金环蛇抗菌肽cathelicidin-BF及其基因和应用

一种金环蛇抗菌肽cathelicidin-BF及其基因和应用，属生物医学领域。 Cathelicidin-BF是一种直链多肽，含有三十个氨基酸残基，分子量3637.54Da，等电点11.79。cathelicidin-BF全序列为：赖氨酸-苯丙氨酸-苯丙氨酸-精氨酸-赖氨酸-亮氨酸-赖氨酸-赖氨酸-丝氨酸-缬氨酸-赖氨酸-赖氨酸 -精氨酸-丙氨酸-赖氨酸-谷氨酸-苯丙氨酸-苯丙氨酸-赖氨酸-赖氨酸 -脯氨酸-精氨酸-缬氨酸-异亮氨酸-甘氨酸-缬氨酸-丝氨酸-异亮氨酸 -脯氨酸-苯丙氨酸。编码cathelicidin-BF的基因由750个核苷酸组成，其中编码成熟肽部分的为第484-573位核苷酸。Cathelicidin-BF分子量小、杀菌作用强、作用时间迅速、对多种临床耐药菌有非常强的杀灭作用。此外还具有广谱抗菌和非盐依赖等有益特点。

NONINVASIVE GIANT PANDA PATERNITY EXCLUSION

Giant panda hair samples obtained by noninvasive methods served as a source of DNA for amplification of seven giant panda microsatellite loci utilizing the polymerase chain reaction. Thirteen giant pandas held in Chinese zoos were tested for identification of paternity. Some males listed as sires have been excluded as the biological father of captive-born giant pandas. Because of the death of some potential sires, paternity is still not assigned for some giant pandas, although there is a high likelihood that paternity assignment could be made if postmortem samples are available for genetic analysis. The DNA microsatellite variation assayed by the test we have developed provides a rapid, highly informative, and noninvasive method for paternity identification in giant pandas. (C) 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

中药材鹿鞭的分子鉴定研究

目的：建立中药材鹿鞭的分子分类学鉴定试剂盒。方法：根据对不同产地梅花鹿，马鹿，白唇鹿，水鹿线粒体DNA进行PCR扩增和序列测定，并与常见伪充药材来源动物线粒体DNA同位置序列比较。找到该4个鹿种的特征片段。经过实际检验。筛选出合适处段作为鹿的种属特异性PCR引物。结果：该引物与相关试剂组成试剂盒后，可用于中药材鹿鞭与常见伪充药材牛鞭，驴鞭等的鉴别。结论：用分子分类学方法鉴别中药材鹿鞭，具有科学，稳定，准确，简便等特点，值得推广。

Ecological risk assessment of pollution in sediment on benthic fauna in coast of Bandar Abbas

Ecological risk assessment is determination of the probability of an adverse effect occurring to an ecological system. This investigation was carried out to assess the ecological risk of sediment in coast of Bandar Abbass in 9 stations including Shilat Jetty, Hotel Amin, Poshte-Shahr, Souro, Bahonar Jetty, Powerhouse, Refinery and Rajaee Jetty from autumn 2013 to summer 2014. Results showed that Polychaete with 1177 , 1109 , 414 , 573 , ind.m2 in autumn 91 , winter 91 , spring 92 and summer 92 were the most abundant in frequency respectively. Among ecological indices, the Margalof that ranged from 4 to 7 was in a good situation while Shanoon and Berger – Parker with 1.2 (at most) and 0.32 (at least) respectively indicated an environment with probable stress. Heavy metal distribution obtained as Cd>Pb>Cu>Zn in sediment. In tissue, the distribution of heavy metals were as Crab>polychaete>Bivalve>gastropod for Pb, Gastropod>Bivalve>Polychaete>Crab for Cd, Gastropod>Crab>Polychaete>Bivalve for Cu and Gastropod>Bivalve>Crab>Polychaete for Zn. Maximum and Minimum of TOM obtained 10.16 and 1.96 percent in Posht-e-Shahr and shilat Jetty respectively and clay was the dominant grain in most area. Bioaccumulation coefficient of Zn and Cu was high in all stations. Igeo as a single index was high for Cd indicating a high risk in all stations. Potential Ecological Risk was high for Cu and Zn and goes increasingly from shilat Jetty to Rajee Jetty but goes down for Pb. Pollution index for Cu and Pb was nearly the same as Potential Ecological Risk but for Zn goes constantly. Among PAH, 5-ring and 6-ring PAhs were more concentrate comparison to other compounds in sediment. 2-ring and 3-ring, 3-ring, 4-ring and 5-ring and 5-ring PAHs were more concentrate in Gastropod, Bivalve, Crab and Polychaete respectively. HI as an index of PAH obtained 1. Ecological Risk Indices showed that the heavy metals are a serious risk for invertebrate in sediment but PAHs are not a risk for benthic community.

