Sistemas de liberação de fármaco intrabolsa periodontal

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Ontogênese, estresse e dependência de substâncias psicoativas

O estudo da dependência de substâncias psicoativas apresentou grandes avanços conceituais nas últimas décadas. A evolução dos conceitos foi paralela às evidências científicas que têm revelado os aspectos comportamentais e os mecanismos neurais envolvidos nesse fenômeno. Contudo, um grande desafio que permanece na pesquisa sobre a dependência de substâncias psicoativas é a identificação de quais fatores são responsáveis pela transição do uso controlado para o uso compulsivo. Está demonstrado que muitas variáveis interagem para influenciar a probabilidade de que qualquer indivíduo inicie o uso abusivo de substâncias psicoativas ou se torne dependente. Nos últimos anos, o estresse tem sido destacado como um fator importante na iniciação, manutenção e recaída da utilização de substâncias psicoativas. Neste trabalho analisamos os conceitos e teorias da farmacodependência e as principais evidências comportamentais pré-clínicas que demonstram a relação entre estresse e a vulnerabilidade ao abuso e dependência de psicoestimulantes.

Effect of cosurfactant on the supramolecular structure and physicochemical properties of non-ionic biocompatible microemulsions

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Escravidão na Vila do Príncipe, província do Rio Grande do Norte (1850/1888)

This dissertation presents a study on the slave population of Vila do Príncipe, from 1850 to 1888, based on the judicial and notarial collection of hand written documents as well as on the Reports of Presidents of the Province of Rio Grande do Norte. The issue that drives the research relates to the reproduction of slavery in a region of cattle breeding colonization. Therefore, the research aims to understand how in a peripheral socio-economic place (in Vila do Príncipe, cattle breeding Seridó) after the prohibition of the African slave trade, the slave relationships subsisted and structured themselves. In the sense, the research analyzed the dynamics of socio-economic slave units and their relationship with space, ownership structure and the slave family.

Mundo de medo: inquisição e cristãos-novos nos espaços coloniais capitanias de Pernambuco, Itamaracá e Paraíba (1593-1595)

Founded in 1536, the Court of the Holy Office of the Portuguese Inquisition was established as an ecclesiastical institution, but at the same time subordinate to the real powers. Among the main victims of persecution effected by the Holy Office, were the New Christians - Jews forcibly converted in 1497 or their descendants - that due to their socio-religious were repeatedly accused of heresy. This paper conducted a survey that sought to understand the historical performance of the Inquisition in Brazil in the sixteenth century on the New Christians, especially those accused of secretly retaining the religious customs of the Mosaic law, given the investigative and punitive procedures employed by the Inquisition as part of a set of actions that produce social insecurities and producers / broadcasters of fear in the populations under scrutiny. In this sense, the approach was based on the analysis of documents produced on the first visit of inspection performed in Brazil inquisitorial sixteenth century, concerning the captaincy of Pernambuco and Paraiba Itamaracá (1593-1595), not excluding, however, the sources of the first stage of visitation that occurred between 1591-1593 in the province of Bahia de Todos os Santos, even though its use is ancillary and punctual. The objective of this research was to understand the consequences of inquisitorial procedures generated on the imaginary, and the Inquisition, using the expressions and signs of fears relating to individuals contained in the New Christian complaints to the Holy Office as documentary evidence of the fear caused by the Holy Tribunal. The adoption of specific behaviors by the New Christians in the home - these spaces are appropriate and adapted to the detriment of the religious practices of Judaism features - characterizes the spatial perspective of the study, thus indicating a further objective of the study: to understand how the New Christians experienced domestic spaces in a historical context marked by behavioral surveillance generally considered morally condemned and suspected of heresy. The research was conducted to analyze the complaints and quantitative survey of some indices of documentation for the understanding of overall charges and how individuals New Christians were concerned with the domestic space, using them to maintain criptojudaica religiosity, transformed places housing often esnogas, makeshift synagogue for meetings and celebrations of Judaizing New Christians. The formulations of Michel de Certeau on appropriations and meanings of space - presented by the author in the metaphor of "practice areas" - were integrated into the workforce in order to understand the ways in which the New Christians appropriated the colonial houses, designed these spaces a very specific language in the Crypto, in which women are prominent figures. The works of Jean Delumeau and Bartholomé Benassar integrate the discussion of the Inquisition and the sensibilities of fear in the work performed. The analysis allowed the documentation to understand the meaning and the extent related to the general fear that the Inquisition represented. Some complaints are indicative of fears that can be perceived implicitly based on behaviors and attitudes adopted by the New Christians, others, however, are direct expressions of fear caused by allusion or initiative of the actions of the Inquisition in colonial Brazil in the sixteenth century

