A small scale fish meal dryer

A batch type rotary drum dryer for the production of fish meal suitable for operation in the fishing villages of India has been designed, fabricated and operated successfully. The dyer can be used for production of fish meal from whole lean fish or press-cake from fish body oil extraction plants. The time taken to reach a moisture level below 10% is 5-8 hours depending upon the type of material fed into the dryer.

山茶属茶组植物分子系统学初步研究

山茶科植物的叶绿体基因和nrDNA基因分别为母系和双亲遗传，二者的联合分析为系统发育重建，特别是揭示网状进化过程提供了便利条件。茶组(Sect. Thea (L.) Dyer )属山茶科(Theaceae)山茶属(Camellia)，除茶（C. sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze）为广布种外，其余种主要分布在我国云南、广西、贵州和四川等地。自从W. T. Dyer（1874）建立茶组以来，该组作为一个自然类群，不存在大的争议，但是组下系统分类至今在国内外学术界中争议颇多。 本文选择来自于叶绿体的2个DNA片段，通过序列分析对茶组的28个种进行了系统发育重建。主要结果如下： (1) 叶绿体DNA rpS12-rpL20和trnS-G的序列分析 2个叶绿体DNA片段联合分析，将茶组植物分为两大支，部分种之间的系统发育关系得到了分辨。该叶绿体基因的分析结果支持茶组植物为一个单系类群，但与以往将茶组分为子房五室类群和三室类群的观点不相吻合。 (2) 茶组nrDNA ITS区研究结果 选用14个种茶组植物，对其nrDNA ITS区进行序列分析。茶组植物nrDNA ITS区扩增比较困难，且存在种内多态性，因而在测序之前需要对PCR产物进行克隆。

A clinical system for three-dimensional extended-field-of-view ultrasound.

OBJECTIVE: This work is concerned with the creation of three-dimensional (3D) extended-field-of-view ultrasound from a set of volumes acquired using a mechanically swept 3D probe. 3D volumes of ultrasound data can be registered by attaching a position sensor to the probe; this can be an inconvenience in a clinical setting. A position sensor can also cause some misalignment due to patient movement and respiratory motion. We propose a combination of three-degrees-of-freedom image registration and an unobtrusively integrated inertial sensor for measuring orientation. The aim of this research is to produce a reliable and portable ultrasound system that is able to register 3D volumes quickly, making it suitable for clinical use. METHOD: As part of a feasibility study we recruited 28 pregnant females attending for routine obstetric scans to undergo 3D extended-field-of-view ultrasound. A total of 49 data sets were recorded. Each registered data set was assessed for correct alignment of each volume by two independent observers. RESULTS: In 77-83% of the data sets more than four consecutive volumes registered. The successful registration relies on good overlap between volumes and is adversely affected by advancing gestational age and foetal movement. CONCLUSION: The development of reliable 3D extended-field-of-view ultrasound may help ultrasound practitioners to demonstrate the anatomical relation of pathology and provide a convenient way to store data.

Stabilization of a complex perovskite superstructure under ambient conditions: Influence of cation composition and ordering, and evaluation as an SOFC cathode

Ba1.6Ca2.3Y1.1Fe5O13 is an Fe3+ oxide adopting a complex perovskite superstructure, which is an ordered intergrowth between the Ca2Fe2O5 and YBa2Fe3O8 structures featuring octahedral, square pyramidal, and tetrahedral B sites and three distinct A site environments. The distribution of A site cations was evaluated by combined neutron and X-ray powder diffraction. Consistent with the Fe3+ charge state, the material is an antiferromagnetic insulator with a Néel temperature of 480-485 °C and has a relatively low d.c. conductivity of 2.06 S cm-1 at 700 °C. The observed area specific resistance in symmetrical cell cathodes with the samarium-doped ceria electrolyte is 0.87 Ω cm2 at 700 °C, consistent with the square pyramidal Fe3+ layer favoring oxide ion formation and mobility in the oxygen reduction reaction. Density functional theory calculations reveal factors favoring the observed cation ordering and its influence on the electronic structure, in particular the frontier occupied and unoccupied electronic states. © 2010 American Chemical Society.

