Análise paramétrica do método de injeção alternada de água e CO2(WAG) em reservatórios de petróleo

After the decline of production from natural energy of the reservoir, the methods of enhanced oil recovery, which methods result from the application of special processes such as chemical injection, miscible gases, thermal and others can be applied. The advanced recovery method with alternating - CO2 injection WAG uses the injection of water and gas, normally miscible that will come in contact with the stock oil. In Brazil with the discovery of pre-salt layer that gas gained prominence. The amount of CO2 present in the oil produced in the pre-salt layer, as well as some reservoirs is one of the challenges to be overcome in relation to sustainable production once this gas needs to be processed in some way. Many targets for CO2 are proposed by researchers to describe some alternatives to the use of CO2 gas produced such as enhanced recovery, storage depleted fields, salt caverns storage and marketing of CO2 even in plants. The largest oil discoveries in Brazil have recently been made by Petrobras in the pre -salt layer located between the states of Santa Catarina and Espírito Santo, where he met large volumes of light oil with a density of approximately 28 ° API, low acidity and low sulfur content. This oil that has a large amount of dissolved CO2 and thus a pioneering solution for the fate of this gas comes with an advanced recovery. The objective of this research is to analyze which parameters had the greatest influence on the enhanced recovery process. The simulations were performed using the "GEM" module of the Computer Modelling Group, with the aim of studying the advanced recovery method in question. For this work, semi - synthetic models were used with reservoir and fluid data that can be extrapolated to practical situations in the Brazilian Northeast. The results showed the influence of the alternating injection of water and gas on the recovery factor and flow rate of oil production process, when compared to primary recovery and continuous water injection or continuous gas injection

Evolução diagenética e caracterização dos reservatórios da seção devoniana na Bacia do Rio do Peixe-Nordeste do Brasil

The Rio do Peixe Basin represents a main basin of northeastern Brazil and pioneering work positioned the rocks of this basin in the Early Cretaceous. However, a recent study, based on integrated pollen analysis from three wells, found an unprecedented siliciclastic sedimentary section, in the region, of early Devonian age. Therefore, the present study aims a detailed petrographic and petrological analysis of this devonian section, in the Rio do Peixe Basin and proposes a diagenetic evolution, to understand the characteristics of the porous system, identify the main reservoir petrofacies with the main factors impacting on the quality of these rocks as reservoirs and a quick study on the provenance of this section. The petrographic study was based on samples obtained from subsurface and surface. The diagenetic evolution of petrofacies and its identification were based only on subsurface samples and the study of provenance was based on surface samples. The thin sections were prepared from sandstones, pelites and sandstones intercalated with pelites. The original detrital composition for this section is arcosean and the main diagenetic processes that affected these rocks occur in various depths and different conditions, which resulted in extensive diagenetic variety. The following processes were identified: early fracture and healing of grains; albitization of K-feldspar and plagioclase; siderite; precipitation of silica and feldspar; mechanical infiltration of clay and its transformation to illite/esmectite and illite; autigenesis of analcime; dissolution; autigenesis of chlorite; dolomite/ferrous dolomite/anquerite; apatite; calcite; pyrite; titanium minerals and iron oxide-hidroxide. The occurrence of a recently discovered volcanism, in the Rio do Peixe Basin, may have influenced the diagenetic evolution of this section. Three diagenetic stages affected the Devonian section: eo, meso and telodiagenesis. This section is compositionally quite feldspathic, indicating provenance from continental blocks, between transitional continental and uplift of the basement. From this study, we observed a wide heterogeneity in the role of the studied sandstones as reservoirs. Seven petrofacies were identified, taking into account the main diagenetic constituent responsible for the reduction of porosity. It is possible that the loss of original porosity was influenced by intense diagenesis in these rocks, where the main constituent for the loss of porosity are clays minerals, oxides and carbonate cement (calcite and dolomite)

Eutrofização e capacidade de carga de fósforo de seis reservatórios a bacia do Rio Seridó, região semi-árida do Estado do RN