Escravos em ação na Comarca do Príncipe - Província do Rio Grande do Norte (1870-1888)

The aim of this research is to study the actions of slaves in Comarca do Príncipe, Rio Grande do Norte (1870/1888). Considering the space as a relevant category in the subservient relationship, we investigate how negotiations about the captivity conditions and freedom took place in the domain of this province. The slaves are considered as subjects, who fought for better living conditions in the captivity and who sometimes practiced criminal offenses to achieve freedom. To analyze their actions in the socio-economic environment of the province, we resort to different types of sources. They are: civil and criminal processes, reports from the president of Rio Grande do Norte, the census of 1872, a newspaper called O Assuente, the Livro do Fundo de Emancipação do Município de Príncipe (1873-1886) (The Emancipation Book of Príncipe city) and Imperial Laws. We used the following steps to analyze the data obtained from these sources: the compilation, reading, paleographic transcription, classification of the data according to the thematic, analysis and comparison of information and statistic quantification, submitting empirical data to the discussion built according to the historiographies debates about this subject

Um lugar para chamar de "meu" :estudo sobre relação afetiva com o lugar de moradores da praia de Pipa-RN

The chores and the daily physical and social demands make us feel more and more the need to be in a familiar and restoring environment, with which we frequently establish emotional bonds. The interaction with places for resting and leisure, exemplified in the Environmental Psychology literature as recreational and home environments, allow us to exercise our potentials and to strengthen our (personal and collective) identity. Bearing this in mind, this dissertation has as aim to study the relation of affection between the place and the inhabitants of the community of Pipa-RN, which has turned from fishermen s village into tourist destination, bringing with it many changes to the local population. To accomplish that, we made use of behavioral observations, interviews, and graphic and photographic documentation with 30 subjects selected through a network of indications, attending to the criterion loving Pipa . After analysis and systematization of the answers, we identified three super-categories: 1) Love, characterized by the strong representation that an environment has upon an individual without, necessarily, there being an affective link, allowing it to be nurtured from a distance and dissociated from the desire to be present; 2) Attachment, demonstrated by the difficulty in leaving the place, a bond that can be mediated by personal financial investments or expectation of future benefits; 3) Affiliation, which refers to the feeling of belonging to the place and its community, sharing its history, culture, habits, etc., independent from the place of birth. These super-categories are not exclusive, on the contrary, they can form combinations which we denominate as situations, that could vary from 01 (individual involved with none of the three) to 07 (individual involved with the three); there wasn t the combination between Attachment and Affiliation. These results showed that within the framework of relations of affection with the place, there are countless possibilities of interaction individual-environment, determined by the physicalenvironmental characteristics and by the assessment that each individual makes of it. With this small contribution to the theme, we hope to enlighten the perspectives for future research, especially involving the relation of affection for places and the adoption of proenvironmental conducts, as a question of preservation of the ecosystems and of the quality of life of the inhabitants

Debates sobre educação feminina no século XIX: Nísia Floresta e Maria Amália Vaz de Carvalho

L'article discute la structure discoursive de deux oeuvres qui représentent des voix féminines en défense de l'éducation et du travail des femmes et qui ont eu quelque répercussion au Brésil au XIXe siècle : Opúsculo humanitário (1853), de la brésilienne Nísia Floresta (1809 ou 1810-1885), et Mulheres e crianças (1880), de la portugaise Maria Amália Vaz de Carvalho (1847-1921). Nous avons essayé d'identifier à qui les textes étaient adressés et comment ils justifiaient le droit d'auteur et l'érudition féminine à un moment où la traditionnelle interdiction du mot public et de la presse aux femmes commençait à être questionnée.

