Fabrication of high-Q film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) filters withcarbon nanotube (CNT) electrodes

FBAR devices with carbon nanotube (CNT) electrodes have been developed withthe aim of taking advantage of the low density and high acoustic impedance ofthe CNTs compared to other known materials. The influence of the CNTs on thefrequency response of the FBAR devices was studied by comparing two identicalsets of devices, one set comprised FBARs fabricated with chromium/gold bilayerelectrodes, and the second set comprised FBARs fabricated with CNT electrodes.It was found that the CNTs had a significant effect on attenuating travellingwaves at the surface of the FBARs membranes due to their high elastic stiffness.Finite element analysis of the devices fabricated was carried out using COMSOLMultiphysics, and the numerical results confirmed the experimental resultsobtained. © 2010 IEEE.

Measurement of liquid film thickness by optical fluorescence and its application to an oscillating piston positive displacement flowmeter

The movement of the circular piston in an oscillating piston positive displacement flowmeter is important in understanding the operation of the flowmeter, and the leakage of liquid past the piston plays a key role in the performance of the meter. The clearances between the piston and the chamber are small, typically less than 60 νm. In order to measure this film thickness a fluorescent dye was added to the water passing through the meter, which was illuminated with UV light. Visible light images were captured with a digital camera and analysed to give a measure of the film thickness with an uncertainty of less than 7%. It is known that this method lacks precision unless careful calibration is undertaken. Methods to achieve this are discussed in the paper. The grey level values for a range of film thicknesses were calibrated in situ with six dye concentrations to select the most appropriate one for the range of liquid film thickness. Data obtained for the oscillating piston flowmeter demonstrate the value of the fluorescence technique. The method is useful, inexpensive and straightforward and can be extended to other applications where measurement of liquid film thickness is required. © 2011 IOP Publishing Ltd.

Effect of gate dielectric scaling in nanometer scale vertical thin film transistors

A short channel vertical thin film transistor (VTFT) with 30 nm SiN x gate dielectric is reported for low voltage, high-resolution active matrix applications. The device demonstrates an ON/OFF current ratio as high as 10 9, leakage current in the fA range, and a sub-threshold slope steeper than 0.23 V/dec exhibiting a marked improvement with scaling of the gate dielectric thickness. © 2011 American Institute of Physics.

Soft-lithographic processed soluble micropatterns of reduced graphene oxide for wafer-scale thin film transistors and gas sensors

PDMS based imprinting is firstly developed for patterning of rGO on a large area. High quality stripe and square shaped rGO patterns are obtained and the electrical properties of the rGO film can be adjusted by the concentration of GO suspension. The arrays of rGO electronics are fabricated from the patterned film by a simple shadow mask method. Gas sensors, which are based on these rGO electronics, show high sensitivity and recyclable usage in sensing NH 3. © 2012 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

The Place of Philosophy in Management

Our purpose is to not to define a particular philosophy of management, but rather to demonstrate some of the ways in which philosophy – ethics, metaphysics, epistemology, logic and æsthetics – contributes to the practice of management. We identify a number of contemporary management questions, procedures or issues where the application of philosophical approaches are relevant, and show how philosophical skills, an understanding of philosophical principles or exposure to philosophical discussion can contribute to improved management practice. In some ways the paper is a report on progress in the quest begun by Nigel Laurie and Christopher Cherry in the first issue of Philosophy of Management, formerly Reason in Practice (2001) when they asked why philosophers have interested themselves so little in the entire field of management. We include some examples where philosophers have written about management, some where managers have shown the direct impact of philosophy on management effectiveness and some where potential remains. In much we see links to process philosophy, and to the need for conversation and reflection by and between managers and philosophers. This does not of itself show how philosophy can contribute to management education. A brief final section discusses the way in which moral creativity skills can be developed through reflection, and describes how this has been done in the Manufacturing Leaders’ Programme at the Institute for Manufacturing at Cambridge and in the International Management Ethics & Values course taught to undergraduate management students in Adelaide, Singapore and Hong Kong. This will be taken up in a subsequent paper.

Metastability mechanisms in thin film transistors quantitatively resolved using post-stress relaxation of threshold voltage

A new approach is presented to resolve bias-induced metastability mechanisms in hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) thin film transistors (TFTs). The post stress relaxation of threshold voltage (V(T)) was employed to quantitatively distinguish between the charge trapping process in gate dielectric and defect state creation in active layer of transistor. The kinetics of the charge de-trapping from the SiN traps is analytically modeled and a Gaussian distribution of gap states is extracted for the SiN. Indeed, the relaxation in V(T) is in good agreement with the theory underlying the kinetics of charge de-trapping from gate dielectric. For the TFTs used in this work, the charge trapping in the SiN gate dielectric is shown to be the dominant metastability mechanism even at bias stress levels as low as 10 V.

Performance of thin film carbon materials and carbon nanotubes as cold cathodes

The field emissions from three different types of carbon films are studied using a Kiethly voltage-current source-measure unit under computer control. The three types of carbon films are : 1) a-C:H:N deposited using an inductively coupled rf PECVD process, where the N content in the films can be as high as 30 at %; 2) cathodic arc deposited tetrahedral amorphous carbon with embedded regions of carbon nanotube and anion structures and 3) unoriented carbon nanotube films on a porous substrate. The films are formed by filtering a solution of nanotubes dispersed in alcohol through the pores and drying.

Film bulk acoustic resonator nanosensors for multi-task sensing

This paper shows that film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) arrays can be very useful sensors either to detect physical parameters such as temperature and pressure directly or to detect bio-chemicals with extremely high sensitivities by incorporating a chemisorption layer or bio-probe molecules. Furthermore, it also shows that surface acoustic wave devices can be integrated with a FBAR sensor array on the same piezoelectric substrate as the microfluidics systems to perform transportation and mixing of biosamples etc. demonstrating the possibility to fabricate integrated lab-on-a-chip detection systems, in which all the actuators and sensors are operated by acoustic wave devices. This makes the detection system simple, low cost and easy to operate and hence has great commercial potential. © 2011 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.