Comparison the nutritional value of cultured Penaeus vanname with marine shrimps Penaeus merguiensis and Penaeus semisulcatus

The purpose for which this study was intended wasto compare nutritive value among the farmed Vannamei, sea Green Tiger and Banana shrimps native to the PersianGulf. To provide the samples of farmed shrimps at the end of the farming season (Oct. 23rd through Nov. 22nd of 2011), we chosen one farm of the Holleh Shrimp Farming, from which 100 shrimps were randomly selected. From among these 100 shrimps, 3 to 5 ones were taken to conduct an analysis upon. Further, to obtain the Banana and Green Tiger shrimps sampling was done at the fishing season (July 23rd through Aug. 22rd of 2011) at Halileh Fishing Wharf located in Bushehr Fishing Harbor and also Bandar Abbas Wharf. The samples obtained were immediately kept in the ice powder. After some biometric tasks done upon them, they were at the shortest possible time transferred to a laboratory where they went through various experiments to determine their content of raw protein, fat, ash, moisture, various fatty acids and their types, cholesterol, vitamins A and E, and such mineral elements as iron and calcium. All the experimentswere carried out three times to establish confidence in the results to be obtained. Findings of the comparison showed the content of raw protein, fat, moisture, and ash of, respectively, 23.233%, 600%, 73.077% and 2.500% for the Vannamei samples, of 22.717%, 427%, 74.133% and 1.826% for our Banana shrimps and of 17.377%, 430%, 79.866% and 1.313% for the Green Tiger samples. A total of 24 fatty acids for the Vannamei shrimps and 27 for the Banana and Green Tiger were detected. SFA of the Banana shrimps was 368.45 mg/100g (51.76%), while those of the Vannamei and Green Tiger samples were observed, respectively, 363.54 mg/100g (37.26%) and 296.06 mg/100g (49.12%).A similar measurement for MUFA content of the three types of our samples revealed 243.85mg/100g (24.9%) for the Vannamei, 203.177 mg/100g (33.76%) for the Green Tiger and 179.033 mg/100g (25.14%) for the Banana shrimps. The content of PUFA unsaturated fatty acids in the Vannamei, 131 Green Tiger and Banana samples were, respectively, 370.660 mg/100g (37.84%), 101.573 mg/100g (16.9%) and 163.733 mg/100g (23.1%). Further, the comparison found a omega-3-fatty-acids total of 151.747 mg/100g(15.51%) for the Vannamei, 57.123 mg/100g (9.54%) for the Green Tiger and 130.460 mg/100g (18.46%) for the Banana species under study.

The study of different protein in diet and water salinity on growth and survival rate in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

In this research reared white western shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei ,Boone, 1931) with five diet with five different protein level contain 20%, 25%, 30%, 35% and 40% and three salinity level contain 15-17 ppt, 27-30 ppt,and 40-45 ppt researched protein percent effect and water salinity on growth, survival, feed conversion ratio, hemolymph osmolatity, hemolymph protein and corpse protein contain. In this research was 15 sorrow with 3 repeat and used from 45 tanks with 300 liters capacity. Shrimps first weight average was about 2 grams and after 60 days culture cropped down results: Shrimps biomass growth in 15-17 ppt salinity was higher than anther salinities who had meaning different with growth in 40-45 ppt salinity ( p< 0.05). But hadn’t meaning different with growth 27-30 ppt salinity. survival rate in 15-17 ppt salinity was 97.03 who was lower than another salinities. survival percent in 24-30 ppt salinity and 40-45 ppt salinity was 99.33% Highest biomass growth in different diets was in diet number 5 with 40 percent protein that it had meaning different with another diets (p<0.05) . although with informed to product expense in different diets. One kilogram shrimp product expense in different diets hadn’t meaning different (P<0.05) Survival rate in different diets hadn’t meaning different lowest feed conversion ratio was 1.67 in 15-14 salinity that hadn’t meaning different with another salinities also corpse protein quantity in different salinities and different diets hadn’t meaning different. Hemolymph Osmolality in 15-17 ppt salinity was 573.88 mOsm/kg had meaning different with hemolymph osmolality in 27-30 ppt salinity that was 650. 380 mOsm/kg and in 40-45 ppt salinity was 630.38 mOsm/kg. Hemolymph protein in 15-17 ppt salinity was 124.72 mg/ml had meaning different with hemlymph protein in 27-30 ppt salinity that was 136.52 mg/ml but hadn’t meaning different with hemolymph protein in 40-45 ppt salinity that was 128.84 mg/ml. Hemolymph protein in different diets hadn’t meaning different (p<0.05). Keywords: shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, protein , salinity, growth, survival rate, FCR, hemolymph osmolality, hemolymph protein.

