Nucleon 3PF2 Superfluid Pairing Gap in Asymmetry Nuclear Matter

The 3PF2 superfluidity of neutron and proton is investigated in isospin-asymmetric nuclear matter within the Brueckner–Hartree–Fock approach and the BCS theory by adopting the Argonne V14 and the Argonne V18 nucleon-nucleon interactions. We find that pairing gaps in the 3PF2 channel predicted by adopting the AV14 interaction are much larger than those by the AV18 interaction. As the isospin-asymmetry increases, the neutron 3PF2 superfluidity is found to increase rapidly, whereas the proton one turns out to decrease and may even vanish at high enough asymmetries.As a consequence, the neutron 3PF2 superfluidity is much stronger than the proton one at high asymmetries and it predominates over the proton one in dense neutron-rich matter.

bridge the gap between software test process and business value: a case study

Chinese Academy of Sciences (ISCAS)

林窗内光照强度的测量方法

林窗内光强存在复杂的时空变化,对植物更新和生长有着重要影响,因此,林窗光照强度的快速测量方法是生态学家十分关注的问题。目前,测量林窗光强的方法可分为3类:(1)直接测量法采用光量子探头等仪器直接测量光强,但测量林窗光强异质性时十分费时费力。(2)模型估测法通过几何计算可快速估测林窗任意位置光强,但模型估测法将林窗简化为圆柱体或椭圆柱体,并忽略了许多林窗光强的影响因素,这极大影响了它的测量精度。(3)相片法采用半球面影像等相片间接计算相片拍摄点的光强,但测量林窗光强异质性时需要在林窗内拍摄大量相片;相片法具有较高精度,可区分直射光和散射光,其中,基于半球面影像的林窗光指数(gap light index)精度最高,使用广泛;基于几何计算的林窗光指数不仅具有较高精度,且可以快速测量林窗任意位置光强,该方法适用于林窗光强水平分布格局、垂直结构以及光组成成分(直射光和散射光)特征研究。

Radiation-use efficiency and the harvest index of winter wheat at different nitrogen levels and their relationships to canopy spectral reflectance

Radiation-use efficiency (RUE, g/MJ) and the harvest index (HI, unitless) are two helpful characteristics in interpreting crop response to environmental and climatic changes. They are also increasingly important for accurate crop yield simulation, but they are affected by various environmental factors. In this study, the RUE and HI of winter wheat and their relationships to canopy spectral reflectance were investigated based on the massive field measurements of five nitrogen (N) treatments. Crop production can be separated into light interception and RUE. The results indicated that during a long period of slow growth from emergence to regreening, the effect of N on crop production mainly showed up in an increased light interception by the canopy. During the period of rapid growth from regreening to maturity, it was present in both light interception and RUE. The temporal variations of RUEAPAR (aboveground biomass produced per unit of photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by the canopy) during the period from regreening to maturity had different patterns corresponding to the N deficiency, N adequacy and N-excess conditions. Moreover, significant relationships were found between the RUEAPAR and the accumulative normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) in the integrated season (R-2 = 0.68), between the HI and the accumulative NDVI after anthesis (R-2 = 0.89), and between the RUEgrain (ratio of grain yield to the total amount of photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by the canopy) and the accumulative NDVI of the whole season (R-2 = 0.89) and that after anthesis (R-2 = 0.94). It suggested that canopy spectral reflectance has the potential to reveal the spatial information of the RUEAPAR, HI and RUEgrain. It is hoped that this information will be useful in improving the accuracy of crop yield simulation in large areas.

Separation of ternary systems of hydrophilic ionic liquid with miscible organic compounds by RPLC with refractive index detection

A rapid and simple analytical method was developed for the simultaneous and quantitative determination and separation of hydrophilic imidazolium ionic liquids (ILs) (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, [C(4)mim]Cl; 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, [C(6)mim]Cl; 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, [C(8)mim]Cl; 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, [Amim]Cl; or 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, [Amim]Br) with miscible ethyl acetate and EtOH and their mixtures using reverse phase liquid chromatography coupled with refractive index detection (RPLC-RI). The influence of 60 to 100% (volume percentage) methanol in the mobile phase on the IL systems ([C(4)mim]Cl, [C(6)mim]Cl, [C(8)mim]Cl, [Amim]Br, or [Amim]Cl)-ethyl acetate-EtOH was investigated.

