Male fetal progenitor cells persist in maternal blood for as long as 27 years postpartum.

Rare nucleated fetal cells circulate within maternal blood. Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis by isolation and genetic analysis of these cells is currently being undertaken. We sought to determine if genetic evidence existed for persistent circulation of fetal cells from prior pregnancies. Venous blood samples were obtained from 32 pregnant women and 8 nonpregnant women who had given birth to males 6 months to 27 years earlier. Mononuclear cells were sorted by flow cytometry using antibodies to CD antigens 3, 4, 5, 19, 23, 34, and 38. DNA within sorted cells, amplified by PCR for Y chromosome sequences, was considered predictive of a male fetus or evidence of persistent male fetal cells. In the 32 pregnancies, male DNA was detected in 13 of 19 women carrying a male fetus. In 4 of 13 pregnancies with female fetuses, male DNA was also detected. All of the 4 women had prior pregnancies; 2 of the 4 had prior males and the other 2 had terminations of pregnancy. In 6 of the 8 nonpregnant women, male DNA was detected in CD34+CD38+ cells, even in a woman who had her last son 27 years prior to blood sampling. Our data demonstrate the continued maternal circulation of fetal CD34+ or CD34+CD38+ cells from a prior pregnancy. The prolonged persistence of fetal progenitor cells may represent a human analogue of the microchimerism described in the mouse and may have significance in development of tolerance of the fetus. Pregnancy may thus establish a long-term, low-grade chimeric state in the human female.

Qualidade de intera����o entre familiar/cuidador e adulto ou idoso p��s-acidente vascular cerebral (AVC)

Considerando a fam��lia como institui����o prim��ria a qual se tem acesso, e a sua relev��ncia nos diversos processos os quais o ser humano passa durante a vida, um resultado desse movimento s��o as mudan��as na din��mica familiar, quando h��, por exemplo, o adoecimento de algum dos membros e um familiar torna-se cuidador. , atentando-se para as necessidades de cada sistema familiar. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a qualidade da rela����o entre o cuidador familiar e adulto ou idoso p��s-Acidente Vascular Cerebral, que se encontram no processo de reabilita����o. Participaram deste estudo, familiares de 11 pacientes que se encontram em atendimento na Cl��nica de Fonoaudiologia da Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru FOB/USP. Para a coleta de dados foram agendadas entrevistas com a aplica����o de question��rios para caracterizar os aspectos interacionais entre o cuidador familiar e a pessoa cuidada, avaliar o n��vel de depend��ncia na realiza����o de atividades b��sicas e instrumentais di��rias e como esses fatores podem influenciar na sobrecarga do cuidador, considerando o tempo do Acidente Vascular Cerebral (tAVC) e tempo de conviv��ncia di��ria (tCD) e, consequentemente, oferecer uma qualidade da rela����o insatisfat��ria. A m��dia de idade dos participantes foi de 49 anos, houve predomin��ncia do sexo feminino (63,6%), a m��dia de tAVC de 44 meses e a m��dia de tCD foi de 19 horas. Para a an��lise dos dados optou-se por uma an��lise descritiva e abordagem quantitativa para a apresenta����o dos dados, para determinar a correla����o entre as vari��veis foi utilizado o Coeficiente de Correla����o de Spearman e adotado n��vel de signific��ncia de 5% (p<0,05). Os resultados oferecem subs��dios para estudos complementares direcionados ao desenvolvimento de interven����es no ��mbito familiar. A psicologia pode auxiliar nessa tarefa de observar os comportamentos e as intera����es dos indiv��duos, al��m de avaliar o contexto desse paciente, em especial, na descri����o da qualidade da rela����o entre paciente-familiar, partindo da atual situa����o vivenciada.

Health-related quality of life and determinant factors in celiac disease. A population-based analysis of adult patients in Spain

Background: Celiac disease (CD) has a negative impact on the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of affected patients. Although HRQL and its determinants have been examined in Spanish CD patients specifically recruited in hospital settings, these aspects of CD have not been assessed among the general Spanish population. Methods: An observational, transversal study of a non-randomized, representative sample of adult celiac patients throughout all of Spain's Autonomous Regions. Subjects were recruited through celiac patient associations. A Spanish version of the self-administered Celiac Disease-Quality of Life (CD-QOL) questionnaire was used. Determinant factors of HRQL were assessed with the aid of multivariate analysis to control for confounding factors. Results: We analyzed the responses provided by 1,230 patients, 1,092 (89.2%) of whom were women. The overall mean value for the CD-QOL index was 56.3 �� 18.27 points. The dimension that obtained the most points was dysphoria, with 81.3 �� 19.56 points, followed by limitations with 52.3 �� 23.43 points; health problems, with 51.6 �� 26.08 points, and inadequate treatment, with 36.1 �� 21.18 points. Patient age and sex, along with time to diagnosis, and length of time on a gluten-free diet were all independent determinant factors of certain dimensions of HRQL: women aged 31 to 40 expressed poorer HRQL while time to diagnosis and length of time on a gluten-free diet were determinant factors for better HRQL scores. Conclusions: The HRQL of adult Spanish celiac subjects is moderate, improving with the length of time patients remain on a gluten-free diet.

