The English novel in the time of Shakespeare

The rise of the English novel needs rethinking after it has been confined to the "formal realism" of Defoe, Richardson, and Fielding (Watt, 1957), to "antecedents, forerunners" (Schlauch, 1968; Klein, 1970) or to mere "prose fiction" (McKillop, 1951; Davis, Richetti, 1969; Fish, 1971; Salzman, 1985; Kroll, 1998). My paper updates a book by Jusserand under the same title (1890) by proving that the social and moral history of the long prose genre admits no strict separation of "novel" and "romance", as both concepts are intertwined in most fiction (Cuddon, Preston, 1999; Mayer, 2000). The rise of the novel, seen in its European context, mainly in France and Spain (Kirsch, 1986), and equally in England, was due to the melting of the nobility and high bourgeoisie into a "meritocracy", or to its failure, to become the new bearer of the national culture, around 1600. (Brink, 1998). My paper will concentrate on Euphues (1578), a negative romance, Euphues and His England (1580), a novel of manners, both by Lyly; Arcadia (1590-93) by Sidney, a political roman à clef in the disguise of a Greek pastoral romance; The Unfortunate Traveller (1594) by Nashe, the first English picaresque novel, and on Jack of Newbury (1596-97) by Deloney, the first English bourgeois novel. My analysis of the central values in these novels will prove a transition from the aristocratic cardinal virtues of WISDOM, JUSTICE, COURAGE, and HONOUR to the bourgeois values of CLEVERNESS, FAIR PLAY, INDUSTRY, and VIRGINITY. A similar change took place from the Christian virtues of LOVE, FAITH, HOPE to business values like SERVICE, TRUST, and OPTIMISM. Thus, the legacy of history proves that the main concepts of the novel of manners, of political romance, of picaresque and middle-class fiction were all developed in the time of Shakespeare.

Off to new shores

In the last years, the main orientation of Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) has turned from mathematics towards computer science. This article provides a review of this new orientation and analyzes why and how FCA and computer science attracted each other. It discusses FCA as a knowledge representation formalism using five knowledge representation principles provided by Davis, Shrobe, and Szolovits [DSS93]. It then studies how and why mathematics-based researchers got attracted by computer science. We will argue for continuing this trend by integrating the two research areas FCA and Ontology Engineering. The second part of the article discusses three lines of research which witness the new orientation of Formal Concept Analysis: FCA as a conceptual clustering technique and its application for supporting the merging of ontologies; the efficient computation of association rules and the structuring of the results; and the visualization and management of conceptual hierarchies and ontologies including its application in an email management system.

Beschreibende Statistik mit Fathom

Das vorliegende Dokument ist in einem Gemeinschaftsprojekt der Universität Kassel und der Elisabeth-Knipping-Schule Kassel entstanden. Im Rahmen der fachbezogenen schulpraktischen Stu-dien für das Fach Mathematik ist eine Unterrichtsreihe zur Beschreibenden Statistik mit Softwareein-satz für die Fachoberschule Klasse 11 entwickelt und umgesetzt worden. Dieses Dokument fasst Ideen, Materialien und didaktische Kommentare der durchgeführten Unterrichtsreihe in aufbereiteter Form zusammen. Viele der konzeptionellen Ansätze und Unterrichtsideen beruhen auf Vorarbeiten der Kassel-Paderborner Arbeitsgruppe „Interaktive Stochastik mit FATHOM“ von Prof. Dr. Rolf Biehler, Fakultät EIM, Universität Paderborn (bis 28.02.2009 Universität Kassel). Der Fokus dieser Arbeit liegt darin, Schülern der Fachoberschule die Erfahrung eines komplet-ten statistischen Untersuchungsprozesses mit Softwareeinsatz zu ermöglichen. Die Werkzeugsoftware FATHOM wurde 2006 ins Deutsche adaptiert. Seit 2008 ist eine multimediale Lernumgebung für diese Software verfügbar, die durch Tobias Hofmann, Mitglied der Arbeitsgruppe, entwickelt wurde. Im Vorfeld der Unterrichtsreihe erheben die Schüler Daten durch eine Online-Umfrage, für deren Inhalte sie mit verantwortlich sind. Zu Beginn der Unterrichtsreihe erwerben die Schüler über sechs Doppelstunden hinweg grundlegende Kenntnisse in der Datenanalyse mit der Werkzeugsoftware FATHOM anhand von Beispieldatensätzen. Dabei geht der Erwerb händischer Kompetenzen in der Datenanalyse einher mit dem Erlernen der Datendarstellung und Datenauswertung mit FATHOM. In der sich anschließenden Projektphase analysieren die Schüler in Gruppenarbeit die von ihnen erhobenen Daten. Sie lernen selbstständig Fragen zu formulieren und entsprechende Hypothesen aufzustellen sowie erhobene Daten sinnvoll darzustellen und geeignet auszuwerten. Aufgrund ihrer Analyse sollten Schüler in der Lage sein, eigenständig Antworten auf ihre eingangs gestellten Fragen und Hypothesen zu formulieren. Für das Vorstellen ihrer Datenanalyse erstellen die Schüler eine Präsentation mit einer dafür geeigneten Software. Sie lernen dabei auch das Kommunizieren und Argumentieren vor der eigenen Lerngruppe. Für jede Unterrichtseinheit in dieser Unterrichtsreihe gibt es einen Steckbrief, der den Inhalt des Unterrichts und die verfügbaren Materialien in Stichworten enthält. Desweiteren wird in jede Un-terrichtseinheit durch einen Didaktischen Kommentar eingeführt, der die grundlegende didaktische Idee charakterisiert und einen möglichen Ablauf der jeweiligen Unterrichtseinheit skizziert. Alle Mate-rialien, wie Arbeitsblätter, Folien, Übungen, Lösungen, Datensätze, Präsentationen, Projekte, Tests und Klausuren, sind im Ordner Materialien verfügbar.

