Comparação de metodologias na definição de fluxos acumulados a partir de modelos digitais de elevação do terreno aplicado a suscetibilidade de inundações

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Indicadores morfométricos: uma ferramenta no diagnóstico da vulnerabilidade ambiental

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Análise de uso da terra e sua interferência em enchentes na região do Córrego Lavapés, Rio Claro (SP)

The development of cities is initially nearby rivers and with the intensification of the urbanization process occurs the soil sealing, leading to an increased level of water runoff, and, consequently, in a greater number of floods. The main goal of this study is to verify the interference of land occupation in the floods of the Lavapés Stream basin, Rio Claro (SP), in five temporal series, 1962, 1972, 1988, 1995 and 2014. The characterizations of land use were made from photo-interpretation and, thus, were produced thematic maps on scale 1: 20.000. The description of the Soil Conservation Service, 2007 was the basis for the classification of land use, thus achieving the CN parameter (Curve Number) used in hydrologic modeling done in IPHS1 program. The results indicate that soil sealing associated with the growth of the city of Rio Claro are responsible for increasing of the discharge in the Lavapés Stream basin and floods in this watershed

Evolução da área florestada na região de Botucatu/SP no período de 1996 a 2008 visando à implantação da Reserva Legal

Due to the considerations on the Legal Forest Reserve, the aim of this paper is to show the distribution of the farming areas in the region and their application – especially natural forests. Also, to compare the municipal values with those stated in the Brazilian Forest Code in order to analyze the process of implementing 20% of forest area in relation to the total farming area, at municipal and regional levels, not considering the areas of each of the farms nor the watershed to which they belong with the Brazilian Forestry Code. The work results show that all municipalities in the region of Botucatu do not have forest areas equal or greater than 20% of total area. Therefore, a non-exploratory reforestation procedure will have to be implemented to follow legal requirements. Finally, the results show that the city of Areiópolis will face the greatest difficulties in implementing the 20% of forests with regard to the Legal Forest Reserve, until 2021, when the deadline stated by the Legal Code expires. According to the same variables, the municipalities of Anhembi, Conchas, Laranjal Paulista, Pereiras, Pratânia and São Manuel will face medium-level difficulties, whereas Bofete, Botucatu, Itatinga and Pardinho will implement it the easiest way.

Análise do conflito do uso e ocupação da terra em área de preservação permanente através do SIG

This study aimed to map the classes of use and occupation and their conflicts in Areas of Permanent Preservation (APPs) in the basin of Ribeirão São Pedro - Botucatu (SP) with the use of remote sensing techniques - image obtained by satellite 2011 - and the use of GIS. For this, we used the GIS techniques, and the integration of information held in the Geographic Information System (GIS) - IDRISI, coupled with the use of digital maps, published by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics - IBGE, scale 1: 50,000 and satellite images LANDSAT - 5 (2011) sensor TM (Thematic Mapper) with spatial resolution of 30 x 30 meters, provided by the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) .The Geographic Information System (GIS) was used IDRISI Selva and software, CartaLinx. This work had as legal support environmental legislation, specifically, the Federal Law 12.651 / 12. Thus, the study of the watershed becomes an important tool to understand its dynamics in relation to the use and occupation of their area and to characterize their environmental problems and taking as legal counsel to the preservation and conservation of the land to support environmental legislation.

Geoprocessamento de variáveis morfométricas para caracterização da microbacia do Córrego do Petiço

This study aims to perform the morphometric characterization of the watershed stream Petiço, Botucatu-SP, through techniques of GIS by GIS IDRISI Selva and Charter planialtimetric Botucatu (SF-22-ZB-VI-3) , edited by IBGE (1969), scale 1: 50000 for ranking the drainage network and the morphometric analysis. The variables analyzed were the dimensions, the relief pattern, pattern of the drainage network and the shape variables. The results show that related to how the watershed has an oblong shape with environmental interpretation with low tendency to flooding and erosion. The sinuosity index of 1.22 shows that the channels of the micro tend to be somewhat sinuous, which allows to infer that is permeable soil with good water infiltration. Based on the results of the morphometric variables was found that the watershed is in good condition of conservation, however, presents certain risks of susceptibility to erosion, and environmental degradation in some points, being fundamental to the maintenance of vegetation cover, in view of the roughness coefficient (Rn). Thus, the evaluation of morphometric characteristics in the study watershed constitutes an important tool in conjunction with the use of GIS and Geographic Information Systems makes possible the planning and management of natural resources aimed at their conservation.

Agrupamentos de amostras circulares em função das unidades de solo

The objective of the study was to analyze the features of the relief through the variables: maximum altitude (HM); mean altitude (Hmd); minimum altitude (Hm); altitude range (H); average slope length (CVm); minimum length of run-off (Cd) and average steepness of circular samples (I) of the Capivara River Watershed – Botucatu (SP). A total of 4 circular samples were obtained per unit of soil (Quartzipsamment alfisol oxisol - RQ, Udox - LVA and Udorthent - RL). Multivariable analysis and aerial color photographs of 2000, Brazilian Chart and Soil Chart of Botucatu city-SP were used for data analyses. Soil differentiation was performed using the Student-t Test for analyzes of orthogonal contrasts among means of the three soils and analysis of groupings and major components. The grouping analysis of the variables of relief differentiated 75% of LVA and 100% of RL and RQ soil circular samples. The most efficient parameters of relief for differentiation of soils according to their order of importance were as follows: HM, Hm, Hmd and H.

