948 resultados para elettrofilatura membrane nanofibrose in Nylon 66 CFRP contrasto alla delaminazione test DCB


Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Determinaram-se a degradabilidade potencial (DP) e a digestibilidade intestinal da proteína não degradada no rúmen (DIPNDR) do capim-elefante em diferentes idades de rebrote (30, 45 e 60 dias) e comparou-se a técnica do saco de náilon móvel (in situ) com o método de três estádios (in vitro). Para tanto, utilizaram-se seis novilhos mestiços canulados no rúmen e duodeno alimentados exclusivamente com capim-elefante picado. O ensaio de degradabilidade foi realizado com amostras do capim incubadas no rúmen por 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 e 120h. A digestibilidade intestinal foi determinada utilizando-se os resíduos de incubação por 24 horas. Na técnica in situ os resíduos em sacos de náilon foram colocados no duodeno e recuperados nas fezes. No método in vitro, os resíduos foram submetidos à digestão com HCl-pepsina-pancreatina. em amostras de capim com idades de 30, 45 e 60 dias foram observados valores de DP da proteína de 87,5; 87,8 e 83,8%, respectivamente. A DIPNDR variou com a idade do capim e foi semelhante entre os métodos in situ e in vitro somente para o capim com 60 dias. O método in situ apresentou estimativa de digestibilidade intestinal mais coerente com as mudanças na composição química do capim-elefante decorrentes do envelhecimento.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The use of membrane filters in the post-treatment of sewage has been increasingly employed to obtain water quality, applicable to various forms of reuse. Despite the advantages presented using the permeate membranes, such as saving water and reducing water pollution, the concentrate generated in the process ends up being an inconvenience to the deployment of this technology due to lack of sustainable solutions for their management. Thus, the main objective of this research was to evaluate the use of membranes for microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis concentrated in agriculture, using it as liquid fertilizer. The permeated membranes were also assessed in order to identify activities in which they could be reused. Five configurations were established from four types of membranes, so that each configuration represents a different system. The tests were conducted in batch mode, with triplicate for each configuration. The results indicated that permeated the microfiltration and ultrafiltration can be used in urban areas, in non-potable uses. Have the nanofiltration permeate can be reused in the industry, replacement cooling towers, and other non -potable uses required in the manufacturing unit. The permeate obtained in reverse osmosis met the intended uses for nanofiltration as well as the standards required for boiler feed, adding alkalizing being required to raise the pH to the recommended value. Concentrates generated in nanofiltration and reverse osmosis can be availed as liquid fertilizer in agriculture, but they must be diluted in the irrigation water, in order to adjust the salt concentration allowed for the least tolerant crops patterns

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The positive profile of systemically-administered 5-HT(1A) receptor antagonists in several rodent models of anxiolytic activity suggests an important role for postsynaptic 5-HT(1A) receptor mechanisms in anxiety. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the effects of WAY-100635 microinfusions (0, 0.1, 1.0 or 3.0 mug in 0.2 mul) into the dorsal (DH) or ventral (VH) hippocampus an behaviours displayed by male Swiss-Webster mice in the elevated plus-maze. As prior experience is known to modify pharmacological responses in this test, the effects of intra-hippocampal infusions were examined both in maze-naive and maze-experienced subjects. Test videotapes were scored for conventional indices of anxiety (% open arm entries/time) and locomotor activity (closed arm entries), as well as a range of ethological measures (e.g. risk assessment). In maze-naive mice, intra-VH (but not intra-M) infusions of WAY-100635 (3.0 mug but not lower doses) increased open arm exploration and reduced risk assessment. These effects were observed in the absence of significant changes in locomotor activity. In contrast, neither intra-VH nor intra-DH infusions of WAY-100635 altered the behaviour of maze-experienced mice. These Findings suggest that postsynaptic 5-HT(1A) receptors in the ventral (but not dorsal) hippocampus play a significant role both in the mediation of plus-maze anxiety in mice and in experientially-induced alterations in responses to this test. (C) 2002 Elsevier B.V. BY All rights reserved.