The eutrofization is a natural process of accumulation of nutrients in aquatic´s body that it has been accelerated for the human´s actives, mainly the related with the activities of camp, industrial and the inadequate disposition of the domestic sewage. The enrichment of the aquatic´s body with nutrients, mainly the nitrogen and the phosphorus, and the consequent proliferation of algae and Cyanobacteria can commit the quality of the water for the public provisioning, for the fish farming and for other ends. The problem becomes more critical when there is a shortage of water naturally as in the semi-arid area of the Brazilian northeast. Before that problem this work had as objective evaluates the trophic state of six reservoirs of the basin of River Seridó of Rio Grande of Norte and also estimate the capacity of load of match of the reservoir and risk probabilities based on the established limits by the resolution Conama 357/05. The results demonstrate that the six reservoirs are eutrofization, with concentration of total phosphorus and cloro a in the water upster to 50 e 12 μg l-1. The results show that space homogeneity exists in the state trophic of the reservoirs, but a significant variation interanual in function of the increase of the concentrations of nutrients and decrease of the transparency of the water with the reduction of the body of water accumulated in the reservoirs.The results of the simulation risk estocastic show that the reservoirs could receive annually from 72 to 216 Kg of P, assuming a risk of 10% of increasing in more than 30 μg l-1 the annual medium concentrations of total match in the water of these reservoirs. This load could be high in until 360 kg of P a year in case the managers assume a risk of 10% of increasing in more than 50 μg l-1 the annual medium concentrations of total phosphorus in the waters of these reservoirs

Nova técnica para obtenção de fraturas com altíssima condutividade em poços de petróleo

Increase hydrocarbons production is the main goal of the oilwell industry worldwide. Hydraulic fracturing is often applied to achieve this goal due to a combination of attractive aspects including easiness and low operational costs associated with fast and highly economical response. Conventional fracturing usually involves high-flowing high-pressure pumping of a viscous fluid responsible for opening the fracture in the hydrocarbon producing rock. The thickness of the fracture should be enough to assure the penetration of the particles of a solid proppant into the rock. The proppant is driven into the target formation by a carrier fluid. After pumping, all fluids are filtered through the faces of the fracture and penetrate the rock. The proppant remains in the fracture holding it open and assuring high hydraulic conductivity. The present study proposes a different approach for hydraulic fracturing. Fractures with infinity conductivity are formed and used to further improve the production of highly permeable formations as well as to produce long fractures in naturally fractured formations. Naturally open fractures with infinite conductivity are usually encountered. They can be observed in rock outcrops and core plugs, or noticed by the total loss of circulation during drilling (even with low density fluids), image profiles, pumping tests (Mini-Frac and Mini Fall Off), and injection tests below fracturing pressure, whose flow is higher than expected for radial Darcian ones. Naturally occurring fractures are kept open by randomly shaped and placed supporting points, able to hold the faces of the fracture separate even under typical closing pressures. The approach presented herein generates infinite conductivity canal held open by artificially created parallel supporting areas positioned both horizontally and vertically. The size of these areas is designed to hold the permeable zones open supported by the impermeable areas. The England & Green equation was used to theoretically prove that the fracture can be held open by such artificially created set of horizontal parallel supporting areas. To assess the benefits of fractures characterized by infinite conductivity, an overall comparison with finite conductivity fractures was carried out using a series of parameters including fracture pressure loss and dimensionless conductivity as a function of flow production, FOI folds of increase, flow production and cumulative production as a function of time, and finally plots of net present value and productivity index

Simulação de fluxo de fluidos em meios porosos desordenados uma análise de efeito de escala na estimativa da permeabilidade e do coeficiente de arrasto

The present study provides a methodology that gives a predictive character the computer simulations based on detailed models of the geometry of a porous medium. We using the software FLUENT to investigate the flow of a viscous Newtonian fluid through a random fractal medium which simplifies a two-dimensional disordered porous medium representing a petroleum reservoir. This fractal model is formed by obstacles of various sizes, whose size distribution function follows a power law where exponent is defined as the fractal dimension of fractionation Dff of the model characterizing the process of fragmentation these obstacles. They are randomly disposed in a rectangular channel. The modeling process incorporates modern concepts, scaling laws, to analyze the influence of heterogeneity found in the fields of the porosity and of the permeability in such a way as to characterize the medium in terms of their fractal properties. This procedure allows numerically analyze the measurements of permeability k and the drag coefficient Cd proposed relationships, like power law, for these properties on various modeling schemes. The purpose of this research is to study the variability provided by these heterogeneities where the velocity field and other details of viscous fluid dynamics are obtained by solving numerically the continuity and Navier-Stokes equations at pore level and observe how the fractal dimension of fractionation of the model can affect their hydrodynamic properties. This study were considered two classes of models, models with constant porosity, MPC, and models with varying porosity, MPV. The results have allowed us to find numerical relationship between the permeability, drag coefficient and the fractal dimension of fractionation of the medium. Based on these numerical results we have proposed scaling relations and algebraic expressions involving the relevant parameters of the phenomenon. In this study analytical equations were determined for Dff depending on the geometrical parameters of the models. We also found a relation between the permeability and the drag coefficient which is inversely proportional to one another. As for the difference in behavior it is most striking in the classes of models MPV. That is, the fact that the porosity vary in these models is an additional factor that plays a significant role in flow analysis. Finally, the results proved satisfactory and consistent, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the referred methodology for all applications analyzed in this study.