Avaliação da adequação da ocupação do solo em áreas de preservação permanente (APPs)

Evaluation and adequacy of land occupation in Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs) are important to ensure quantity and quality of water and local biodiversity. The objective of the study was mapping PPAs according to the Brazilian Forest Code and quantifying land cover and use, establishing the conflict of PPAs occupation in the Ribeirão Lavapés sub watershed. The area is 11,154.58 ha, and is located in Botucatu city, Midwestern region of São Paulo state. For this reason, geoprocessing tools, such as Remote Sensing and the Geographic Information System (SIG) were used. The dominant classes of land use and cover were the Urban Zone in Reverse Cuesta, 4,394.27 ha (39.39%) and Annual Crops in the Peripheral Depression, 3,670.89 ha (39.39%). The mapped area of native forest vegetal cover in the sub watershed was of 1,109.70 ha. Regarding the mapping of PPAs, considering the total area of 1,721.80 ha, a total of 532.15 ha (30.91%) are covered by Riparian Forest and 1,189.65 ha (69.09%) had no native riparian vegetation, therefore, requiring its reforestation.

Aplicação de análise multicriterial para determinação de áreas prioritárias à recomposição florestal

Using the Geographic Information System (GIS) and taking into account its capability to analyze spatial data, a database of updated spatial data from the sub-basin of the Descalvado stream, Botucatu, SP, was developed to provide an evaluation and diagnosis of the area concerning land use and the degradation processes therein. Through GIS, priority areas for forest recovery were defined by Multicriteria Evaluation and using the Ordered Weighted Average method. The latter allows the decision maker to define the area to be recovered, facing limitation of resources, among one of the proposed scenarios, or do it in stages. The study showed that there are accelerated erosion processes in the headwaters of the springs of water bodies; there is also fragmentation of native vegetation, especially in hillside areas, and little presence of native vegetation in riparian areas. The application of the multicriteria analysis using the Ordered Weighted Average was important as it systematized and discriminated scenarios of priority for forest recovery.

Conflito de interesses ambientais e urbanísticos dentro do contexto da gestão sustentável de cidades de médio porte no Estado de São Paulo

Responsible entrepreneurs responsible for housing project "Vale do Sol III" (claim of deployment) had proposed technique in order to solve conflicts of interest, arising with respect to residents of Vale do Sol I (already implemented). Conflicts gave up due to environmental and urban problems, originated in a notification of responsible concessionaire for the administration of Marechal Rondon highway (entry and exit of people on the road, in the city of Botucatu, Sao Paulo state). This work, based on study case method, within a deductive approach, analyzed urban and environmental aspects of the area in order to contribute to sustainable management of medium-sized cities. There was, moreover, use of GIS software for purpose of supporting this technical analysis. Investigations were carried out within environmental and urban viewpoints about Água Fria watershed, as well as technical and legal basis arising devices both municipal and federal regulations. It was concluded that proposed project of Vale do Sol III, about containment of stormwater and alternative technical and locational traffic, not presented as necessary solution, sufficient and satisfactory in the sense of, at least, mitigate sustainability problems of surrounding area (Água Fria watershed, into which could insert even Vale do Sol I condominium, subject to notification).

Ambientes de pedrais como áreas estratégicas para a conservação da biodiversidade fluvial: um estudo da ictiofauna do rio Sapucaí-Mirim (SP) e suas interações tróficas

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Evolução morfológica do Rio do Peixe: estudo de uma avulsão na planície aluvial, a partir de uma análise regional integrada - Oeste Paulista (SP)

Pós-graduação em Geografia - FCT

Desenvolvimento de software para avaliação dos desempenhos hidráulico e econômico de pivôs centrais

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA

Eventos extremos de precipitação em Belém-PA: uma revisão de notícias históricas de jornais

Os impactos socioeconômicos dos Eventos Extremos de Precipitação Diária em Belém-Pará foram estudados com base em histórias relatadas nas notícias dos jornais da cidade durante o período de 1987 a 2009. Estes eventos foram caracterizados como extremos por meio da Técnica do Decil. O objetivo foi identificar as consequências e os principais bairros afetados pelos eventos extremos de precipitação diária. Os anos que estiveram sob influência do fenômeno El Niño (La Niña) foram os que apresentaram menor (maior) frequência de Eventos Extremos de Precipitação e de noticias publicadas nos jornais da cidade. A variação mensal mostrou que os Eventos Extremos e as notícias dos jornais foram maiores no período "mais chuvoso" (verão/outono austral). As histórias relatadas nas notícias dos jornais da cidade indicaram que o alagamento das ruas é a principal consequência dos eventos extremos para a cidade de Belém-Pará e os bairros mais afetados são Cremação, Jurunas e Batista Campos. Esses bairros são vizinhos e tem como fator comum a presença da bacia hidrográfica da Travessa Quintino Bocaiúva, a qual apresenta baixa declividade e dificulta o escoamento da água, favorecendo a formação de pontos de alagamentos. Identificou-se que a falta de infraestrutura da cidade é o fator predominante quanto à consequência dos eventos extremos de precipitação diária.

Evolução morfológica do Rio do Peixe: estudo de uma avulsão na planície aluvial, a partir de uma análise regional integrada - Oeste Paulista (SP)

Pós-graduação em Geografia - FCT