesting that strongyloidiasis is focalized in determinate zones of the country. In Chile, human infections by S. stercoralis are endemic with very low frequency in apparently healthy individuals and high prevalence in risk groups such as the mentally ill hospitalized patients.

Genotypic identification of Cryptosporidium spp. isolated from hiv-infected patients and immunocompetent children of São Paulo, Brazil

Cryptosporidium isolates identified in fourteen stool samples, collected from five HIV-infected patients and nine immunocompetent children, living in the Sate of São Paulo, Brazil, were submitted to a molecular analysis using a nested PCR followed of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), for genetic characterization. The analysis was based on digestion with RsaI restriction enzyme of a DNA fragment amplified from the Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein (COWP) gene. Based on this analysis, four samples were identified as Cryptosporidium parvum, eight as Cryptosporidium hominis and two presented a profile that correspondedto Cryptosporidium meleagridis when compared to the standards used in the analysis. The use of molecular methods can be helpful to identify source of infections and risk factors related to Cryptosporidium infection in our communities.