Phylogenetic positions of several amitochondriate protozoa - Evidence from phylogenetic analysis of DNA topoisomerase II

Several groups of parasitic protozoa, as represented by Giardia, Trichomonas, Entamoeba and Microsporida, were once widely considered to be the most primitive extant eukaryotic group - Archezoa. The main evidence for this is their 'lacking mitochondria' and possessing some other primitive features between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and being basal to all eukaryotes with mitochondria in phylogenies inferred from many molecules. Some authors even proposed that these organisms diverged before the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria within eukaryotes. This view was once considered to be very significant to the study of origin and evolution of eukaryotic cells (eukaryotes). However, in recent years this has been challenged by accumulating evidence from new studies. Here the sequences of DNA topoisomerase 11 in G lamblia, T vaginalis and E histolytica were identified first by PCR and sequencing, then combining with the sequence data of the microsporidia Encephalitozoon cunicul and other eukaryotic groups of different evolutionary positions from GenBank, phylogenetic trees were constructed by various methods to investigate the evolutionary positions of these amitochondriate protozoa. Our results showed that since the characteristics of DNA topoisomerase 11 make it avoid the defect of 'long-branch attraction' appearing in the previous phylogenetic analyses, our trees can not only reflect effectively the relationship of different major eukaryotic groups, which is widely accepted, but also reveal phylogenetic positions for these amitochondriate protozoa, which is different from the previous phylogenetic trees. They are not the earliest-branching eukaryotes, but diverged after some mitochondriate organisms such as kinetoplastids and mycetozoan; they are not a united group but occupy different phylogenetic positions. Combining with the recent cytological findings of mitochondria-like organelles in them, we think that though some of them (e.g. diplomonads, as represented by Giardia) may occupy a very low evolutionary position, generally these organisms are not as extremely primitive as was thought before; they should be polyphyletic groups diverging after the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondrion to adapt themselves to anaerobic parasitic life.

A path-following driver-vehicle model with neuromuscular dynamics, including measured and simulated responses to a step in steering angle overlay

An existing driver-vehicle model with neuromuscular dynamics is improved in the areas of cognitive delay, intrinsic muscle dynamics and alpha-gamma co-activation. The model is used to investigate the influence of steering torque feedback and neuromuscular dynamics on the vehicle response to lateral force disturbances. When steering torque feedback is present, it is found that the longitudinal position of the lateral disturbance has a significant influence on whether the drivers reflex response reinforces or attenuates the effect of the disturbance. The response to angle and torque overlay inputs to the steering system is also investigated. The presence of the steering torque feedback reduced the disturbing effect of torque overlay and angle overlay inputs. Reflex action reduced the disturbing effect of a torque overlay input, but increased the disturbing effect of an angle overlay input. Experiments on a driving simulator showed that measured handwheel angle response to an angle overlay input was consistent with the response predicted by the model with reflex action. However, there was significant intra-and inter-subject variability. The results highlight the significance of a drivers neuromuscular dynamics in determining the vehicle response to disturbances. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.

微囊藻碳酸酐酶活性在不同环境因素下的调节与适应

测定了3种微囊藻水华中的优势种类,即铜锈微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosaK櫣tz .) ,绿色微囊藻(Microcystis viridis(A. Br .)Lemm) ,惠氏微囊藻(Microcystis wesenbergii(Kom.)Kom.) ,以及微囊藻573(Microcystissp.573)的碳酸酐酶活性;研究了无机碳、pH、温度、光强、N/P比等环境因素和外源葡萄糖对铜锈微囊藻碳酸酐酶活性的影响,发现微囊藻碳酸酐酶活性受环境中碳酸氢根浓度的调节,故推断碳酸氢根是铜锈

鱼粉在水产饲料中的应用研究

中国科学院创新方向性项目"集约化水产养殖高新技术及其生态调控"(KSCX2-1-04); 国家"十五"科技攻关项目"鱼用高效饲料开发技术"(2001BA505B06)

黄鳝(缘拟扁蛭)水蛭病的首次报道

国家自然科学基金 (No.3 0 0 70 5 88) ; 中国科学院所长择优基金资助项目