967 resultados para Deixar de fumar


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Pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento Animal - FCAV

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Pós-graduação em Letras - FCLAS

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Staphylococcus are not usually studied in the oral cavity, when this happens, they are considered to belong to transitory microflora. Individuals that present periodontal disease represent possibles reservoirs of these opportunist bacteria in the oral cavity. The use of antibiotics whether for treatment of periodontal disease or due to hospital infections, may predispose the increase of the Staphylococcus spp. in the oral cavity because they easily become resistant to antibiotics, resulting in superinfection. The study was made with 88 patients, minimum age- 25 years old, presenting chronical periodontitis, with, at least, two sites having a probing pocket bigger or equal to 5mm. After anamnese and clinical periodontal examination samples were taken from the periodontal pocket using paper cones and from the oral cavity using mouth rinse. Of the total patients 37,50% presented Staphylococcus spp. in the periodontal pocket and 61,36% in lhe oral cavity; 27,27% presented bacteria in the two sites, not necessarily of the same specie. S. epidermidis was the most prevailing specie in periodontal pocket (15,9%) and oral cavity (27,27%). Positive for S. aureus in the periodontal pocket were 4,5% and for the oral cavity 25%, and 3,4% were positive for the two sites. There was not found significative statistical difference referring to the presence of the microorganisms as to age, smoking habit and increase of the probing depth. The majority of the isolated Staphylococcus samples showed resistance to the tested antibiotics, indicating that the drugs as an adjunct to periodontal therapy, must be seen with caution

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Pós-graduação em Matemática em Rede Nacional - IBILCE

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Pós-graduação em Letras - FCLAS

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Introduction: Smoking is considered by World Health Organisation (WHO) a disease, since nicotine is addictive and cause physical, emotional and behavioral disorders in people who smoke. The objective of this study was to evaluate the concentrated attention and memory in smokers and nonsmokers, and the influence of one cigarette in this variables. Material and Methods: We selected two groups of subjects between 18 and 25 years, with no history of acute or chronic respiratory disease. Group 1 (G1) consist of 40 nonsmoking individuals and group 2 (G2) 40 smokers (who smoked less than 20 cigarettes per day, for up to 10 years). The subjects were tested for concentrated attention and memory test (AC Test), nonsmokers performed the test once, smokers performed the test twice, before smoking and after five minutes after smoking one cigarette. Smokers stayed without cigarret for one our before the first test. Results: Comparing the tests nonsmokers versus smokers first test, there was no significant difference (p> 0.05), however, the analysis of the two trials of smokers, showed improvement in concentrated attention and memory after smoke (p <0.0001). Conclusions: There was no difference in Concentrated Attention and Memory among nonsmokers and smokers in abstinence, however smokers showed significant improvement in AC Test after smoking.

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In Brazil, smoking incidence varies between 9.5% and 21.2% and it is more common among men. In college students incidence can reach 14% depending on the region, which is quite disturbing. Joining college is a crucial period for the commencement or maintenance of smoking. The Knowledge among college students about tobacco use is critical to devise strategies for intervention in this population. The objectives were to establish the occurrence of smoking and risk factors, nicotine dependence in college students and college goers. We interviewed students, teachers and administrative personnel from the Philosophy and Science School at UNESP at Marilia, from both sexes, regardless their age, which visited the First Week Against Tobacco event. The sociodemographic data, smoking status, time as a smoker, cigarettes smoked, date when they started smoking, history of smoking in the family, friends or associates were questioned. We also assessed the degree of motivation to quit smoking and the degree of nicotine dependence. Data were presented using descriptive statistics. Comparisons between categorical variables were made using the chi-square test (p <0.05). A total of 432 people, 180 men and 252 women, average aged 22.6 ± 6.9 years were researched. From the volunteers studied, 267 (61.8) had tried cigarettes and 171 of them (64%) reported that they were offered by friends. As a whole, 79 (18.3%) of these people were smokers, 52 (65.8%) reported intending to quit smoking and in 37 of them (46.8%), the degree of nicotine dependence was very low. Of all the smokers, 63 had smokers in the family and all of them had friends who smoked. 28.9% of all men were smokers and 10.7%of all women. The occurrence of smoking was 18.3% and the risk factor associated to smoking habit is related to friendship and family, and very low nicotine dependence.

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Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FCLAR

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The aim was to reflect what action to prevent accidents used by caregivers / participants in the home. This is a prospecive cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at the Pediatric Inpatient Unit, Hospital of the Medical School of Botucatu – Unesp, during the months from May to August 2010.A questionnaire was used in the form of check list (Annex I) on measures to prevent accidents. The participant chose two alternatives taking into consideration the order of priority in the prevention of accidents. This study shows that for the age group from 29 days to 2 years, the companions chose these preventive measures for falls, burns, poisoning and drowning, “do not put near the windows mobile” (27.8%), “no access the match, lighter and appliances (22.2%), leave toxic substances out of reach and sight of children (41.7%) and empty buckets, tubs and pools after use (27.8% ). Regarding the age group 2-6 years, the measures for these types of accidents were not put near the windows mobile (26.5%), do not have access to matches, lighters and household appliances (20.9% ), leave toxic products out of reach and sight of children (27.9%) and maintain tanks, tanks and wells or struck with some protection (20.2%). For ages 6 to 10 years, the measures chosen to more such accidents were dry liquid spilled on the ground (23.5%), do not have access to matches, lighters and household appliances (22.5% ), leave toxic products out of reach and sight of children (31%) and keep tanks, tanks and wells or struck with some protection (23.5%). One fact that attracted our attention was that the preventive measures most frequently used by caregivers, regardless of age, show results that differ in few alternatives. It is essential to the understanding of the escorts / participants on the importance of injury prevention. Even today is predominantly defined as accident, injury must be addressed through measures

