Formation of a novel type of reverse microemulsion system and its application in synthesis of the nanostructured La0.95Ba0.05MnAl11O19 catalyst

In the study, a novel microemulsion system, consisting of water, iso-propanol and n-butanol, was developed to synthesize the nanostructured La0.95Ba0.05MnAl11O19 catalyst with high surface area and catalytic activity for methane combustion.

东北黑土有机磷的矿化过程研究

用室内恒温控湿培养法和埋袋法研究了不同时间序列下黑土有机磷的矿化过程.结果表明,无论是实验室培养法还是埋袋法,有机磷含量和矿化速率都逐渐下降,累积矿化率逐渐上升.培养法中,两个处理的矿化速率均在1个月时最大,分别为31.67和38.75mg·kg-1·month-1,6个月时累积矿化率和矿化速率分别为7.94%,13.26mg·kg-1·month-1;9.24%,17.99mg·kg-1·month-1.埋袋法中,5个有机物料处理的矿化速率均在1年时最大,分别为55.67、55.65、49.60、19.71和22.52mg·kg-1·month-1,3年时玉米根和小麦根处理的累积矿化率和矿化速率较高(二者3年的累积矿化率约50%,矿化速率约35mg·kg-1·month-1),而大豆根和草根的处理则较低.同时,两种研究方法均表明,有机磷初始含量影响其矿化率和矿化速率,有机磷初始含量愈高,其矿化率和矿化速率就愈高.

多环芳烃降解菌筛选及其降解特性

通过选择性富集培养,从辽河油田稠油污染土壤4号土样中,获得了能以高浓度菲(2000 mg·L-1)为唯一碳源和能源快速生长的优势菌系和优良菌株ZL5.16S rDNA核苷酸序列分析表明,ZL5菌株归类于鞘氨醇单胞菌属.分得的菌系和菌株有较强的降解菲能力,120 h混合菌系降解了投加菲的95.28％,菌株降解了69.24％,但它们对芘的降解能力均较低.外加碳源葡萄糖可提高菌系和菌株的菲、芘降解能力,加量多,提高幅度大,但超过一定量,降解速率开始下降,表现出抑制效应.所以,应用时需控制适宜的浓度.

复边藓在中国的重新发现

Cinclidotus fontinaloides (Hedw ) P Beauv,which was previously collected and reported only once from Tibet in 1859 by Mitten,was rediscovered from Xinjiang (Mt Tianshan),China The description and illustrations of the species based on Chinese collection is presented in details for the first time in China

科尔沁草甸草地放牧和割草条件下土壤种子库研究

研究了科尔沁沙地草甸草地在放牧、割草两种利用方式下的土壤种子库的大小、组成及其与地上植被的关系 .结果表明 ,在自由放牧下 ,土壤种子库密度为 6 15 8± 16 4 7粒·m-2 ,在割草利用下 ,土壤种子库密度为 8312± 2 5 4 0粒·m-2 .放牧干扰下 ,种子库组成以矮小、短命的一年生植物为主 ,其中一二年生植物占 81 6 6 % ,占比例最大的前 4种植物分别为虎尾草 (38 5 5 % )、灰绿藜 (15 4 2 % )、毛马唐 (14 95 % )和狗尾草 (9 83% ) ,多年生植物种子密度仅为 112 9± 30 2粒·m-2 ;割草干扰下 ,一二年生植物占6 8 0 8% ,其中狗尾草占 5 2 7% ;而割草地多年生植物种子密度为 2 6 5 3± 811粒·m-2 放牧地土壤种子库密度与地上植物相关不显著 ;割草地土壤种子库密度与地上植物多度显著相关 (r=0 76 ,P <0 0 1) .放牧地种子库的Shannon Wiener指数、丰富度指数分别为 2 96和 2 98,明显小于割草地的 3 10和 5 0 9,表明自由放牧更易使物种多样性下降 .

外源添加物对秸秆还田土壤中无机氮转化影响

采用室内培养方法,研究秸秆不同还田方式土壤中加入无机氮肥和玉米秸秆对无机氮转化的影响。在田间秸秆不同还田处理的土壤中加入氮肥(硫酸铵)培养,初期土壤NH_4~+-N的含量较高,随着培养时间延长,NH_4~+-N的含量下降,培养15天后NH_4~+-N的含量趋于平衡;而土壤中NO_3~--N含量在培养期间逐渐增加,培养30天后NO_3~--N含量趋于平衡;秸秆不同还田处理土壤中添加秸秆培养,粉碎还田处理的土壤中NH_4~+-N的含量在整个培养过程中处于最低,培养后期覆盖还田和高茬还田的土壤NH_4~+-N的含量略有下降。

Influence of the deposition energy on the composition and thermal cycling behavior of La-2(Zr0.7Ce0.3)(2)O-7 coatings

Lanthanum-zirconium-cerium composite oxide (La-2(Zr0.7Ce0.3)(2)O-7, LZ7C3) coatings were prepared under different conditions by electron beam-physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD). The composition, crystal structure, surface and cross-sectional morphologies, cyclic oxidation behavior of these coatings were studied. Elemental analysis indicates that the coating composition has partially deviated from the stoichiometry of the ingot, and the existence of excess La2O3 is also observed.

White electroluminescence from a single polymer system: Improved performance by means of enhanced efficiency and red-shifted luminescence of the blue-light-emitting species

High-efficiency white electrolurninescence from a single polymer is achieved by enhancing the electroluminescence efficiency and effecting a red-shift in the emission spectrum of the blue emissive species. A single-layer device of the resultant polymer exhibits a higher luminous efficiency than the nonmodified species (12.8 cd A(-1), see figure) and an external quantum efficiency of 5.4 % with CIE coordinates of (0.31,0.36), exemplifying the success of the reported methodology.

The effect of Co-60 gamma-rays on the crystal structure, melting and crystallization behavior of poly(butylene succinate)

The results obtained for poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) after Co-60 gamma-ray irradiation, studied by wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and polarizing optical microscopy (POM), revealed that the degree of crystallinity, melting temperature and enthalpy decreased with increasing irradiation dose, but that the crystal structure of PBS did not vary when compared to non-irradiated PBS. By using Scherrer equation, small changes occurred in the crystal sizes of L-020, L-110 and L-111. The spherulitic morphology of PBS was strongly dependent on irradiation dose and changed significantly at higher irradiation dosages. The crystallization kinetics of PBS indicated that the Avrami exponent (n) for irradiated PBS was reduced to 2.3, when compared to non-irradiated PBS (3.3).