Análise de viabilidade de injeção de fluidos alternativos ao vapor em reservatórios de óleo pesado

Many of hydrocarbon reserves existing in the world are formed by heavy oils (°API between 10 and 20). Moreover, several heavy oil fields are mature and, thus, offer great challenges for oil industry. Among the thermal methods used to recover these resources, steamflooding has been the main economically viable alternative. Latent heat carried by steam heats the reservoir, reducing oil viscosity and facilitating the production. This method has many variations and has been studied both theoretically and experimentally (in pilot projects and in full field applications). In order to increase oil recovery and reduce steam injection costs, the injection of alternative fluid has been used on three main ways: alternately, co-injected with steam and after steam injection interruption. The main objective of these injection systems is to reduce the amount of heat supplied to the reservoir, using cheaper fluids and maintaining the same oil production levels. This works discusses the use of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, methane and water as an alternative fluid to the steam. The analyzed parameters were oil recoveries and net cumulative oil productions. The reservoir simulation model corresponds to an oil reservoir of 100 m x 100 m x 28 m size, on a Cartesian coordinates system (x, y and z directions). It is a semi synthetic model with some reservoir data similar to those found in Brazilian Potiguar Basin. All studied cases were done using the simulator STARS from CMG (Computer Modelling Group, version 2009.10). It was found that waterflood after steam injection interruption achieved the highest net cumulative oil compared to other fluids injection. Moreover, it was observed that steam and alternative fluids, co-injected and alternately, did not present increase on profitability project compared with steamflooding

Análise paramétrica da injeção de vapor e solvente em reservatórios de óleo pesado

A significant fraction of the hydrocarbon reserves in the world is formed by heavy oils. From the thermal methods used to recovery these resources, Steamflooding has been one of the main economically viable alternatives. In Brazil, this technology is widely used by Petrobras in Northeast fields. Latent heat carried by steam heats the oil in the reservoir, reducing its viscosity and facilitating the production. In the last years, an alternative more and more used by the oil industry to increase the efficiency of this mechanism has been the addition of solvents. When co-injected with steam, the vaporized solvent condenses in the cooler regions of the reservoir and mixes with the oil, creating a low viscosity zone between the steam and the heavy oil. The mobility of the displaced fluid is then improved, resulting in an increase of oil recovery. To better understand this improved oil recovery method and investigate its applicability in reservoirs with properties similar to those found in Potiguar Basin, a numerical study was done to analyze the influence of some operational parameters (steam injection rate, injected solvent volume and solvent type) on oil recovery. Simulations were performed in STARS ("Steam, Thermal, and Advanced Processes Reservoir Simulator"), a CMG ("Computer Modelling Group") program, version 2009.10. It was found that solvents addition to the injected steam not only anticipated the heated oil bank arrival to the producer well, but also increased the oil recovery. Lower cold water equivalent volumes were required to achieve the same oil recoveries from the models that injected only steam. Furthermore, much of the injected solvent was produced with the oil from the reservoir

Estudo do acoplamento do poço injetor nas simulações de injeção cíclica de vapor

Steam injection is a method usually applied to very viscous oils and consists of injecting heat to reduce the viscosity and, therefore, increase the oil mobility, improving the oil production. For designing a steam injection project it is necessary to have a reservoir simulation in order to define the various parameters necessary for an efficient heat reservoir management, and with this, improve the recovery factor of the reservoir. The purpose of this work is to show the influence of the coupled wellbore/reservoir on the thermal simulation of reservoirs under cyclic steam stimulation. In this study, the methodology used in the solution of the problem involved the development of a wellbore model for the integration of steam flow model in injection wellbores, VapMec, and a blackoil reservoir model for the injection of cyclic steam in oil reservoirs. Thus, case studies were developed for shallow and deep reservoirs, whereas the usual configurations of injector well existing in the oil industry, i.e., conventional tubing without packer, conventional tubing with packer and insulated tubing with packer. A comparative study of the injection and production parameters was performed, always considering the same operational conditions, for the two simulation models, non-coupled and a coupled model. It was observed that the results are very similar for the specified well injection rate, whereas significant differences for the specified well pressure. Finally, on the basis of computational experiments, it was concluded that the influence of the coupled wellbore/reservoir in thermal simulations using cyclic steam injection as an enhanced oil recovery method is greater for the specified well pressure, while for the specified well injection rate, the steam flow model for the injector well and the reservoir may be simulated in a non- coupled way

