The EU’s Decision-Making Process Changes in the Constitutive Treaties

Since the beginning of its existence in the form of communities, the European Union’s decision-making process underwent constant evolution. There were continuous adjustments that transformed a pure intergovernmental process into one having rather federal features. Based on the hypothesis that changes have occurred at the decision level in regards to the actors, procedures, influence and ways of taking decisions in order for the new realities, needs and will at the European level to be properly addressed, this paper aims to present the reforms performed through the adoption of new treaties and the modification of the existing ones. The reality is that in order for the European dream and integration to go on and also for further development of the European Union, finally becoming an entity far beyond the founders expectations, decision makers had to constantly and carefully adapt the decision-making process. The purpose of this paper will be achieved by conducting a research based on the qualitative method, analyzing the related researches on this topic and the consolidated versions of the treaties. Thus, we will finally validate our research hypothesis that there was an evolution in what the EU’s decision-making process and decision procedures are concerned.

Distribution of Uvigerina proboscidea in Late Neogene sediments of DSDP Hole 22-214 in the northern Indian Ocean (Table 1)

This study attempts to understand the significance of Uvigerina proboscidea in paleoceanographic reconstructions at the northern (tropical) Indian Ocean DSDP Site 214 from the Late Miocene through the Pleistocene. In this interval at this site, U. proboscidea is the most abundant species of the benthic assemblage and shows abrupt frequency changes (about 1-74%). Based on relative percentages of U. proboscidea calibrated with oxygen and carbon isotope record and the sediment accumulation rates, the modern distribution of the species in the Indian Ocean, and other evidence, the peaks of abundance of U. proboscidea are inferred to represent times of high-surface productivity, This productivity is related to intensified trade winds during strong southwest (SW) Indian monsoons, causing widespread upwelling along equatorial divergemce in the Indian Ocean. The sudden increase of U. proboscidea abundance at approximately 8.5-7.5 Ma reflects significant upwelling at the equatorial divergence. This event corresponds to the permanent build-up of West Antarctic ice sheets, and a major increase in SW Indian monsoons related upwelling in the northwestern Indian Ocean. The Chron-6 carbon shift at approximately 6.2 Ma is marked by another peak of abundance, reflecting widespread ocean fertility. The highest abundances of U. proboscidea and highest sediment accumulation rates occur between 5.8 and 5.1 Ma, which coincidies with the greatest development of Antarctic ice sheets and strong southwest monsoons. The higher percentages at 3.2-3.1 Ma, approximately 2.4 Ma, and 1.6 Ma all represent phases of high productivity at the equatorial divergence.

Protective services for adults : a guide to exemplary practice in states providing protective services to adults in OHDS programs /

"Spring 1982."

Federal research, development, and demonstration programs in surface transportation noise /

Issued Feb. 1978.

Caregivers of the frail elderly : a national profile /

Item 491-B-17

Self-care and self-help groups for the elderly : a directory /

Mode of access: Internet.

Extramural training and career opportunities in aging research.

Mode of access: Internet.

Health resources for older women /

Mode of access: Internet.

Hearts & arteries : what scientists are learning about age and the cardiovascular system /

Shipping list no.: 95-0031-P.

Homelessness : programs and the people they serve : findings of the National Survey of Homeless Assistance Providers and Clients : summary /

"December 1999."

The President's fiscal year 1989 budget proposal : how it would affect programs for older Americans : an information paper /

"Serial no. 100-G."

Technology @ your fingertips : a guide to implementing technology solutions for education agencies and institutions.

"NCES 98-293"--P. [4] of cover.

Products available from the National Center for Education Statistics /

Mode of access: Internet.

National Center for Health Statistics : organization and activities 2000-- monitoring the nation's health.

Mode of access: Internet.

Prospects of foreign disposal of domestic agricultural surpluses : a staff study, May, 1956.

Mode of access: Internet.