An all-in-one dry chemistry immunoassay for the screening of coccidiostat nicarbazin in poultry eggs and liver

An automated immunoassay for the detection of nicarbazin residues in poultry eggs and liver was developed. The assay was based on a novel all-in-one dry chemistry concept and time-resolved fluorometry. The analyte specific antibody was immobilized into a single microtiter well and covered with an insulation layer, on top of which the label was dried in a small volume. The extracted sample was added automatically to the dry microtiter well, and the result was available within 18 min. Due to the rapidity and simplicity, the quantitative immunoassay could also be used as a high throughput screening method. The analytical limit of detection for the assay was calculated as 0.1 ng mL(-1) (n = 12) and the functional limit of detection as 3.2 ng g(-1) for egg (n = 6) and 11.3 ng g(-1) for liver (n = 6) samples. The sample recovery varied from 97.3 to 115.6%. Typically, the intra-assay variations were less than 10%, and interassay variations ranged between 8.1 and 13.6%.

AND Logic Gates Based on Small Molecules with Chemical Inputs and Luminescence Output

AND logic gate behaviour can be recognized in chemical-responsive luminescence phenomena concerning small molecules. Though initial developments concerned separate and distinguishable chemical species as inputs, consideration of other types of input sets allows substantial expansion of the sub-field. Dissection of these molecular devices into modules, where possible, enables analysis of their logic behaviour according to supramolecular photochemical mechanisms.

Molecular Logic Gate Arrays

Chemists are now able to emulate the ideas and instruments of mathematics and computer science with molecules. The integration of molecular logic gates into small arrays has been a growth area during the last few years. The design principles underlying a collection of these cases are examined. Some of these computing molecules are applicable in medical- and biotechnologies. Cases of blood diagnostics, 'lab-on-a-molecule' systems, and molecular computational identification of small objects are included.

OPTICAL-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY STUDY OF THE ROLE OF PLASMA CHEMISTRY IN YBA2CU3O7 PULSED LASER DEPOSITION

Time-resolved optical absorption spectroscopy techniques were used to study Ba, metastable Ba+, and YO absorptions in the laser-produced plasma plume from a YBa2Cu3O7 target. Results obtained indicate an initial explosive removal of material from the target sur-face followed by a subsequent evaporation process. Some YO is ejected from the target in molecular form, particularly at laser fluence

Dynamics of critical source areas: does connectivity explain chemistry?

Abstract: Critical source area approaches to catchment management are increasingly being recognised as effective tools to mitigate sediment and nutrient transfers. These approaches often assume hydrological connectivity as a driver for environmental risk, however this assumption has rarely been tested. Using high resolution monitoring, 14 rainfall events of contrasting intensity were examined in detail for spatial and temporal dynamics of overland flow generation at a hydrologically isolated grassland hillslope in Co. Down, Northern Ireland. Interactions between overland flow connectivity and nutrient transfers were studied to test the critical source area hypothesis. While total and soluble phosphorus loads were found to be representative of the size of the overland flow contributing area (P=