Flebotomíneos (Diptera: Psychodidae) em um sistema agroflorestal da Região Metropolitana de Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil

Sandflies stand out as important vectors of leishmaniasis. The females need to ingest blood meals, enabling them to transmit protozoa of the genus Leishmania, which may give rise to visceral leishmaniasis (VL) or American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL), in addition to transmitting other parasites. Leishmaniasis are important infirmities, distributed worldwide, whose infection results from the interaction of reservoir animals, the vector insect, parasitic protozoa and the healthy host. In the state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), Brazil, these insects are important transmitters of VL, which usually presents in the most serious form. It occurs mainly in metropolitan areas, with the dog as its main reservoir and Lutzomyia longipalpis as the vector. ATL is most present in the highland areas of the state. In addition to hematophagia, engaged in by the females, both sexes need to ingest carbohydrates, which are essential to the sand flies energy requirements and may interfere in the development of Leishmania. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence and abundance of sand flies in different environments on the farm belonging to the Empresa de Pesquisas Agropecuárias do RN (Institute of Agricultural Research of RN), in the municipality of Parnamirim, in order to relate this occurrence with climatological and biological references and eating habits. Three consecutive monthly collections were carried out with CDC traps in a fragment of the Atlantic Forest, in a residence, on a goat breeding farm and on cashew, dwarf and giant coconut, mango, banana, eucalyptus, acacia and bean plantations. A total of 1241 sandflies from eight species (Lutzomyia evandroi, Lutzomyia longipalpis, Lutzomyia shannoni, Lutzomyia sordellii Lutzomyia walkeri, Lutzomyia wellcomei, Lutzomyia whitmani, and Lutzomyia intermedia) were collected, most in the forest environment. L. longipalpis, the main VL transmitter, was confirmed as a species adapted to anthropic environments, whereas others such as L. wellcomei, the vector of ATL, occurred predominantly in forests. Carbohydrate characterization of the sand flies and plants of the region demonstrated that a number of exotic plants such as hay and eucalyptus may play some role in the adaptation of these species to modified environments. Breeding in laboratory showed a mean biological cycle of 53.5 days from egg to adulthood for L. shannoni and the possibility of diapause behavior in L. wellcomei. This study serves as a source of information that may contribute to the epidemiological vigilance of tegumentary and visceral leishmaniasis in the state, given that it analyzes the bioecology of transmitting species, as well as their potential to adapt to new environments

Injeção assistida por água de componentes tubulares mono e multi-ramificados

Atualmente na produção de peças poliméricas com geometrias complexas e ocas é utilizada a tecnologia de injeção assistida por água, gás e com ou sem projétil. O processo consiste na injeção de água a pressões elevadas, isto ocorre após o fecho do molde e injeção de polímero até ao preenchimento total da zona moldante. A injeção de água a pressões elevadas vai forçar o polímero, do núcleo da peça, a ser expulso para um reservatório. Esta expulsão de material é possível não só graças às elevadas pressões da água, mas também por causa do polímero ainda se encontrar em estado viscoso, facilitando o seu escoamento. A tecnologia de injeção assistida por fluido pode ser implementada por, injeção direta de água, gás ou com auxilio de um projétil. Dentro destas vertentes existe uma limitação em comum, a impossibilidade de produzir peças vazadas com canais bifurcados. No entanto existe a possibilidade de criar estas ramificações, mas com o entrave de não poderem ser geometricamente complexas e/ou serem extensas. Nestes casos as ramificações são criadas com postiços dentro do molde, significando que estará sempre limitado pelo postiço moldante e não controlado pelo jato de água. Para os casos onde é desejado a adição de ramificações complexas e/ou extensas têm de ser submetido a etapas subsequentes de preparação e montagem, influenciando o tempo global da produção. Com o projeto Multi-Path.H2O pretende-se criar um novo processo de produção para peças vazadas, mas com canais ramificados de geometrias complexas e extensas, num só ciclo de injeção e assim eliminando os processos subsequentes que atualmente são necessários. A abordagem primordial consiste na aplicação de vários injetores para jato de água, canalisados para as respetivas ramificações por vazar. Esta inovação terá impacto na produção em série de peças complexas de tipologia tubular, reduzindo o tempo de produção com a eliminação dos processos subsequentes; também a poupança de matéria-prima pela desnecessidade de criar moldes adicionais. Nesta dissertação foi elaborado um detalhado estudo experimental do processo de injeção assistida por água, para servir de base de conhecimento ao conceito do novo processo, Multi-Path.H2O. De referir que em Portugal o projeto e fabrico de moldes com a implementação do sistema injeção por água, está resumido a um número limitado de empresas.