Band Gap Tunable, Donor-Acceptor-Donor Charge-Transfer Heteroquinoid-Based Chromophores: Near Infrared Photoluminescence and Electroluminescence

A series of D-pi-A-pi-D type of near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent compounds based on benzobis(thia diazole) and its selenium analogues were synthesized and fully characterized by H-1 and C-13 NMR, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. The absorption fluorescence, and electrochemical properties were also studied. Photoluminescence of these chromophores ranges from 900 to 1600 nm and their band gaps are between 1.19 and 0.56 eV.

A reversibly tunable colloidal photonic crystal via the infiltrated solvent liquid-solid phase transition

A reversibly tunable colloidal photonic crystal between two stop bands was realized by a liquid-solid phase transition of liquid infiltrated into the air voids of silica opals. The difference of the peak wavelengths of the two stop bands was dependent on the diameter of the silica opals and the difference of the refractive index of the filled solvent between the solid and liquid state. The reversibly tunable photonic crystals have good stability and reproducibility.

White polymeric light-emitting diodes with high color rendering index

The efficient white polymeric light-emitting diodes based on a white emissive polymer doped with a red phosphorescent dopant were fabricated by spin-coating method. The emission spectrum of the device is broadened to cover the full visible region by doping the red phosphorescent dye and thereby realizes white emission with high color-rendering index (CRI). By controlling the contents of the doped electron-transporting 2-(4-biphenylyl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole and the red phosphorescent dopant, a luminous efficiency as high as 5.3 cd/A and a power efficiency of 3 lm/W were obtained with a CRI of 92.

Tunable photonic crystals by mixed liquids

Tunable photonic crystals were prepared by infiltrating mixed liquids into the voids of silica opals. The stop bands of the tunable photonic crystals were continuously tuned by changing the relative refraction index contrast n(mix)/ns(pheres) of the spheres and the mixed liquids by varying the volume fraction of the component of the mixed liquids. The peak wavelengths of the stop band have a red shift as the refractive index of the mixed liquids increases. The transmittance at the stop band decreases with the increase of the refractive index contrast n(mix)/n(spheres). The larger the diameter of silica opals is, the wider the tunable range of the stop band is. The position and transmittance of the peak wavelength obtained by the photonic band calculations agreed very well with the experimental data.

Study on QSPR of alcohols with a novel edge connectivity index F-m

A novel edge degree f(i) for heteroatom and multiple bonds in molecular graph is derived on the basis of the edge degree delta(e(r)). A novel edge connectivity index F-m is introduced. The multiple linear regression by using the edge connectivity index F-m and alcohol-type parameter delta, alcohol-distance parameter L can provide high-quality QSPR models for the normal boiling points (BPs), molar volumes (MVs), molar refraction (MRs), water solubility(log(1/S)) and octanol/water partition (logP) of alcohols with up to 17 non-hydrogen atoms. The results imply that these physical properties may be expressed as a liner combination of the edge connectivity index and alcohol-type parameter, 6, alcohol-distance parameter, L. For the models of the five properties, the correlation coefficient r and the standard errors are 0.9969,3.022; 0.9993, 1.504; 0.9992, 0.446; 0.9924,0.129 and 0.9973,0.123 for BPs, MVs, MRs, log(1/S) and logP, respectively. The cross-validation by using the leave-one-out method demonstrates the models to be highly reliable from the point of view of statistics.

The influence of muffin-tin approximation on energy band gap

The influence of muffin-tin approximation on energy band gap was studied using LMTO-ASA (Linear Muffin-Tin Orbital-Atomic Sphere Approximation) approach. Since the diverse data are available for LaX(X=N, P, As, Sb), they are presented in our research as an example in order to test the reliability of our results. Four groups of muffin-tin radii were chosen, they were the fitted muffin-tin radii based on the optical properties of the crystals (the first), 1 : 1 for La : X(the second), 1.5 : 1 for La : X(the third), and a group of radii derived by making the charge in the interstitial space to be zero(the fourth). The results show that the fitted muffin-tin radii (the first group) give the best results compared with experimental values, and the predicted energy band gaps are very sensitive to the choice of muffin-tin radius in comparison with the other groups. The second and the third delivered results somewhere in between, while the fourth provided the worst results compared with the other groups. For the same crystal, with the increase of muffin-tin radius of lanthanum, the calculated energy band gaps decreased, going from semi-conductor to semimetal. This again clearly indicated the sensitivity of energy band structure on muffin-tin approximation.