Estudos de avaliação quantitativa e qualitativa de linguagens documentárias: uma síntese bibliográfica

Este estudo apresenta uma síntese bibliográfica sobre as metodologias de avaliação que foram propostas por pesquisadores internacionais e nacionais e utilizadas por indexadores de instituições de ensino e/ou pesquisas atuantes em unidades de informação e/ou centros de documentação, bem como aquelas que foram analisadas pelas opiniões dos próprios usuários da informação registrada e disponibilizada em inúmeros sistemas de informações, com enfoques nas abordagens quantitativa, qualitativa e qualitativa/cognitiva, respectivamente.

Visual IMML: um perfil UML para a modelagem de interfaces de usuário

The software development processes proposed by the most recent approaches in Software Engineering make use old models. UML was proposed as the standard language for modeling. The user interface is an important part of the software and has a fundamental importance to improve its usability. Unfortunately the standard UML does not offer appropriate resources to model user interfaces. Some proposals have already been proposed to solve this problem: some authors have been using models in the development of interfaces (Model Based Development) and some proposals to extend UML have been elaborated. But none of them considers the theoretical perspective presented by the semiotic engineering, that considers that, through the system, the designer should be able to communicate to the user what he can do, and how to use the system itself. This work presents Visual IMML, an UML Profile that emphasizes the aspects of the semiotic engineering. This Profile is based on IMML, that is a declarative textual language. The Visual IMML is a proposal that aims to improve the specification process by using a visual modeling (using diagrams) language. It proposes a new set of modeling elements (stereotypes) specifically designed to the specification and documentation of user interfaces, considering the aspects of communication, interaction and functionality in an integrated manner

Especificação do micronúcleo FreeRTOS utilizando o método B

This paper presents a contribution to the international Verified Software Repository effort through the formal specification of the microkernel FreeRTOS real-time system. Such specification was made in abstract level making use of the B method . For thus, properties of the microkernel were chosen and selected as specification requisites, which was constructed centered at the functionalities responsible for the utilization of these properties. This properties weres setting as specification requirements. The specification was constructed modeling the function of microkernel that implement this properties. This work intended to encourage the formal verification of FreeRTOS and also contribute to the formal creation of a microkernel real-time systems, based in FreeRTOS. Furthermore, this model brings a formal documentation point view of the microkernel, demonstrating features and how this internal states is changing. Finally, this work could be an example of specification of the actual system by the B method.

KitSmart: Uma biblioteca de componentes para o desenvolvimento rigoroso de aplicações Java Card com o método B

The development of smart card applications requires a high level of reliability. Formal methods provide means for this reliability to be achieved. The BSmart method and tool contribute to the development of smart card applications with the support of the B method, generating Java Card code from B specifications. For the development with BSmart to be effectively rigorous without overloading the user it is important to have a library of reusable components built in B. The goal of KitSmart is to provide this support. A first research about the composition of this library was a graduation work from Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, made by Thiago Dutra in 2006. This first version of the kit resulted in a specification of Java Card primitive types byte, short and boolean in B and the creation of reusable components for application development. This work provides an improvement of KitSmart with the addition of API Java Card specification made in B and a guide for the creation of new components. The API Java Card in B, besides being available to be used for development of applications, is also useful as a documentation of each API class. The reusable components correspond to modules to manipulate specific structures, such as date and time. These structures are not available for B or Java Card. These components for Java Card are generated from specifications formally verified in B. The guide contains quick reference on how to specify some structures and how some situations were adapted from object-orientation to the B Method. This work was evaluated through a case study made through the BSmart tool, that makes use of the KitSmart library. In this case study, it is possible to see the contribution of the components in a B specification. This kit should be useful for B method users and Java Card application developers