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O transporte mucociliar é um mecanismo de defesa muito importante do trato respiratório, e é por meio deste que agentes agressores são carregados e expelidos. As substâncias presentes na fumaça do cigarro provocam mudanças no sistema respiratório, incluindo no transporte mucociliar. Objetivos: Avaliar o efeito agudo do fumo no transporte mucociliar de indivíduos tabagistas em diferentes momentos e comparar com grupo controle. Métodos: Foram avaliados 20 tabagistas (10 homens; 46 ± 13 anos; 26 ± 22 anos/maço; 19 ± 10 cigarros/dia) em quatro momentos: após 12 horas de abstinência, imediatamente, 20 minutos e 2 horas após fumar. No primeiro momento foram obtidos dados pessoais, história tabágica (anos/maço, cigarros/dia e grau de dependência de nicotina), e após 12 horas em abstinência do tabaco foi realizado o teste de função pulmonar (espirometria), quantificação do monóxido de carbono no ar exalado (COex) e mensuração do tempo de trânsito de sacarina (TTS) ...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

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Como a busca por vitórias se torna cada vez mais difícil no esporte coletivo, qualquer vantagem é vista como um diferencial em cada partida. Além da vantagem física e tática, que seriam os mais tradicionais, os treinadores buscam outros meios como vantagem psicológica ou jogar com o mando de campo, que para muitos não passa de ter a torcida a favor, mas para os jogadores e treinadores a torcida tem papel importante de incentivar e para os adversários os deixar nervosos, também não se esquecendo da vantagem de conhecer e treinar no local do jogo alem de poupar os atletas do desgaste de viagens. Este trabalho visa verificar como o mando de campo interfere nos atletas de futsal, alem de como as variadas torcidas influenciam os jogadores durante a partida e como os atletas vêem seus companheiros de time. Foi realizado uma pesquisa bibliográfica e de campo, pela técnica de questionário fechado, que possibilitou a compreensão do fato em estudo, ampliando nossa visão. No decorrer de nosso estudo constatamos que de maneira geral jogar em casa é fator determinante para o resultado final da partida, o que menos motiva os atletas é a possibilidade do juiz ser influenciado pela torcida local e que o grupo masculino é mais fácil de ser motivado do que o grupo feminino. Com os resultados obtidos o treinador passa a conhecer melhor seus jogadores, podendo assim, talvez, escalar o time melhor em momentos difíceis.

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Baseado nas evidencias atuais de crescimento e expansão da atuação profissional do educador físico, em particular a sua atuação como prestador de serviços, ou seja, o personal trainer; que vende seus serviços, ou produtos relacionados à aptidão física e a relação promissora desta atuação, é que nos motivou a desenvolver este trabalho que segue por uma pesquisa bibliográfica de evidencias do histórico e perfil do personal trainer quanto aos conceitos culturais, sociais e psicológicos deste profissional, em seguida levantamos questões relacionadas à formação acadêmica do personal trainer e os pontos diferenciais deste profissional. Tais como a necessidade de conhecimentos que vão alem do âmbito acadêmico, pois se trata de um profissional prestador de serviços o que foge da regularidade da formação convencional. Portanto neste trabalho procuramos evidenciar estas e outras questões (como ética e profissionalismo), que podem levar este profissional a uma carreira de sucesso ou fracasso. Para isso existe uma necessidade fundamental de que se entenda que o personal trainer como prestador de serviços esta surgindo dentro de uma profissão já consolidada (Educador Físico), porem esta assumindo características próprias, como a necessidade de conhecimentos específicos da profissão. Concluímos, portanto que esta promissora atuação do educador físico necessita de atenções especiais e de um processo de formação diferenciado e que não podemos deixar que a nossa profissão se vulgarize e se venda por migalhas, pois esta é a grande chance do profissional se impor e conquistar o desejado respeito diante as profissões da área da saúde

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The semidecidual forests, as tropical forests, presents zoochoric dispersal syndrome in the most of their plant species, with approximately one third of frugivorous species responsible for the seeds dispersal are birds. The bills width is a limiting factor, it must be equal or bigger than the seeds width, because the viable seeds dispersal depends on leaving the digestive system after been swallowed hole. Birds and plants inventorys were realized in a semidecidual Forest fragment, in Botucatu – SP, called Mata da Bica. After this, the birds consumers of fuits/seeds were selected (frugivorous, granivorous and onivorous) and also the zoochoric plants, both for building a possibilities matrix, to verify the potential seed dispersers according to the seeds and bills width. Going to the matrix end we can observe a decrease in the interaction possibillities, because the seeds width increases and the bills width decreases. It has been observed that 50,7% seeds could be dispersed by all listed birds, because the seeds were narrower than the narrowest bill. In the other way large seeded species, as Holocalix balansae and Hymemaea courbaril has shown only two possible dispersers: Trogon surrucura and Piaya cayana. There are no possible dispersers to Syagrus oleraceae in the matrix. The need for large birds or other animals that works as large seed disperses demand conservation efforts, since most of these animals need big and conserved areas for their life habits