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Studies in several laboratories have confirmed the anxiolytic potential of a wide range of 5-HT1A receptor antagonists in rats and mice, with recent evidence pointing to a postsynaptic site of action in the ventral hippocampus. It would, therefore, be predicted that blockade of 5-HT1A somatodendritic autoreceptors in the midbrain raphe nuclei should produce anxiogenic-like effects. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the effects of WAY-100635 microinfusions (0, 1.0 or 3.0 mug in 0.1 mul) into the dorsal (DRN) or median (MRN) raphe nuclei on behaviours displayed by male Swiss-Webster mice in the elevated plus-maze. As this test is sensitive to prior experience. The effects of intra-raphe infusions were examined both in maze-naive and maze-experienced subjects. Sessions, were videotaped and subsequently scored for conventional indices of anxiety (open arm avoidance) and locomotor activity (closed arm entries), as well as a range of ethological measures (e.g. risk assessment). In maze-naive mice, intra-MRN (but not intra-DRN) infusions of WAY-100635 (3.0 mug) increased open arm exploration and reduced risk assessment. Importantly, these effects could not be attributed to a general reduction in locomotor activity. A similar, though somewhat weaker, pattern of behavioural change was observed in maze-experienced animals. This unexpected anxiolytic effect of 5-HT1A autoreceptor blockade in the MRN cannot be accounted fur by a disinhibition of 5-HT release in forebrain targets (e.g. hippocampus and amygdala), where stimulation of postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptors enhances anxiety-like responses. However, as the MRN also projects to the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG), an area known to be sensitive to the anti-aversive effects or 5-HT, it is argued that present results may reflect increased 5-HT release at this crucial midbrain locus within the neural circuitry of defense. (C) 2002 Elsevier B.V. B.V. All rights reserved.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

A atividade física tem sido sistematicamente estudada como fator preventivo no acometimento de enfermidades crônico-degenerativas, especialmente a síndrome metabólica e doenças cardiovasculares. Sedentarismo está relacionado à diminuição ou ausência de parâmetros mínimos de exigência física diária além do estado de repouso, sendo este fortemente associado à redução na condição de saúde dos indivíduos portadores de deficiência física. As respostas metabólicas do organismo mediante a ausência de determinada musculatura, ou sua inatividade pela falta de estímulos, conduzem a diferenças significativas na estruturação da composição corporal. Esta pesquisa teve como objeto o exercício físico regular e a condição de saúde de indivíduos portadores de deficiência física, através da determinação do perfil antropométrico e bioquímico sangüíneo, e ainda pela determinação da prevalência de fatores de risco para síndrome metabólica. Foram estudados 27 homens com paraplegia (T2-L1), portadores de seqüelas de poliomielite ou amputados, divididos em jogadores de basquetebol cadeirantes (JBC) e não jogadores de basquetebol cadeirantes (NJBC). Os JBC apresentaram circunferência de cintura menor comparada aos NJBC, 76,40±8,44 e 89,25±9,73 cm respectivamente (p<0,05). A pressão arterial sistólica foi significativamente maior nos NJBC 123,33±13,70 e 114,00±9,85 mmHg para JBC (p<0,05), não sendo verificada diferença para PAD. Os NJBC apresentaram valores superiores aos JBC para a bioquímica sangüínea de glicemia, TG, CT e frações, exceto para HDL-C (p<0,05). Os indivíduos NJBC apresentaram alta prevalência para fatores de risco da SM, sendo hipertensão arterial prevalente em 58,33% dos indivíduos, dislipidemia de HDL-C presente em 50% e circunferência de cintura acima da normalidade em 41,66%. Os achados do presente estudo sugerem um papel importante do exercício físico na prevenção da síndrome metabólica, embora estudos adicionais devam ser realizados para a melhor compreensão dos mecanismos que promovem a saúde dos deficientes físicos ativos.