Suomettarelainen maalaisliitossa : Jalo Lahdensuon yhteiskunnalliset aatteet ja toiminta

Summary: An "Old Finn" in the Agrarian Union : Jalo Lahdensuo's ideals and work in public life

Efectes de l’altura solar, la nuvolositat i la temperatura en les mesures dels piranòmetres de silici = Efectos de la altura solar, la nubosidad y la temperatura en las medidas de los piranometros de silicio

La mesura de la irradiància solar en superfície es fa mitjançant piranòmetres amb sensor termoelèctric o amb sensor de silici. Aquests darrers presenten una resposta espectral no uniforme i limitada a la banda de 400 a 1100 nm, i, a més, la seva sensibilitat depèn fortament de la temperatura. Els piranòmetres termoelèctrics, en canvi, presenten una resposta espectral uniforme en la banda solar, i un coeficient de temperatura reduït. L’objectiu de l’estudi que es presenta ha estat millorar l’acord entre les mesures d’irradiància global preses amb un piranòmetre termoelèctric CM11 de Kipp & Zonen, i diversos piranòmetres fotovoltaics o de silici Li200SA de Li-Cor. Com que la resposta angular dels sensors s’aparta en general de la resposta cosinus ideal, es proposen unes correccions a tal efecte. S’han analitzat les dades minutals corresponents a un cicle anual de mesures d’irradiància preses pels dos tipus de piranòmetres a l’estació radiomètrica de la Universitat de Girona. Les correccions proposades per la resposta angular dels instruments es basen en bibliografia prèvia, i també en simulacions realitzades amb un model espectral de transferència radiativa multicapa. La simulació ha permès obtenir correccions per compensar les diferents respostes angulars i espectrals dels dos tipus d’instruments. Per a cels serens, les correccions angulars i espectrals milloren notablement l’acord entre les mesures dels dos tipus de piranòmetres. També es proposa una correcció de l’efecte de la temperatura sobre la mesura dels piranòmetres de silici, obtinguda empíricament. Malgrat que les correccions s’han obtingut per a cels serens, han estat també aplicades a condicions de cel ennuvolat, caracteritzades objectivament mitjançant un algorisme basat en mesures d’irradiància global i difusa. Finalment s’ha comprovat que les correccions també milloren l’acord entre les mesures dels dos tipus de sensors independentment de l’extensió de la coberta de núvols

Nauloilla laadittu laki : työväentalojen sulkemiset 1929-1932

Summary: A law nailed down with force : the shutting down of labour halls in 1929-1932

Construction and Quantitative Evaluation of a Dual Specific Promoter System for Monitoring the Expression Status of Stra8 and c-kit Genes.

Applications of genetic constructs with multiple promoters, which are fused with reporter genes and simultaneous monitoring of various events in cells, have gained special attention in recent years. Lentiviral vectors, with their distinctive characteristics, have been considered to monitor the developmental changes of cells in vitro. In this study, we constructed a novel lentiviral vector (FUM-M), containing two germ cell-specific promoters (Stra8 and c-kit), fused with ZsGreen and DsRed2 reporter genes, and evaluated its efficiency in different cells following treatments with retinoic acid and DMSO. Several cell lines (P19, GC-1 spg and HEK293T) were transduced with this vector, and functional capabilities of the promoters were verified by flow cytometry and quantitative RT-PCR. Our results indicate that FUM-M shows dynamic behavior in the presence and absence of extrinsic factors. A correlation was also observed between the function of promoters, present in the lentiviral construct and the endogenous level of the Stra8 and c-kit mRNAs in the cells. In conclusion, we recommend this strategy, which needs further optimization of the constructs, as a beneficial and practical way to screen chemical inducers involved in cellular differentiation toward germ-like cells.

A new method to measure rolling resistance in treadmill cycling.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate a new method of measuring rolling resistance in treadmill cycling and to establish its sensitivity and reproducibility. One participant was asked to keep a bicycle in equilibrium on a treadmill without pedalling at a constant speed of 5.56 m x s(-1), which was held in place in the front by a dynamometer. For each condition, the method consisted of 11 measurements of the force required to hold the cycle at different treadmill slopes (0-10%, increment 1%). The coefficient of rolling resistance was calculated based on the forces applied to the bicycle in equilibrium. To test the sensitivity of the method, the bicycle was successively equipped with three tyre types (700 x 28, 700 x 23, 700 x 22) and inflation pressure was set at 150, 300, 600, 900, and 1100 kPa. To test the reproducibility of the method, a second experimenter repeated all measurements done with the 700 x 23 tyres. The method was sensitive enough to detect an effect of both tyre type and inflation pressure (P < 0.001: two-way ANOVA). The measurement of the coefficient of rolling resistance by two separate experimenters resulted in a small bias of 0.00029 (95% CI, -0.00011 to 0.00068). In conclusion, the new method is sensitive and reliable, as well as being simple and affordable.

Clinical, molecular, and prognostic significance of WHO type inv(3)(q21q26.2)/t(3;3)(q21;q26.2) and various other 3q abnormalities in acute myeloid leukemia.

PURPOSE: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with inv(3)(q21q26.2)/t(3;3)(q21;q26.2) [inv(3)/t(3;3)] is recognized as a distinctive entity in the WHO classification. Risk assignment and clinical and genetic characterization of AML with chromosome 3q abnormalities other than inv(3)/t(3;3) remain largely unresolved. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Cytogenetics, molecular genetics, therapy response, and outcome analysis were performed in 6,515 newly diagnosed adult AML patients. Patients were treated on Dutch-Belgian Hemato-Oncology Cooperative Group/Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (HOVON/SAKK; n = 3,501) and German-Austrian Acute Myeloid Leukemia Study Group (AMLSG; n = 3,014) protocols. EVI1 and MDS1/EVI1 expression was determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: 3q abnormalities were detected in 4.4% of AML patients (288 of 6,515). Four distinct groups were defined: A: inv(3)/t(3;3), 32%; B: balanced t(3q26), 18%; C: balanced t(3q21), 7%; and D: other 3q abnormalities, 43%. Monosomy 7 was the most common additional aberration in groups (A), 66%; (B), 31%; and (D), 37%. N-RAS mutations and dissociate EVI1 versus MDS1/EVI1 overexpression were associated with inv(3)/t(3;3). Patients with inv(3)/t(3;3) and balanced t(3q21) at diagnosis presented with higher WBC and platelet counts. In multivariable analysis, only inv(3)/t(3;3), but not t(3q26) and t(3q21), predicted reduced relapse-free survival (hazard ratio [HR], 1.99; P < .001) and overall survival (HR, 1.4; P = .006). This adverse prognostic impact of inv(3)/t(3;3) was enhanced by additional monosomy 7. Group D 3q aberrant AML also had a poor outcome related to the coexistence of complex and/or monosomal karyotypes and cryptic inv(3)/t(3;3). CONCLUSION: Various categories of 3q abnormalities in AML can be distinguished according to their clinical, hematologic, and genetic features. AML with inv(3)/t(3;3) represents a distinctive subgroup with unfavorable prognosis.