Climate-Adaptive Community Water Management for Food Security: Experiences from the UNDP Community Water Initiative

Facing the double menace of climate change threats and water crisis, poor communities have now encountered ever more severe challenges in ensuring agricultural productivity and food security. Communities hence have to manage these challenges by adopting a comprehensive approach that not only enhances water resource management, but also adapts agricultural activities to climate variability. Implemented by the Global Environment Facility’s Small Grants Programme, the Community Water Initiative (CWI) has adopted a distinctive approach to support demand-driven, innovative, low cost and community-based water resource management for food security. Experiences from CWI showed that a comprehensive, locally adapted approach that integrates water resources management, poverty reduction, climate adaptation and community empowerment provides a good model for sustainable development in poor rural areas.

Planning Urban Food Production into Today's Cities

If cities are to become more sustainable and resilient to change it is likely that they will have to engage with food at increasingly localised levels, in order to reduce their dependency on global systems. With 87 percent of people in developed regions estimated to be living in cities by 2050 it can be assumed that the majority of this localised production will occur in and around cities. As part of a 12 month engagement, Queen’s University Belfast designed and implemented an elevated aquaponic food system spanning the top internal floor and exterior roof space of a disused mill in Manchester, England. The experimental aquaponic system was developed to explore the possibilities and difficulties associated with integrating food production with existing buildings. This paper utilises empirical research regarding crop growth from the elevated aquaponic system and extrapolates the findings across a whole city. The resulting research enables the agricultural productive capacity of today’s cities to be estimated and a framework of implementation to be proposed.

Propiedades psicométricas del Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) en población infantil y adolescente española.

Resumen tomado de la publicación

Lecture 1: The Pioneers and History (pre-WWW)

A Powerpoint file for a Lecture on the development of the world wide web. Intended for lecturers and undergraduates. Produced by Hugh Davis, ECS for a 3rd year Module.

EdShare presentation January 2008

Powerpoint presentation given at the JISC Institutional Exemplars meeting, Woburn House 29 January 2008. Meeting attended by all 5 of the Institutional Exemplars bids. For EdShare: Hugh Davis, Les Carr, Jessie Hey and Debra Morris.

EdShare: Sharing for learning and teaching

A powerpoint presentation given by Hugh Davis and Debra Morris at the University of Southampton Learning and Teaching Week event 2 April 2008.

COMP3016 Web Technology - Strand 3 "History" Lecture 1

Lecture 1: The Pioneers and History of Hypertext (pre-WWW) Contains Powerpoint Lecture slides and Hypertext Research Papers: Bush: As We may Think; Engelbart: NLS and A Framework for Augmenting Human Intelligence; Nelson: Xanalogical Structure; Conklin: A Survey of Hypertext; Halasz 1987: Reflections on NoteCards: Seven Issues for the Next Generation of Hypermedia Systems; Berners-Lee 1994 The World-Wide Web.

COMP3016 Web Technology - Strand 3 "History" Lecture 2

Lecture 1: Contributions of Pre WWW Research: Open Hypermedia Systems Contains Powerpoint Lecture slides and Hypertext Research Papers: Industrial Strength Hypermedia: Requirements for a Large Engineering Enterprise (Malcolm et al. 1991); Towards An Integrated Information Environment With Open Hypermedia Systems (Davis et al. 1992); Unifying Strategies for Web Augmentation (Bouvin 1999); Hyper-G (Adapted from Lowe and Hall); OHP:A Draft Proposal for a Standard Open Hypermedia Protocol (Davis et al. 1996); XML Linking (DeRose 99)

COMP3016 Web Technology - Strand 3 "History" Lecture 3

Lecture 3: Contributions of Pre WWW Research: Spatial Hypertext and Temporal Hypertext Contains Powerpoint Lecture slides and Hypertext Research Papers: Spatial [SPATIAL] VIKI: spatial hypertext supporting emergent structure (Marshall, 94); Towards Geo-Spatial Hypermedia: Concepts and Prototype Implementation, (Gronbaek et al. 2002); Cyber Geography and Better Search Engines; [TEMPORAL] Anticipating SMIL 2.0: The Developing Cooperative Infrastructure for Multimedia on the Web (Rutledge 1999); Its About Time: Link Streams as Continuous Metadata (Page et al., 2001); Everything You Wanted to Know About MPEG-7:Part 1 (Nack & Lindsay 1999)

COMP3016 Web Technology - Strand 3 "History" Lecture 4

Lecture 4: Ontological Hypertext and the Semantic Web Contains Powerpoint Lecture slides and Hypertext Research Papers: Conceptual linking: Ontology-based Open Hypermedia (Carr et al. 2001); CS AKTiveSpace: Building a Semantic Web Application (Glaser et al., 2004); The Semantic Web Revisited (Shadbolt, Hall and Berners-Lee, 2006); Mind the Semantic Gap (Millard et al., 2005).

COMP3016 Web Technology - Strand 3 "History" Lecture 5

Lecture 5: Web 2.0 and Social Hypertext Contains Powerpoint Lecture slides and Hypertext Research Papers: What Is Web 2.0 Design Patterns and Business Models for the Next Generation of Software . Tim O'Reilly (2005); Web 2.0: Hypertext by Any Other Name? (Millard & Ross, 2006)