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Objectives: To evaluate how to develop dynamic hyperinflation (DH) during exercise, the influence of pursed-lip breathing in (PLB) on breathing pattern and operating volume in patients with asthma. Methods: We studied 12 asthmatic patients in three moments: (1) anthropometry and spirometry, (2) submaximal incremental cycle ergometer test in spontaneous breathing and (3), submaximal incremental test on a cycle ergometer with PLB using the Opto-electronic plethysmography. Results: Evaluating the end-expiratory lung volume (EEV) during submaximal incremental test in spontaneous breathing, patients were divided into euvolume and hyperinflated. The RFL has increased significantly, the variation of the EEV group euvolume (1.4L) and decreased in group hyperinflated (0.272L). In group volume observed a significant increase of 140% in Vt at baseline, before exercise, comparing the RFL and spontaneous breathing. Hyperinflated group was observed that the RFL induced significant increases of Vt at all times of the test incremental baseline, 50%, 100% load and 66% recovery, 250%, 61.5% and 66% respectively. Respiratory rate decreased significantly with PLB at all times of the submaximal incremental test in the group euvolume. The speed of shortening of inspiratory muscles (VtRcp/Ti) in the hyperinflated increased from 1.6 ± 0.8L/s vs. 2.55 ± 0.9L/s, whereas in the RFL euvolume group ranged from 0.72 ± 0.31L/s vs. 0.65 ± 0.2L/s. The velocity of shortening of the expiratory muscles (VtAb/Te) showed similarity in response to RFL. In group hyperinflated varied vs. 0.89 ± 0.47 vs. 0.80 ± 0.36 and ± 1.17 ± 1L vs. 0.78 ± 0.6 for group euvolume. Conclusion: Different behavior in relation to EEV in patients with moderate asthma were observed, the HD and decreased EEV in response to exercise. The breathing pattern was modulated by both RFL performance as at home, making it more efficient

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

A síndrome G/BBB é uma condição rara, caracterizada por hipertelorismo, fissura de lábio e palato e hipospádia. Não foram encontrados trabalhos sobre a audição em indivíduos com esta síndrome. OBJETIVO: Investigar a função auditiva em pacientes com síndrome G/BBB quanto à ocorrência ou não de perda auditiva e a condução nervosa auditiva periférica e central. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Catorze pacientes de 7 a 34 anos, do gênero masculino, com a síndrome G/BBB, foram avaliados por meio de otoscopia, audiometria, timpanometria e potenciais evocados auditivos de tronco encefálico (PEATE). Forma de Estudo: Estudo de série clínico prospectivo. RESULTADOS: Limiares audiométricos normais em 12 (66,7%) pacientes da amostra e alterados em dois (33,3%), sendo um com perda condutiva e um neurossensorial. Quanto ao PEATE, foram encontrados: latências absolutas da onda I normais em todos os pacientes, aumento das latências absolutas da onda III e V em dois e seis pacientes respectivamente; latências interpicos I-III, III-V e I-V aumentadas em quatro, três e oito pacientes, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: Perdas auditivas periféricas podem ocorrer na síndrome G/BBB. Há evidências de comprometimento das vias auditivas centrais em nível do tronco encefálico. Estudos com exames de imagem são necessários para maior clareza dos achados clínicos.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Objetivos: avaliar a evolução ultra-sonográfica de cistos subependimários (CSE) do ângulo externo dos ventrículos laterais, e a evolução clínica dos pacientes. Comparar os pacientes com CSE isolados e os com CSE associados a outras lesões. Métodos: foram diagnosticados um a vários cistos no ângulo externo de um ou de ambos os ventrículos laterais, por meio de ultra-som transfontanelar (US) de rotina, realizado nos primeiros dias de vida, caracterizando os CSE. Durante o período de 1981-2000, 66 recém-nascidos tiveram CSE evidenciados na UTI neonatal do Hospital de Port-Royal. Foram constituídos dois grupos: G-I, com CSE isolados (n=21), e G-II, com CSE associados a outras lesões (n=45). Resultados: os recém-nascidos do GI apresentaram maior maturidade, melhores condições de nascimento e menor morbidade respiratória em relação a GII. A incidência de malformações congênitas foi elevada em ambos os grupos. Houve baixa taxa de infecção bacteriana e ausência de infecção congênita. Os CSE foram uni