932 resultados para Direito e política, Brasil


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The paper presents a study of fiscal policy and public debt in Brazil from 1994 to 2008. We assert that fiscal policy in Brazil was conducted in accordance with a new macroeconomic model, and that the measures adopted in that framework resulted in the construction of a new fiscal model. The fiscal policy in this new system has the main role of debt sustainability, with a suitable revenue and spending policy, conducted to achieve the goals of a positive public sector primary result.

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Essa coletânea reúne alguns trabalhos apresentados e discutidos no “Encontro internacional participação, democracia e políticas públicas: aproximando agendas e agentes”, realizado na Faculdade de Ciências e Letras da Unesp de Araraquara em abril de 2013. O encontro foi organizado pelo Grupo de Pesquisa Participação, Democracia e Políticas Públicas, formado por docentes e pesquisadores ligados ao Departamento de Antropologia, Política e Filosofia e também ao Departamento de Administração Pública desta faculdade. A proposta do encontro partiu do diagnóstico de ambos os departamentos da necessidade de se ampliar os debates que relacionem as temáticas da participação, das políticas públicas e da democracia no Brasil e na América Latina, no atual contexto de insuficiência das instituições políticas calcadas no âmbito da democracia liberal e de uma notória “crise da representação”. O livro foi dividido em três partes, “Ação coletiva e institucionalização: interfaces socioestatais”, que trata dos processos de institucionalização dos movimentos sociais; “Instituições participativas da teoria à implementação: dilemas e desafios”, sobre estratégias de governança; e “Participação como política e a política da participação: difusão, impactos, poder”, sobre políticas públicas e o trabalho das ONGs nas ações governamentais.

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This research aims to analyze the behavior of the central legislature in five key moments in the institutionalization of defense policy in Brazil: (i) the approval of the first version of the National Defense Policy, (ii) the creation of the Ministry of Defence (iii) the approval of the second version of the National Defense Policy, (iv) the approval of the National Defense Strategy, and (v) the approval of the Supplementary Law No. 136 of 2010 which, among other things, provides for the creation of the Book white National Defense. This process covers the mandates of the government of Fernando Henrique Cardoso and Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (1995-2010). Besides the description of each of the above moments, we discuss the performance of the country on the agenda of regional and international security and are raised the resources available to Congress in order to strengthen their participation in the formulation of defense policy. The approval processes for each of the policies and laws are related to provide a view of the Legislative Power's capacity or not to change matters that in general have been proposed by the Executive Power. Finally, the study identifies how the progress in the participation of the Legislative Power in matters of defense policy was shy, but important because it signifies the increase of representation in popular theme

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Gender relationships focusing on homages to the women of Assis (a town in the center-western region of the state of São Paulo, Brazil) between 1959 and 1994, are discussed. Homages, expressed in monuments, street names, city squares, schools, libraries, Cultural Centers and other places, are based on the activities of women who benefitted the community. They feature lawyers, politicians, journalists, teachers and common citizens that exceeded their personal limitations and conquered a place acknowledged by society (politically invested) so that their names may be inscribed in the city´s public places. However, acknowledgement of female contributions in the construction of the city is not projected at the same pace or speed as that of males who compose the gallery of ‘remembered men’. This fact brings forth the following questions: If the naming of public places were for decades based on gender, what had changed by the end of the 1950s for such a redefinition? What is the true meaning of such homages? Who are these women and what do they represent?

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Pós-graduação em Relações Internacionais (UNESP - UNICAMP - PUC-SP) - FFC

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Pós-graduação em Direito - FCHS

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The implement of Specialized’s Dentistry Centers in Brazil is, on present-day, one of the prime faces of Oral Health Brazilian Political, of which is to amplify and to qualify the specialized’s dentistry services proffer. The aim of this study, done with indirect dates, was to analyze the implantation and geographical distribution of these Centers in Brazil and try to make a relationship between this information and social and oral health factors. The results obtained showed the presence of 339 Centers already implanted in Brazil, homogeneously allocated in 283 cities, by a total of 5.560 brazilian cities, presented in the five Greater Regions. The most of the Centers were presented in large load cities. The data showed Southeast, Central West and Northeast regions with the major percentage of cities carrying Specialized’s Dentistry Centers (7,6%; 6,5%; 6,1%, respectively), while North and South regions present the minor covering taxes (4,0% and 4,5%, respectively). Relation to population’s social and buccal needs, North and Northeast Regions have the most adverse conditions, on the contrary to South, Southeast and Central West Regions who show the best one. Although the finded results were not so expressive, reflecting the brazilian geographical and populational characteristics and the essential development of specialized dentistry services, this initiative presents a real progress over the reorganization of dentistry’s practice.

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Saudada como consequência de um complexo processo de evolução do arcabouço jurídico-institucional brasileiro, a Lei Federal 12.527, denominada Lei de Acesso a Informações, sancionada em 18 de novembro de 2011 e regulamentada no âmbito do Poder Executivo federal pelo Decreto 7.724, de 16 de maio de 2012, atende o pressuposto do direito à informação fixado pela Constituição Federal de 1988. Valores e práticas historicamente construídos podem significar obstáculos e resistências importantes à sua aplicação. Características do próprio texto legal, que vêm à tona quando comparado aos seus congêneres internacionais, também sinalizam possíveis complicadores. Este artigo indica limites que a Lei de Acesso a Informações pode enfrentar à sua consolidação, originários principalmente do campo da cultura político-institucional, que se tornam mais nítidos com o exame de características brasileiras em comparação com outros países que possuem dispositivos semelhantes.

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Education is a basic right of every citizen guaranteed by the Federal Constitution of 1988, so that everyone is able to exercise their civil, political, economic and social. But in Brazil, this right has not yet been effected in all its concreteness and current privatization strategy have brought change to the right to education. Recent research from GREPPE (Group of Studies and Research in Educational Policy) identify different modalities of privatization of basic education, with emphasis on the privatization of supply, management and organization of the pedagogical work through the adoption of private educational systems. This study aimed to identify and discuss how the issue of privatization of education in Brazil is currently being treated in journal articles contained in the database SciELO - Scientific Electronic Library Online. SciELO is an electronic library covering a selected collection of Brazilian scientific journals. The research is qualitative and the same descriptors privatization were used + education

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Educação - IBRC

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Pós-graduação em Educação - IBRC