Comparative effects of GLP-1-(7-36) amide, oxyntomodulin and glucagon on rabbit gastric parietal cell function.

We have investigated in vitro, the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1-(7-36) amide (GLP-1-(7-36) amide), oxyntomodulin and glucagon on two rabbit parietal cell-enriched fractions (F3, F3n), with parietal cell contents of 60% and 88%, respectively. Histamine (10(-5) M) stimulated [14C]aminopyrine accumulation to an amount of 850% in excess of the basal level, whereas GLP-1-(7-36) amide (10(-7) M) and oxyntomodulin (10(-6) M) induced increases of 50% and 30%, respectively. With a histamine concentration of 10(-6) M, [14C]aminopyrine accumulation was stimulated to 498% in excess of the basal level; GLP-1-(7-36) amide (10(-7) M) and oxyntomodulin (10(-7) M) induced increases of 18% and 15%, respectively. With these parameters, oxyntomodulin[19-37] and glucagon were without effect. Specific binding of [125I]GLP-1-(7-36) amide to parietal cell plasma membranes was inhibited dose-dependently by GLP-1-(7-36) amide, oxyntomodulin and glucagon with inhibitory concentrations of 0.25 nM, 65 nM and 800 nM, respectively. No specific binding of [125I]oxyntomodulin or [125I]glucagon was detectable. GLP-1-(7-36) amide receptor mRNA was only detected in parietal cell-enriched fractions. GLP-1-(7-36) amide, oxyntomodulin and glucagon stimulated parietal cell cAMP production to similar maximal levels with median values close to 0.28 nM, 10.5 nM and 331.7 nM, whereas oxyntomodulin[19-37] had no effect. The maximal cAMP production induced by GLP-1-(7-36) amide, oxyntomodulin or glucagon was additive to that induced by histamine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Factors influencing emergency delays in acute stroke management.

Early admission to hospital with minimum delay is a prerequisite for successful management of acute stroke. We sought to determine our local pre- and in-hospital factors influencing this delay. Time from onset of symptoms to admission (admission time) was prospectively documented during a 6-month period (December 2004 to May 2005) in patients consecutively admitted for an acute focal neurological deficit presented at arrival and of presumed vascular origin. Mode of transportation, patient's knowledge and correct recognition of stroke symptoms were assessed. Physicians contacted by the patients or their relatives were interviewed. The influence of referral patterns on in-hospital delays was further evaluated. Overall, 331 patients were included, 249 had an ischaemic and 37 a haemorrhagic stroke. Forty-five patients had a TIA with neurological symptoms subsiding within the first hours after admission. Median admission time was 3 hours 20 minutes. Transportation by ambulance significantly shortened admission delays in comparison with the patient's own means (HR 2.4, 95% CI 1.6-3.7). The only other factor associated with reduced delays was awareness of stroke (HR 1.9, 95% CI 1.3-2.9). Early in-hospital delays, specifically time to request CT-scan and time to call the neurologist, were shorter when the patient was referred by his family or to a lesser extent by an emergency physician than by the family physician (p < 0.04 and p < 0.01, respectively) and were shorter when he was transported by ambulance than by his own means (p < 0.01). Transportation by ambulance and referral by the patient or family significantly improved admission delays and early in-hospital management. Correct recognition of stroke symptoms further contributed to significant shortening of admission time. Educational programmes should take these findings into account.

Mineralogical, K-Ar, stable and Sr isotope systematics of K-white micas during very low-grade metamorphism of limestones (Helvetic nappes, Western Switzerland)

Mineralogical, K-Ar, Rb-Sr and stable isotope analyses have been carried out on K-white micas from Helvetic Malm limestones in order to examine their evolution during very low- to low-grade Alpine metamorphism, associated with intense ductile deformation. Metamorphic temperatures were estimated al approximately 300-degrees-C from stable isotopes (quartz-calcite thermometry), occurrence of chloritoid, and `'epizonal'' illite crystallinity index. K-white micas consist of variable mixtures of 2M, phengite and muscovite, as revealed by detailed X-ray diffraction analyses using peak decomposition of the (060, 331) spectra. K-Ar apparent ages display a strong grain-size dependence in which mainly fine-grained size fractions (< 2 mum) record Alpine ages (37-15 Ma). However, these ages provide a relative rather than an absolute chronology of the diachronous Alpine metamorphic evolution of the Helvetic nappes. The resetting of the K-Ar isotopic system of K-white micas to Alpine metamorphic conditions reflects an apparent combination of crystallization/recrystallization and radiogenic Ar-40 diffusion loss. The oxygen isotope compositions of micas (+ 15 to + 22 parts per thousand) are intermediate between detrital and O-18-enriched values expected for micas neoformed within an abundant marine carbonate matrix. No isotopic equilibrium has been reached between calcite and micas. The variable depletion of hydrogen isotope compositions (- 126 to - 82 parts per thousand) is influenced by the interaction with organic matter under closed-system conditions. Organic matter, if not removed, may also represent a serious source of error in K-Ar age determination, by introducing radiogenic Ar-40 contamination. Sr-87/Sr-86 isotope ratios of micas range from 0.70879 to 0.70902 with one outlier at 0.71794. The low values reflect Sr exchange with calcite occurring during crystallization/recrystallization of micas under closed-system conditions.