ou bilaterais, únicos ou múltiplos (colar de pérolas), sem diferença entre os grupos estudados, e predominaram à esquerda. US seriados foram realizados em 49/66 pacientes (74%), mostrando aumento no tamanho do cisto em 21/49 (45%), no primeiro mês de vida, enquanto 12 CSE (24%) desapareceram. O óbito ocorreu em dez recém-nascidos com lesões neurológica graves (quatro leucomalácias periventriculares, cinco hemorragias peri e intraventriculares), e somente um com hérnia diafragmática não apresentava outras lesões ao US transfontanelar. Conclusões: as características dos CSE não diferiram quando esses estavam associados a outras lesões. O nítido predomínio no lado esquerdo sugere uma etiologia vascular. Foi encontrada uma alta taxa de malformações associadas, alertando para a possibilidade de uma etiologia malformativa. Ambas hipóteses sugerem um desvio de desenvolvimento, e não de uma fetopatia viral.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

As miopatias em equinos são classificadas de acordo com aspectos clínicos, morfológicos e moleculares, em três grandes grupos: não associadas ao exercício, associadas ao exercício e devido alteração da condução elétrica do sarcolema. Apesar dos avanços no diagnóstico, a literatura ainda relata surtos de miopatia em equinos sem etiologia esclarecida em diversos países. O objetivo desse estudo foi descrever as alterações histológicas e histoquímicas de biópsias musculares de equinos acometidos por miopatia. Sete equinos da raça Quarto de Milha, com 18-24 meses de idade, apresentaram sinais clínicos de miopatia. Dentre esses animais, cinco apresentaram sinais subagudos leves a moderados e dois apresentaram sinais hiperagudos severos e decúbito lateral. Foram realizadas biópsias musculares utilizando a técnica percutânea, por agulha tipo Bergström, no músculo glúteo médio em todos os animais acometidos. As amostras foram processadas por meio de técnicas histológicas (HE, Tricrômio de Gomori modificado) e histoquímicas (PAS, NADH, ATPase). Nos quadros clínicos mais leves, a principal alteração encontrada foi a presença de fibras vermelhas rajadas do tipo I e IIA, que estão associadas às alterações do metabolismo oxidativo e das funções mitocondriais, como ocorrem nas miopatias mitocondriais. Também foram observadas fibras atróficas do tipo I e IIA, além da presença de agregados subsarcolemais. Nos quadros mais severos o tecido muscular apresentou infiltrado inflamatório, aumento de colágeno, fagocitose, necrose, calcificação e regeneração muscular. Diante dos achados morfológicos, da resposta à terapia com vitamina E e Se e da baixa mortalidade quando comparado aos relatos de miopatia atípica, conclui-se que esse surto foi desencadeado por lesões mitocondriais, caracterizadas pelas fibras musculares vermelhas rajadas, possivelmente devido uma quebra da homeostase de vitamina E e Se, sendo compatível com o diagnóstico de miopatia nutricional.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Agaricus blazei Murill, popularly known as Sun Mushroom or Himematsutake, is native to Brazil. Nowadays, this mushroom has been target of great scientific interest due to its medical power and because it has shown antitumoral and immune modulatory properties. This work evaluated the mutagenic and antimutagenic potential from aqueous extracts prepared in different temperatures (4 degreesC, 25 degreesC and 60 degreesC) from the lineage AB 97/29 in two basidiocarp phases (young and sporulated) and from A. blazei commercialized in Londrina- PR - Brazil, named here as AB PR, and in Piedade- SP- Brazil, named as AB SP. Both micronucleus (MN) as comet assays were used. Chinese hamster lung V79 cells were treated in three antimutagenic experimental protocols: pre-, post- and simultaneous treatments, with the aqueous extracts of the A. blazei Murill and methyl methanesulfonate (MMS). The results suggested that under these circumstances of treatment, aqueous extracts of the A. blazei in both assays did not show any genotoxic potential. However, by the MN test, an antigenotoxic effect was shown against mutagenicity inducted by MMS for aqueous extracts at 60 degreesC of mushroom commercialized in Piedade- SP, in pre-, post- and simultaneous treatments and for AB PR only when used in pre-treatment. on the other hand, with comet assay, the results showed no protective effect in any case. The numbers indicated that different results can be get from A. blazei teas, and that not all of them seemed to be an efficient antimutagen against the induction of micronuclei by MMS. