993 resultados para 1953
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Mode of access: Internet.
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Mode of access: Internet.
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Mode of access: Internet.
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Cover title.
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Mode of access: Internet.
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Includes bibliography.
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Includes indexes.
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Mode of access: Internet.
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A survey of Pacific coral reef fishes for sanguinicolids revealed that two species of Lutjanidae (Lutjanus argentimaculatus, L. bohar), six species of Siganidae (Siganus corallinus, S. fuscescens, S. lineatus, S. margaritiferus, S. punctatus, S. vulpinus), seven species of Chaetodontidae (Chaetodon aureofasciatus, C. citrinellus, C. flavirostris, C. lineolatus, C. reticulatus, C. ulietensis, C. unimaculatus), three species of Scombridae (Euthynnus affinis, Scomberomorus commerson, S. munroi) and three species of Scaridae (Chlorurus microrhinos, Scarus frenatus, S. ghobban) were infected with morphologically similar sanguinicolids. These flukes have a flat elliptical body, a vestigial oral sucker, a single testis, separate genital pores and a post-ovarian uterus. However, these species clearly belong in two genera based on the position of the testis and genital pores. Sanguinicolids from Lutjanidae, Siganidae, Chaetodontidae and Scombridae belong in Cardicola Short, 1953; the testis originates anteriorly to, or at the anterior end of, the intercaecal field and does not extend posteriorly to it, the male genital pore opens laterally to the sinistral lateral nerve chord and the female pore opens near the level of the ootype ( may be anterior, lateral or posterior to it) antero-dextral to the male pore. Those from Scaridae are placed in a new genus, Braya; the testis originates near the posterior end of the intercaecal field and extends posteriorly to it, the male pore opens medially at the posterior end of the body and the female pore opens posterior to the ootype, antero-sinistral to the male pore. The second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) of ribosomal DNA from these sanguinicolids and a known species, Cardicola forsteri Cribb, Daintith & Munday, 2000, were sequenced, aligned and analysed to test the distinctness of the putative new species. Results from morphological comparisons and molecular analyses suggest the presence of 18 putative species; 11 are described on the basis of combined morphological and molecular data and seven are not because they are characterised solely by molecular sequences or to few morphological specimens (n= one). There was usually a correlation between levels of morphological and genetic distinction in that pairs of species with the greatest genetic separation were also the least morphologically similar. The exception in this regard was the combination of Cardicola tantabiddii n. sp. from S. fuscescens from Ningaloo Reef ( Western Australia) and Cardicola sp. 2 from the same host from Heron Island ( Great Barrier Reef). These two parasite/ host/location combinations had identical ITS2 sequences but appeared to differ morphologically ( however, this could simply be due to a lack of morphological material for Cardicola sp. 2). Only one putative species ( Cardicola sp. 1) was found in more than one location; most host species harboured distinct species in each geographical location surveyed ( for example, S. corallinus from Heron and Lizard Islands) and some ( for example, S. punctatus, S. fuscescens and Chlorurus microrhinos) harboured two species at a single location. Distance analysis of ITS2 showed that nine species from siganids, three from scombrids and five from scarids formed monophyletic clades to the exclusion of sanguinicolids from the other host families. Cardicola milleri n. sp. and C. chaetodontis Yamaguti, 1970 from lutjanids and chaetodontids, respectively, were the only representatives from those families that were sequenced. Within the clade formed by sanguinicolids from Siganidae there wasa further division of species; species from the morphologically similar S. fuscescens and S. margaritiferus formed a monophyletic group to the exclusion of sanguinicolids from all other siganid species.
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Brochure for annual Lincoln University homecoming on October 24, 1953
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Korean sota on länsimaisessa historiantutkimuksessa yksi vähiten tutkittuja 1900-luvun sotia. Sotaa on tutkittu jonkin verran perinteisen sotahistorian näkökulmasta keskittyen sodan strategiaan ja taistelutilanteisiin. Oma tutkielmani pyrkii hahmottamaan Korean sotaa niin sanotun uuden sotahistorian näkökulmasta. Tässä pro gradussa tutkin Korean sodassa taistelleiden yhdysvaltalaisten sotilaiden kokemuksien kuvauksia keskittyen erityisesti tilan kuvaukseen. Tutkielmassani käytän aineistonani 2000-luvulla tehtyjä amerikkalaisten Korean sodan veteraanien haastatteluja. Etsin haastatteluista vastauksia siihen, minkälaisia kokemuksen kuvauksia liittyen tilaan, ympäristöön ja paikkaan Korean sodan veteraanit tuovat esille. Tutkielmassani määrittelen tilan olevan ensisijaisesti merkityksellistetty sijainti, johon liitetään subjektiivisia kokemuksia. Lähestyn haastateltujen veteraanien tilan kuvausta sen kautta, minkälaisia kokemuksia he tuovat esille. Haastattelut lähdeaineistona tarvitsevat avukseen muistitietotutkimusta, jota olen myös hyödyntänyt tutkielmassani. Tilaa hahmottelen useiden erilaisten teemojen kautta, kuten ympäristön, paikan, arjen kokemusten ja sosiaalisten suhteiden sekä kuoleman avulla. Veteraanit kertoivat haastatteluissaan useita kokemuksia, jotka voidaan hahmotella olevan osa tilan kokemusta. Erilaisia tilaan liittyviä veteraanien kuvailtuja kokemuksia olivat esimerkiksi juoksuhautojen kylmyys, vihollisten henkinen läheisyys sekä erilaiset nimetyt taistelupaikat, joihin yhdistettiin kokemuksia ja muistoja. Korean sota koetaan yhä niin sanottuna unohdettuna sotana, sillä se ei ole saavuttanut merkityksellistä asemaa amerikkalaisessa julkisessa muistissa ja tutkimustieto sodasta on varsin vähäistä verrattuna esimerkiksi Vietnamin sotaan. Tarkoituksenani on lähestyä Korean sotaa uudesta näkökulmasta, sillä tutkielmassani yhdistän sotahistorian ja tilan tutkimuksen.