No t'emocionis...Escolta! L'ús de la música en l'educació emocional

Usos i propostes de la música en l'educació emocional

[Illustrations de Promenade de Dieppe aux montagnes d'Ecosse.] / Bory de Vincent [des.] ; Forestier, Desmadryl, Journard [grav.] ; Charles Nodier, aut. du texte

Comprend : [Frontispice : portrait d'un chef de clan Ecossais. XIXè siècle.] Chef de clan. [cote : microfiche m 12456/15129 (1981)] ; [Page de titre : vue d'un château d'Ecosse. XIXè siècle.] [cote : microfiche m 12456/15129 (1981)] ; [Fig. p.15 : vue maritime. Dieppe? XIXè siècle.] [cote : microfiche m 12456/15129 (1981)] ; [pl. en reg. p.212 : végétation des montagnes d'Ecosse. XIXè siècle.] Borrère dorée, Boemice corallifère, Trichomane de Tombridge. [cote : microfiche m 12456/15129 (1981)] ; [pl. en reg. p.219 : végétation des montagnes d'Ecosse. XIXè siècle.] Splachnum Mnioïde, Encalyptre streptocarpe, Bry turbiné. [cote : microfiche m 12456/15129 (1981)] ; [Fig. p.331 : vue d'un paysage de montagnes en Ecosse. XIXè siècle.] [cote : microfiche m 12456/15129 (1981)] ; [Carte : carte de la Grande-Bretagne. XIXè siècle.] [cote : microfiche m 12456/15129 (1981)] ; [Carte : carte de la Grande-Bretagne. Ecosse. XIXè siècle.] [cote : microfiche m 12456/15129 (1981)]

[Illustrations de Rome et l'Italie méridionale.] / J.D. Harding, dess. ; L. De Sivry, aut. du texte

Comprend : [pl. en reg. de la page de titre : vue du Château Saint-Ange, du pont des Anges et du Tibre à Rome. [Cote K 1728/Microfilm R 122016] ; [Fig. au titre : vue de la ville de Sorrente.] Sorrente. [Cote K 1728/Microfilm R 122016] ; [pl. en reg. p.17 :] Rome (Vue de l'Eglise St-Pierre et de la Place du Vatican). [Cote K 1728/Microfilm R 122016] ; [pl. en reg. p.27. Chapitre III : Saint-Pierre de Rome.] [Cote K 1728/Microfilm R 122016] ; [pl. en reg. p.49 : le Forum de Rome.] [Cote K 1728/Microfilm R 122016] ; [pl. en reg. p.197. Chapitre XII : vue de Tivoli.] [Cote K 1728/Microfilm R 122016] ; [pl. en reg. p.247. Chapitre XIV : paysage du Sud de l'Italie. Environs de Naples avec vue sur le Golfe.] [Cote K 1728/Microfilm R 122016] ; [pl. en reg. p.264 : Naples et le Pausilippe (tombeau de Viegile) et la plage de la Mergellina.] [Cote K 1728/Microfilm R 122016] ; [pl. en reg. p.276 : paysage du lac Lucrin et le Monte-Nuovo (?) qui jaillit en une nuit, en 1538, d'une éruption volcanique et engloutit le village de Tripergola] [Cote K 1728/Microfilm R 122016] ; [pl. en reg. p.279 : une île du Golfe de Naples (Ischia?).] [Cote K 1728/Microfilm R 122016] ; [pl. en reg. p.296 : vue de l'intérieur de l'église du Carmine à Naples] [Cote K 1728/Microfilm R 122016] ; [pl. en reg. p.305 : vue d'Herculanum] [Cote K 1728/Microfilm R 122016] ; [pl. en reg. p.327 : vue d'Amalfi et de son couvent des Capucins suspendu aux flancs de la montagne.] [Cote K 1728/Microfilm R 122016] ; [pl. en reg. p.331. Chapitre XX : vue de vestiges de temples antiques dans la région de Paestum (?).] [Cote K 1728/Microfilm R 122016] ; [pl. en reg. p.339 : vue du Couvent de Saint-Martin, non loin de Palerme, en Sicile.] [Cote K 1728/Microfilm R 122016]

Luis Cernuda: emotividad platónica versus mentalidad presocrático-aristotélica

El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar cómo, pese a declararse materialista o presocrático-aristotélico, la emotividad poética de Luis Cernuda es claramente platónica o idealista, de tal suerte que la tensión entre realidad y deseo que siempre ha definido su poesía se reafirma también gracias al análisis de su obra desde una óptica más filosófica que literaria.