Uso de modelos i* para enriquecer requisitos em métodos ágeis

The activity of requirements engineering is seen in agile methods as bureaucratic activity making the process less agile. However, the lack of documentation in agile development environment is identified as one of the main challenges of the methodology. Thus, it is observed that there is a contradiction between what agile methodology claims and the result, which occurs in the real environment. For example, in agile methods the user stories are widely used to describe requirements. However, this way of describing requirements is still not enough, because the user stories is an artifact too narrow to represent and detail the requirements. The activities of verifying issues like software context and dependencies between stories are also limited with the use of only this artifact. In the context of requirements engineering there are goal oriented approaches that bring benefits to the requirements documentation, including, completeness of requirements, analysis of alternatives and support to the rationalization of requirements. Among these approaches, it excels the i * modeling technique that provides a graphical view of the actors involved in the system and their dependencies. This work is in the context of proposing an additional resource that aims to reduce this lack of existing documentation in agile methods. Therefore, the objective of this work is to provide a graphical view of the software requirements and their relationships through i * models, thus enriching the requirements in agile methods. In order to do so, we propose a set of heuristics to perform the mapping of the requirements presented as user stories in i * models. These models can be used as a form of documentation in agile environment, because by mapping to i * models, the requirements will be viewed more broadly and with their proper relationships according to the business environment that they will meet

Avaliação da contribuição de desenvolvedores para projetos de software usando mineração de repositórios de software e mineração de processos

Software Repository Mining (MSR) is a research area that analyses software repositories in order to derive relevant information for the research and practice of software engineering. The main goal of repository mining is to extract static information from repositories (e.g. code repository or change requisition system) into valuable information providing a way to support the decision making of software projects. On the other hand, another research area called Process Mining (PM) aims to find the characteristics of the underlying process of business organizations, supporting the process improvement and documentation. Recent works have been doing several analyses through MSR and PM techniques: (i) to investigate the evolution of software projects; (ii) to understand the real underlying process of a project; and (iii) create defect prediction models. However, few research works have been focusing on analyzing the contributions of software developers by means of MSR and PM techniques. In this context, this dissertation proposes the development of two empirical studies of assessment of the contribution of software developers to an open-source and a commercial project using those techniques. The contributions of developers are assessed through three different perspectives: (i) buggy commits; (ii) the size of commits; and (iii) the most important bugs. For the opensource project 12.827 commits and 8.410 bugs have been analyzed while 4.663 commits and 1.898 bugs have been analyzed for the commercial project. Our results indicate that, for the open source project, the developers classified as core developers have contributed with more buggy commits (although they have contributed with the majority of commits), more code to the project (commit size) and more important bugs solved while the results could not indicate differences with statistical significance between developer groups for the commercial project

Sífilis materna e congênita: ainda um desafio

Este estudo descritivo coletou informações sociodemográficas, obstétricas e relacionadas ao diagnóstico e tratamento da gestante/puérpera e parceiro das 67 gestantes/puérperas notificadas no Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação, usuárias de maternidades públicas do Distrito Federal, Brasil, entre 2009 e 2010. As informações do acompanhamento clínico e laboratorial recebido pela criança vieram do prontuário médico hospitalar, fichas de notificação compulsória e Cartão da Criança. Das gestantes, 41,8% foram adequadamente tratadas, o principal motivo para a inadequação foi a ausência (83,6%) ou inadequação do tratamento do parceiro (88,1%). Mais de um terço necessitou de novo tratamento na maternidade por falta de documentação terapêutica no pré-natal. Dos recém-nascidos com sífilis congênita, 48% fizeram estudo radiográfico, 42% passaram por punção liquórica e 36% deles não receberam qualquer tipo de intervenção. Nota-se, assim, que a qualidade do pré-natal recebido pela gestante não é suficiente para garantir o controle da sífilis congênita e o alcance da meta de incidência da doença.