森林蒸散模型与模拟研究-以长白山阔叶红松林为例

森林蒸散不但是森林水量平衡的重要分量，也是森林热量平衡的重要分量。准确模拟森林蒸散量是森林水文学、森林气象学学科发展的需求，同时也为森林流域水资源、森林生态系统管理及其开发利用提供科学依据。本文以长白山阔叶红松为对象，利用长白山阔叶红松林气象观测塔安装的常规气象梯度观钡（系统、开路涡动相关系统的观测数据，依据空气动力学基本理论与能量平衡方程建立了森林蒸散机理模型（模型a与模型b），并确定了参数：零平面位移高度d以及温度和风速廓线稳定度订正函数φm和φh。同时，对比分析了模型模拟森林蒸散量的精度，结果表明：本文模型a模拟蒸散量的精度为84.06％：模型b的模拟精度为79.47％；空气动力学方法中的Pruitt法、Businger法、Dyer法的模拟精度分别是59.85％、53.81％、52.07％；波文比法模拟精度仅为41.15％。最后，利用MAOS-I型小气候自动观测系统的观测数据以及土壤含水量监测结果，分别应用模型。和水量平衡法对长白山阔叶红松林生长季节（2001年7-9月）的蒸散量进行了模拟与计算。结果表明，模型。得到的森林蒸散总量为268.91mm，水量平衡法获得的结果为288.18mm。两者相差：19.29mm，相对误差为6.7％。

A 10,000 year record of dune activity；dust storms；and severe drought in the central Great Plains

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MIT Scheme Reference Manual

MIT Scheme is an implementation of the Scheme programming language that runs on many popular workstations. The MIT Scheme Reference Manual describes the special forms, procedures, and datatypes provided by the implementation for use by application programmers.

Festival Images: brand image and stakeholders' brand relationship types at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe.

The Edinburgh Festival Fringe (The Fringe) is the largest arts festival in the world and it has inspired the creation of similar festivals world-wide. Since its conception in 1947, the Fringe has demonstrated significant growth in visitor numbers; ticket sales; and its economic contribution. Despite this, the sustainable future of Edinburgh’s festivals is debated as Edinburgh, ‘the Festival City’, faces threats from other festival destinations. Festivals position Edinburgh creatively in contrast to the city’s traditionally perceived image as a cultural-historic centre. Despite this, little research has been undertaken into the creative and cultural significance of Edinburgh’s festivals, including the Fringe. This interdisciplinary research grounded in marketing, tourism, and festival and event management; and underpinned by constructivism, presents an understanding of types of brand relationships that exist between the Fringe and its primary stakeholders. This is achieved through defining both the Fringe brand image and its primary stakeholders; and applying these definitions to the development of a typology of Fringe-stakeholders’ brand relationships. The significance of this study is evident within its topic of inquiry and the research methods applied. In the little-considered arena of arts festivals and their stakeholders, this is the first in-depth study into the Fringe as a festival and festival brand. Within this, the definition of a Fringe brand image contributes to understanding the cultural and creative significance of the Fringe. Furthermore, this research contributes a unique understanding of the types of stakeholders that are engaged with the Fringe. The types of brand relationships that exist between these stakeholders and the Fringe are another significant contribution to knowledge and understanding. While specific to the present context, these findings may prove transferable to further festivals or events, and related areas and industries. The contribution made by this research to the methodological developments in festival and event studies is of additional significance. The application of visual research methods, including semiotic analysis and photo-elicitation within phenomenological interviews, has previously been applied in marketing, consumer, and tourism research, but not to the understanding of festival brands and stakeholders’ brand relationship types. Findings of this research illustrate that existing marketing and consumer brand frameworks and stakeholder theories are applicable to festivals. Further, it is possible to define ‘a’ Fringe brand image which is subjective and contradictory. The unique open-access and organic, operational model of the Fringe facilitates its many contributors, and consumers. Fringe stakeholders may be categorised according to their level of engagement with the Fringe (as primary or secondary) and their particular stakeholder role(s), which are varied and multiple. Fringe-stakeholder brand relationship types are overwhelmingly positive; and are based upon interpersonal relationship dimensions (including friendships, marriages, kinships and partnerships). Fringe-stakeholder brand relationship types can be classified therefore as having similar dimensions to those brand relationship types previously described for consumer products and brands.