1000 resultados para Ciència -- Educació -- Congressos


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L’educació en general va rebre un fort impuls durant la Segona República, a través de dotar de millors condicions materials i humanes l’ensenyament públic. La comarca d’Osona no va quedar al marge d’aquesta onada de transformacions, la graduació d’escoles nacionals a moltes poblacions i la construcció de nous edificis escolars van acabar amb la precarietat amb què subsistia l’ensenyament públic a la comarca. Paral·lelament es van produir altres canvis a l’entorn de l’educació, entre els quals l’article tracta el de l’oficialitat de l’ensenyament laic.

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L’audició a l’edat infantil és important per tal que els infants puguin escoltar profundament i així poder interioritzar la música. Aquest treball pretén mostrar la realitat de les escoles catalanes a l’hora de treballar les audicions musicals: els recursos i les estratègies que utilitzen, l’estona que hi dediquen, la importància de treballar-les... Per fer-ho m’he basat en la metodologia interpretativa, utilitzant l’enquesta per tal de conèixer l’opinió de tants centres catalans com ha sigut possible, basant-me en la llista d’escoles de Catalunya a través de la pàgina web de la Generalitat de Catalunya. També he utilitzat l’entrevista per tal d’enriquir el treball amb els coneixements de tres especialistes de música: Montse Amoròs, Àngels Hugàs i Mercè Carrera. A més a més, de les respostes obtingudes dels instruments de recollida de dades he escollit cinc audicions i recursos a per veure la reacció d’un grup d’infants de 4 i 5 anys del Ceip Puig d’Arques de Cassà de la Selva.

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Las características específicas del colectivo de profesionales de la etapa de Educación infantil proyectan una dinámica muy activa que genera nuevas metodologías, estrategias y recursos para una intervención educativa de calidad, en una etapa de vital importancia para el correcto desarrollo infantil. Estas características han de tenerse en cuenta en la formación de formadores del profesorado de esta etapa educativa, para favorecer su desarrollo profesional. Son necesarios proyectos de formación alternativos que conecten los «ámbitos de educación» a partir de propuestas integradas: escuela, familia, instituciones locales y asociaciones. Conjuntamente han de elaborar modelos desinteresados y democráticos, capaces de canalizar la interacción y la reciprocidad entre la cultura de la escuela y la cultura externa a ella.

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xThe aim of this article is to present a contribution of the school knowledge research to Chemistry Teaching. The object of research is school knowledge on physical sciences, considering the existence of a rupture between scientific knowledge and everyday knowledge. The differences between analogies and metaphors and the process of didactic mediation were thoroughly examined. The conclusion is that the process of didactic mediation is built on their own cognitive configurations, which not always make public the private scientific knowledge to certain social groups.

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The Brazilian industrialisation process, which occurred from World War II up to the early eighties, was almost totally based on imported technology and has thus not demanded local S&T capability. National S&T expenditures were limited to 0.7 % of the GNP, covering mainly expenses with basic research and training of scientists and engineers. Federal Government was then responsible for 90% of the national S&T expenditures. The globalisation of the economy, associated with the reduction of tariff barriers, has, since the early nineties, exposed Brazilian industries to international competition and, thus, forced them to invest in research and development. S&T policy fosters research activities, provides research infrastructure and human resources training. The goal is to raise national expenditures to 1.5% of GDP by 1999, with a share of the private sector of about 40%. In 1996, national S&T expenditures have already attained 1.1% of the GDP and private sector investments in this area reached a share of 30%.

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Podeu consultar les jornades completes a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/46286

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In the past decade several articles have been published in this journal and elsewhere by different authors, dealing with the institutionalization of science in Brazil, its origins and subsequent history. The emphasis has often been directed to the work of Brazilian scientists working abroad, to foreigners in Brazil, or to a few private individuals within the country, as well as to cultural, social, economic and political considerations. Much of the attention has also been focused on "academic" science, rather than on empirical or technical developments. The present article presents some of these situations, particularly in the mining district, where the application of technology, sometimes quite up-to-date for the time, tended to blur somewhat the distinction between science and its applications. It is hoped that this may start a debate which will enrich our historiography in this field and be of interest to those who want to assess Brazil's position in the history of science.

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The structural characteristics of foams are responsible for a broad range of applications of this system. Foams produced by aqueous solutions of surfactant concentrates are used in fire-fighting due to their special properties as extinguishing agents. In the present paper we discuss the main aspects involved in fire-fighting, based on some properties of foams. Thermal and chemical stability, good wetting of surfaces, cooling effect by water drained from the bubbles, isolation of the air from the burning surface and suppression of flammable vapors are some of the factors involved in the extinguishment of fire by foams.

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Les úlceres per pressió són considerades com una de les cinc causes més comunes de dany al pacient. El 95% de les lesions, són evitables i els membres de l’equip d’infermeria són responsables de la seva prevenció. Varis estudis demostren un dèficit de coneixement dels professionals de l’equip d’infermeria envers prevenció d’UPP.En el següent projecte d’estudi, de disseny experimental longitudinal ambispectiu, es proposa avaluar l’eficàcia d’una intervenció educativa enfocada en la prevenció d’UPP i dirigida a l’equip d’infermeria per la disminució de la incidència d’UPPEl projecte consta de 6 fases. Una primera en la que es determinarà, mitjançant la revisió de les històries clíniques, la prevalença d’UPP. Posteriorment i amb l’aplicació d’un qüestionari, es valoraran els coneixements d’infermeria abans (fase 2) i després (fase 4) de la realització d’un programa educatiu (fase 3). Durant la fase 5 i amb l’ajuda d’una graella d’observació, es determinarà la incidència d’UPP durant un any des de l’aplicació del programa educatiu. A la fase 6 i passat més d’un any, es tornaran a avaluar els coneixements de l’equip d’infermeria

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In contemporary times, women can choose freely to enter any professional field. Along the way they come across stumbling blocks that make their progress difficult. Most of these difficulties are not gender-specific, yet women encounter them more consistently than do men. It is remarkably true for the areas of Science and Technology. However, it is not straightforward to evaluate and to obtain an accurate measure of the effects of gender bias. The factors and consequences associated with the phenomena are multiple, with many shades of regionalism as we look at different countries. Despite of the absence of detailed studies regarding the situation in Brazil, it seems unlikely we would be an exception to a world pattern. In this article, some causes as well as current actions around the world to fight gender bias are presented.

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Irving Langmuir received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1932 "...for his outstanding discoveries and investigations within the field of surface chemistry", according to the Swedish Academy. However, few people know that his work comprises other very important contributions, and not only for chemistry, such as the discovery of plasma, the atomic hydrogen, the pure thermoionic phenomenon, the development of the cloud seeding technique for weather modification, among many others. This paper summarizes Langmuir's most important discoveries and theories, with an especial mention for his practical inventions and his work on the atomic theory.

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The historiography of science has undergone a profound change from the traditional perspective of a few decades ago, according to which only mainstream science was worth pursuing as a research field. Such a restricted outlook was not conducive to a thorough understanding of the whole process of the construction of science. New approaches have breathed new life into the discipline, taking into account not only scientific endeavours from so-called peripheral societies, but also from different quarters within or close to the central groups. From this a new and far more interesting view has emerged, showing a complex and richer texture.

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Peer-reviewed