ESTIMATIVA DA EROSIVIDADE DE CHUVAS NO ESTADO DO PARANÁ PELO MÉTODO DA PLUVIOMETRIA: ATUALIZAÇÃO COM DADOS DE 1986 A 2008

Três estimativas de erosividade de chuvas no Estado do Paraná foram feitas nas décadas de 1980-90, mas nenhuma outra depois. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram atualizar, numa quarta estimativa, as informações de erosividade anual das chuvas para o Paraná, com dados pluviométricos de 1986 a 2008; e gerar informações de erosividade mensal para identificar a distribuição temporal da erosividade. Foram utilizados os métodos pluviográfico e pluviométrico de determinação de erosividade. O primeiro serviu para revalidar equações prévias de correlação entre erosividade por pluviografia e por pluviometria, isso feito em três localidades; já o segundo, para calcular o coeficiente de chuva em 114 localidades, utilizando-se dados de precipitação média mensal e anual, e então a erosividade, com as equações de correlação revalidadas. Mapas de erosividade anual e mensal foram gerados por interpolações geoestatísticas. A erosividade variou entre 5.449 e 12.581 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 ano-1 e aumentou no sentido oeste, a partir da região metropolitana de Curitiba; e no sentido sul, a partir do noroeste paranaense. Isso resultou em maiores erosividades nas regiões centro-sul (Guarapuava), centro-ocidental (Campo Mourão), oeste (Cascavel) e, principalmente, sudoeste (Pato Branco). Também houve incremento de erosividade a partir da região metropolitana de Curitiba, no sentido leste, indicando o litoral como outra região crítica em termos de erosividade. A maior erosividade mensal ocorreu em janeiro (média estadual de 1394 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 mês-1), seguida por tendência de diminuição até agosto (331 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 mês-1), quando então tornou a aumentar. Porém, ocorrem dois importantes repiques de erosividade: um em maio e outro em outubro (843 e 1.173 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 mês-1, respectivamente), principalmente nas regiões sudoeste e oeste. Esses repiques coincidem com períodos de implantação de culturas de inverno ou de verão nessas regiões. Em relação à última estimativa de erosividade anual, feita em 1993, houve aumento da área delimitada pela linha isoerodente de 11.000 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 ano-1 nas regiões sudoeste e oeste e um deslocamento das linhas isoerodentes de 7.000 e 8.000 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 ano-1 para o sentido leste nas regiões norte pioneiro, centro-oriental e sudeste, sugerindo elevação da erosividade nessas regiões. Tais alterações de erosividade podem estar associadas às eventuais mudanças no clima da região, mas também ao simples fato de este estudo estar considerando maior quantidade de dados em relação aos estudos anteriores. Concluiu-se que as equações de correlação determinadas entre os métodos pluviográfico e pluviométrico, obtidas para o Paraná em trabalhos anteriores, continuam válidas; os meses críticos quanto à erosividade são janeiro, maio e outubro; e as menores erosividades ocorrem nas regiões noroeste e metropolitana do Estado.

A clinical pattern-based etiological diagnostic strategy for sensory neuronopathies: a French collaborative study.

Sensory neuronopathies (SNNs) encompass paraneoplastic, infectious, dysimmune, toxic, inherited, and idiopathic disorders. Recently described diagnostic criteria allow SNN to be differentiated from other forms of sensory neuropathy, but there is no validated strategy based on routine clinical investigations for the etiological diagnosis of SNN. In a multicenter study, the clinical, biological, and electrophysiological characteristics of 148 patients with SNN were analyzed. Multiple correspondence analysis and logistic regression were used to identify patterns differentiating between forms of SNNs with different etiologies. Models were constructed using a study population of 88 patients and checked using a test population of 60 cases. Four patterns were identified. Pattern A, with an acute or subacute onset in the four limbs or arms, early pain, and frequently affecting males over 60 years of age, identified mainly paraneoplastic, toxic, and infectious SNN. Pattern B identified patients with progressive SNN and was divided into patterns C and D, the former corresponding to patients with inherited or slowly progressive idiopathic SNN with severe ataxia and electrophysiological abnormalities and the latter to patients with idiopathic, dysimmune, and sometimes paraneoplastic SNN with a more rapid course than in pattern C. The diagnostic strategy based on these patterns correctly identified 84/88 and 58/60 patients in the study and test populations, respectively.

Using step activity monitoring to assess ambulatory activity before and after total ankle arthroplasty : FM103

Introduction: The aim of this study is to compare the walking activity of a cohort of individuals before and after total ankle arthroplasty (TAA). Methods: Nineteen consecutive patients (ten males and nine females) with mean age of 58.72, selected for TAA between January and June 2006, were prospectively reviewed with the use of a dedicated ambulatory activity-monitoring device to assess their natural ambulatory activity. Patients were tested in the community for two weeks duration, one month prior to and at least eighteen months after surgery. The ambulatory parameters were assessed through measurement of the number of steps at different cadence, and the time spent walking at different walking paces. Data were analyzed by using specific statistical methods. Results: This study revealed a significant improvement in the number of steps walked at normal cadence (b = 331.63, p = .00) and significantly reduced at low cadence (b = -402.52, p = .00) and medium cadence (b = -386.29, p = .00), before and after TAA. However, there are no significant different between two phases of assessment in term of time spent walking. Conclusion: These quantitative data allow a clear comparative assessment of walking ability following TAR and demonstrates that this intervention improves patient's walking pace.