"Kurz und gut!" : zwanzig Predigten für Feste, Sabbathe und Gelegenheiten. Zum Gebrauche der Prediger, Vorbeter und Lehrer in kleineren Gemeinden

von Samson Gunzenhauser

Mus Hs Opern 505 (1) - Wer das Glück hat, führt die Braut heim, oder im Trüben ist gut fischen : ein Singspiel in drey Aufzügen ; nach dem Italiänischen

die Musik ist vom ... Jos[e]ph Sarti

Der Landwirth im Hause und auf der Flur : ein Handbuch für Verwalter, Landwirthe und Freunde der Landwirthschaft : nebst einigen Anhängen, die Mittel ein ruinirtes Gut bald zu heben, das Ganze des Branntweinbrennens und die Fertigung mehrerer Liqueure betreffend : nebst einigen Zeichnungen

alles auf eigene Erfahrung gegründet von Johann Phillipp Christian Muntz, Großherzogl. Sächs. Weimar-Eisenachischem Oekonomie-Rathe, und Fürstl. Reuß-Köstritz. Oekonomie- und Brauinspector

Die Kunst, auf der Jagd gut zu schießen : als Anhang: Die stets mit dem besten Erfolge angewandte Kunst, Hasen und anderes Wild an jeden beliebigen Ort aus weiter Ferne zahlreich herbei zu locken, so wie ein kurzgefaßtes Wörterbuch der Jägersprache ; Für Jäger und Liebhaber der Jagd

von C. Eichenlaub

Adult weight gain and risk of colon cancer in men

Previous research supports the hypothesis that a "rich" diet (i.e., high in fat and low in fiber) increases the risk of colon cancer. Previous research also supports the hypothesis that physical inactivity increases the risk of colon cancer, perhaps because physical inactivity decreases gut motility, thereby increasing tee time that carcinogens are in contact with the intestinal mucosa. Habitual physical inactivity, combined with rich diet, ordinarily results in chronic energy imbalance and gain in weight, except when energy balance is modified by disease or factors such as cigarette smoking. Cigarette smokers typically stay lean because of effects of smoking on the resting metabolic rate as well as on efficiency of caloric intake and storage. Therefore, if physical inactivity and rich diet do increase the risk of colon cancer, then weight gain during young adulthood should be positively associated with incidence of colon cancer during later life, especially in nonsmokers.^ This hypothesis was investigated in a cohort of 2,059 randomly selected middle-aged men who were employed at the Western Electric Company in Chicago and were free of clinically diagnosed cancer at initial examination in 1958. Body mass index (BMI) in middle age was calculated from measured height and weight at the initial examination. BMI at age 20 was estimated from weight at age 20 as recalled at the initial examination and height as measured at the initial examination. Change in BMI between age 20 and middle age was estimated by subtracting the BMI at 20 from the BMI in middle age. Forty-nine incident cases of colon cancer were detected during 25 years (43,326 person-years) at risk. When stratified by level of change in BMI from age 20 to middle age ($\le$1.9, 2.0-3.9, 4.0-5.9, $\ge$6.0 kg/m$\sp2$), age-adjusted relative hazards of colon cancer in never-smokers were 1.00, 1.22, 2.31, and 5.01, respectively (p for trend = 0.008); corresponding values in ever-smokers were 1.00, 0.95, 0.77, and 0.87, These associations did not change appreciably after further adjustment for BMI at age 20, subscapular-triceps skinfold ratio, cigarette smoking, consumption of alcohol, energy, fat, and calcium.^ We also investigated the hypothesis that the risk of colon cancer was higher in men who were lean at age 20 and became fat by middle age (lean-to-fat) than in men who were fat at age 20 and stayed fat in middle-age (fat-to-fat). "Lean" was defined as BMI $<$24 kg/m$\sp2$ at age 20 and as BMI $<$27.0 kg/m$\sp2$ in middle age. Among never-smokers, in comparison to men who were lean at age 20 and in middle age (lean-to-lean), the age-adjusted relative hazard of colon cancer was 1.43 in the fat-to-fat group (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.37-5.52) and 3.36 in the lean-to-fat group (95% CI 1.21-9.37). This investigation provides new results on the magnitude of risk of colon cancer associated with weight gain during adulthood (from age 20 to middle age). This relation was obscured or underestimated in previous studies due to effect-modification by cigarette smoking. Finally, the result supports the idea that a life-style characterized by chronic energy imbalance during young adulthood increases risk of colon cancer. ^

Relation between acid back -diffusion and luminal surface hydrophobicity in canine gastric mucosa: Effects of salicylate and prostaglandin

The stomach is thought to be protected from luminal acid by a gastric mucosal barrier that restricts the diffusion of acid into tissue. This study tested the hypothesis that the hydrophobic luminal surface of canine gastric mucosa incubated in Ussing chambers, impedes the back-diffusion of luminal acid into the tissue. Isolated sheets of mucosa were treated with cimetidine to inhibit spontaneous acid secretion, and incubated under conditions that prevented significant secretion of luminal bicarbonate. By measuring acid loss from the luminal compartment using the pH-stat technique, acid back-diffusion was continuously monitored; potential difference (PD) was measured as an index of tissue viability. Tissue luminal surface hydrophobicity was estimated by contact angle analysis at the end of each experiment. Addition of 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E$\sb2$ to the nutrient compartment enhanced luminal surface hydrophobicity, but did not reduce acid back-diffusion in tissues that maintained a constant PD. 10 mM salicylate at pH 4.00 in the luminal compartment reduced surface hydrophobicity, but this decrease did not occur if 1 ug/ml prostaglandin was present in the nutrient solution. Despite possessing relatively hydrophilic and relatively hydrophobic surface properties, respectively, acid back-diffusion in the absence of salicylate was not significantly different between these two groups. Neither group maintained a PD after incubation with salicylate. Lastly, radiolabelled salicylate was used to calculate the free (non-salicylate associated) acid loss in tissues incubated with salicylate and/or prostaglandin. No significant correlation was found between free acid back-diffusion and luminal surface hydrophobicity. These data do not support the hypothesis that acid back-diffusion in impeded by the hydrophobic surface presented by isolated canine gastric mucosa. ^

Fundamentos biológicos para el uso de la mucosa oral como vía de aplicación de métodos inmunoterápicos

El transporte de medicamentos a través de la mucosa oral ha sido objeto de particular atención, especialmente en las ultimas dos décadas. Entre las distintas regiones de la mucosa oral, la mucosa sublingual es el sitio primario utilizado para la administración de diferentes sustancias incluidos algunos tipos de antígenos. La estructura histológica de esta área muestra la existencia de numerosas células inmunocompetentes capaces de activar el sistema inmunológico. Previo a la descripción de las diferentes rutas de absorción de fármacos y experiencias sobre permeabilidad de la región sublingual, se realiza una breve reseña de la histología y anatomía del área sublingual. En este trabajo también se tratan las ventajas y desventajas de la vía sublingual y el potencial aprovechamiento de la inmunoterapia sublingual para el tratamiento de patologías sistémicas y orales.