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The zoonoses toxoplasmosis and leishmaniasis are important worldwide and also affect wild animals. Thus, the present study aimed to assess the prevalence of Leishmania spp. and Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in 52 serum samples from captive crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous) kept in 17 zoos in São Paulo State, Brazil. Modified agglutination test (MAT, for toxoplasmosis) and indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT, for toxoplasmosis and leishmaniasis) were employed with heterologous anti-dog immunoglobulin. Antibodies to T. gondii were found in 19.2% animals, with an almost perfect concordance (kappa = 0.86; standard error = 9.31%; CI95% = 68.25-104.76%; P < 0.0001) and a strong correlation coefficient (rs = 0.87; P < 0.0001), which allows the use of heterologous anti-dog immunoglobulin to perform IFAT for toxoplasmosis in crab-eating foxes. No sample was positive for Leishmania spp. Toxoplasmosis infection occurs in wild animals from the studied Brazilian zoos, which indicates a probable environmental contamination, highlighting the importance of appropriate zoo management and the action of the parasite as a sentinel to human infection. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The use of glycol methacrylate (GMA) avoids some technical artifacts, which are usually observed in paraffin-embedded sections, providing good morphological resolution. on the other hand, weak staining have been mentioned during the use of different methods in plastic sections. In the present study, changes in the histological staining procedures have been assayed during the use of staining and histochemical methods in different GMA-embedded tissues.Samples of tongue, submandibular and sublingual glands, cartilage, portions of respiratory tract and nervous ganglion were fixed in 4% formaldehyde and embedded in glycol methacrylate. The sections of tongue and nervous ganglion were stained by H&E. Picrosirius, Toluidine Blue and Sudan Black B methods were applied, respectively, for identification of collagen fibers in submandibular gland, sulfated glycosaminoglycans in cartilage (metachromasia) and myelin lipids in nervous ganglion. Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) method was used for detection of glycoconjugates in submandibular gland and cartilage while AB/PAS combined methods were applied for detection of mucins in the respiratory tract. In addition, a combination of Alcian Blue (AB) and Picrosirius methods was also assayed in the sublingual gland sections.The GMA-embedded tissue sections showed an optimal morphological integrity and were favorable to the staining methods employed in the present study. In the sections of tongue and nervous ganglion, a good contrast of basophilic and acidophilic structures was obtained by H&E. An intense eosinophilia was observed either in the striated muscle fibers or in the myelin sheaths in which the lipids were preserved and revealed by Sudan Black B. In the cartilage matrix, a strong metachromasia was revealed by Toluidine Blue in the negatively-charged glycosaminoglycans. In the chondrocytes, glycogen granules were intensely positive to PAS method. Extracellular glycoproteins were also PAS positive in the basal membrane and in the region occupied by the lamina externa and reticular fibers surrounding each smooth muscle cells of the blood vessels. In the epithelial cells of the respiratory tract, acid and neutral mucins were histochemically detected by AB and PAS methods, respectively. Moreover, granules containing acid and neutral mucins were revealed in purple by AB and PAS concomitantly. In the sublingual gland sections, a distinct affinity of acid mucins by AB (in turquoise-blue) and collagen fibers by Picrosirius (in red) was obtained when these methods were combined. Although some routine dyes used in paraffin sections have showed a weak stain in historesin sections, our results showed that different dyes could be applied in GMA sections if modified staining procedures were assayed. Therefore, appropriate staining contrast and, thus, detection of one or different substances in a same section can be acquired in association to the good morphological resolution provided by GMA. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.