No. 13 Statement of Col. purchases since last valuation--amount of Interest on all purchase monies within the last 10 years, & annual rent of all other rented real Estate belonging to College, [1799]

One octavo-sized leaf containing a short handwritten list of accounting figures.

The Fate of Greece in a ���Genuine Economic and Monetary Union���: Lessons from a small island state. CEPS Hi-Level Brief, 19 June 2015 Friday, 19 June 2015

As the Greek debt drama reaches another supposedly decision point, Daniel Gros urges creditors (and indeed all policy-makers) to think about the long term and poses one key question in this CEPS High-Level Brief: What can be gained by keeping Greece inside the euro area at ���whatever it takes���? As he points out, the US, with its unified politics and its federal fiscal transfer system, is often taken as a model for the Eurozone, and it is thus instructive to consider the longer-term performance of an area of the US which has for years been kept afloat by massive transfers, and which is now experiencing a public debt crisis. The entity in question is Puerto Rico, which is an integral part of the US in all relevant economic dimensions (currency, economic policy, etc.). The dismal fiscal and economic performance of Puerto Rico carries two lessons: 1) Keeping Greece in the eurozone by increasing implicit subsidies in the form of debt forgiveness might create a low-growth equilibrium with increasing aid dependency. 2) It is wrong to assume that, further integration, including a fiscal and political union, would be sufficient to foster convergence, and prevent further problems of the type the EU is experiencing with Greece.

The OSCE marks 40 years since the Helsinki Final Act: Its principles are more valid than ever. CEPS Essay No. 19, 24 July 2015

Forty years after world leaders from Vancouver to Vladivostok signed up to the ten principles of the Helsinki Final Act, in this CEPS Essay Erwan Fou��r�� considers the historic significance of the agreement that laid the foundations for today���s Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. The author concludes with a number of recommendations that recall the principles of the Helsinki Final Act of 1975 and argues that, if participating states are willing to uphold them, these principles have even greater relevance today for the resolution of Europe���s complex and protracted conflicts.

The complete confectioner, or, Housekeeper's guide to a simple and speedy method of understanding the whole art of confectionary : the various ways of preserving and candying, dry and liquid, all kinds of fruit, nuts, flowers, herbs, &c. And the method of keeping them fresh and fine all the year round; the different ways of clarifying sugar; with directions for making fruit pastes, bomboons, pastils, compotes, fruit ices, cream ices, marmalades, jellies, jams, cakes, puffs, biscuits, tarts, custards, cheesecakes, sweetmeats, fritters, creams, syllabubs, blanc-mange, flummeries, ornaments for grand entertainments, dragees, syrups of all kinds, nicknacks and trifles for desserts, strong cordials, oils, simple waters, milk punch that will keep 20 years, and all sorts of English wines. Also, the art of making artificial fruit, with the stalks in it, so as to resemble the natural fruit. To which are added, some bills of fare for desserts for private families /

Originally published under title: The compleat confectioner. Cf. Bitting, K.G. Gastronomic bib., p. 190.

The American cottage cookery-book, or, Housekeeping made easy, pleasant and economical in all its departments : the result of many years' practical experience and observation, and designed as a reliable aid to those who study economy of time and materials /

Includes sections on food preparation, cooking for the sick, and household hints; some recipes include wine or liquor as an ingredient. Sample recipes: Alamode beef, Cold slaw, Little plum cakes that will keep a year, Currant jelly.

The model T Ford car, its construction, operation and repair; a complete practical treatise explaining the operating principles of all parts of the Ford automobile, with complete instructions for driving and maintenance; includes the most thorough and easily understood illustrated instructions on Ford repairing ever published; based on five years' experience of a Ford operator--invaluable to all Ford owners, dealers, salesmen, drivers and repair men--every phase of the subject treated in a non-technical yet comprehensive manner,

Mode of access: Internet.

Supplement to the Page & Adams' Annotated general code of the state of Ohio, containing all laws of a permanent and general nature enacted by the General assembly of Ohio for the years 1913, 1914, 1915, and contained in volumes of Ohio laws 103, 104, 105, 106 /

Paged continuously.