Carbon dioxide emissions under different soil tillage systems in mechanically harvested sugarcane

Soil tillage and other methods of soil management may influence CO 2 emissions because they accelerate the mineralization of organic carbon in the soil. This study aimed to quantify the CO2 emissions under conventional tillage (CT), minimum tillage (MT) and reduced tillage (RT) during the renovation of sugarcane fields in southern Brazil. The experiment was performed on an Oxisol in the sugarcane-planting area with mechanical harvesting. An undisturbed or no-till (NT) plot was left as a control treatment. The CO2 emissions results indicated a significant interaction (p < 0.001) between tillage method and time after tillage. By quantifying the accumulated emissions over the 44 days after soil tillage, we observed that tillage-induced emissions were higher after the CT system than the RT and MT systems, reaching 350.09 g m-2 of CO2 in CT, and 51.7 and 5.5 g m-2 of CO2 in RT and MT respectively. The amount of C lost in the form of CO2 due to soil tillage practices was significant and comparable to the estimated value of potential annual C accumulation resulting from changes in the harvesting system in Brazil from burning of plant residues to the adoption of green cane harvesting. The CO 2 emissions in the CT system could respond to a loss of 80% of the potential soil C accumulated over one year as result of the adoption of mechanized sugarcane harvesting. Meanwhile, soil tillage during the renewal of the sugar plantation using RT and MT methods would result in low impact, with losses of 12% and 2% of the C that could potentially be accumulated during a one year period. © 2013 IOP Publishing Ltd.

ECLAC and the new growth theories

Includes bibliography

Enterprise creation and economic recovery: the case of Rio Grande do Sul

Includes bibliography

Phenotypic and metabolic aspects of prostatic epithelial cells in aged gerbils after antisteroidal therapy: Turnover in the state of chromatin condensation and androgen-independent cell replacement

The gerbil is a rodent considered a good model for studies of prostatic morphophysiology under different experimental conditions. Studies involving castration and steroidal blockers of aged gerbils showed that the glandular epithelium persists after long-term therapy, preventing the organ atrophy. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the phenotypic characteristics and behavior of prostatic epithelial cells that remained after different periods of hormone ablation in aged gerbils. The identification of elements that influenced the survival of this cell type was performed by morphometric, nuclear phenotypes, ultrastructural and immune histochemical analysis. The most significant responses to treatment, by analyzing morphometric features, were observed during the first three time points (day 1, day 3, and day 7), after which there appeared to be an adjustment of the gland to the hormone ablation. All treatments led to changes in the state of chromatin condensation, DNA methylation pattern and phenotypic changes indicated cell senescence. Additionally, an increase in the basal cells seemed to guarantee self-renewal properties to the epithelium. These data indicate that changes occur at many levels, including gene expression and nuclear architecture in the epithelial cells, when aging and steroidal blockade are associated. These aspects are important when considering castration-resistant prostate cancer, a malignant tumor posing difficult therapeutic intervention. © 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Effects of a homeopathic complex on the performance and cortisol levels in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Background: Intensive fish farming results in stress adversely effecting the performance of farmed fish. Plasma cortisol is a validated measure of stress in fish. We evaluated the effect of a homeopathic complex on the cortisol level of Nile tilapias (Oreochromis niloticus). Method: 60 animals with approximate average weight of 100 g each at the start of experiment were randomly distributed in six glass fiber water tanks, capacity 1000 liters, with a daily water renewal rate of 20%. They received one of two treatments: 30 animals in control treatment and 30 animals receiving the homeopathic complex Homeopatila 100. On days 1, 30 and 60, all fish were anesthetized and blood was collected by puncture on the caudal vein, to determine the levels of circulating cortisol. Results: At the end of the experiment the fish receiving a homeopathic complex, had significantly lower circulating cortisol level (17.96 ng/mL ± 0.95) than the control group (38.68 ng/mL ± 1.21) (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Cortisol levels were significantly lower in the treated group than control, and the fish were larger in the treated group. © 2013 The Faculty of Homeopathy.

Análise do período de defeso do camarão marinho Artemesia longinaris através da maturidade ovariana anual

Pós-graduação em Aquicultura - FCAV

Alterações hematológicas e hormonais em fêmeas de jundiá (Rhamdia quelen) provocadas por estresse mecânico e contaminação da água por herbicida a base de glifosato

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Retenção do cátion do sulfato de cobre nos compartimentos biótico e abiótico de mesocosmos com sistema de fluxo contínuo de água

Pós-graduação em Aquicultura - FCAV

A música como recurso cênico de palhaços: Cia. Teatral Turma do Biribinha e Circo Amarillo

Pós-graduação em Artes - IA

Alfredo Mesquita: Teatro e crítica na São Paulo de 1940 a 1960

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeito do hormônio 17β-estradiol na gametogênese dos órgãos de Bidder e testículos e no tecido hepático em machos de Rhinella schneideri (Anura: Bufonidae)

Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal - IBILCE

Produção de etanol em meio sintético com recuperação de fermento entre bateladas sucessivas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Acúmulo de matéria seca e macronutrientes por cultivares de sorgo sacarino

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Fatores físico-químico e bacteriológicos do sistema de lavagem e pré-resfriamento de carcaças de frango e sua relação com a pesquisa de Salmonella spp. em carcaças pré-resfriadas

Pós-graduação em Alimentos e Nutrição - FCFAR

Assim na terra como no céu: carismática católica, sociedade e modernidade

Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FFC