Clínica de animais de companhia

O presente relatório diz respeito ao estágio curricular realizado no Hospital Veterinário de Portimão, sob a orientação da Prof. Doutora Josefina Coucelo e com a duração de cinco meses, entre um de janeiro de 2016 e trinta e um de maio de 2016. Este relatório foi realizado no âmbito da conclusão do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária e consiste em duas partes. A primeira é referente aos casos acompanhados no decorrer do estágio curricular, e a segunda é uma revisão bibliográfica do tema “Leishmaniose Felina”, seguida de um caso clínico acompanhado pelo autor. A Leishmaniose é uma importante zoonose, endémica em várias regiões no mundo, como o sul da Europa, afetando variados mamíferos, debilitando-os e podendo ser fatal. Causada por protozoários do género Leishmania, considera-se como uma afeção rara em gatos. Existe um número crescente de casos nesta espécie, que não é, no entanto, reservatório da infeção para humanos; Small Animal Practice Abstract: The present report describes a training in Portimãos’s Veterinary Hospital, under Doctor Josefina Coucelo’s supervision with the duration of five months, between the 1st January 2016 and the 31st May 2016. This report was written in the context of the Veterinary Medicine Integrated Master degree’s conclusion and is made up of two parts. The first refers to the clinical cases followed during the training and the second is a monography about “Feline Leishmaniasis”, followed by a case report on the subject observed by the author. Leishmaniasis is an important zoonosis endemic in many world regions as well as in southern Europe, affecting many mammals debilitating them and sometimes fatal. It is caused by protozoan of the genus Leishmania. It’s considered a rare affection in cats, however, there’s an increasing number of cases in this host species which still isn’t considered a human infection reservoir.

Avaliação da concentração de metais na água nos eixos de captação do projeto de integração do rio S. Francisco com bacias hidrográficas do nordeste setentrional

A análise de metais pesados é um aspecto bastante relevante na avaliação da qualidade da água destinada ao consumo humano, pois tais elementos, dependendo de sua concentração, causam graves problemas à saúde humana. Para minimizar o problema na demanda de água da região do semiárido nordestino, foi criado o Projeto de Integração do rio São Francisco com as Bacias Hidrográficas do Nordeste Setentrional, que constará de dois canais de transposição de água: eixos Norte e Leste. Nesta pesquisa foi analisada a concentração dos metais Cd, Pb, Ni, Zi, Cu e Fe nos pontos de captação dos referidos eixos durante os anos de 2012 a 2014 em amostras de superfície e fundo. Dentre os metais analisados, a grande maioria teve resultados abaixo dos limites da Resolução CONAMA 357/2005. Apenas o cobre apresentou valores de mediana superior ao limite da legislação no ponto de captação do Eixo Leste (reservatório de Itaparica) no período seco. Isto sugere novas pesquisas para identificar a causa dos aportes de cobre no reservatório de Itaparica,visando garantir a boa qualidade da água a ser transposta para outras regiões através do Canal Leste.

DIAGNÓSTICO DA QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA AO LONGO DE UM CANAL DE CONCRETO: UM ESTUDO DE CASO DO CANAL DO SERTÃO ALAGOANO - BRASIL

Para atender a demanda, a transferência de água de rios por canal é uma prática comum no Nordeste brasileiro. O Canal do Sertão Alagoano capta água do rio São Francisco (no reservatório Apolônio Sales) para abastecer municípios do estado de Alagoas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a evolução de parâmetros físico-químicos da água (temperatura, pH, turbidez, condutividade, dureza, sulfatos, cloretos, nitrogênio total e fósforo total) ao longo dos 29 km iniciais. Foram realizadas duas coletas no período seco em 10 pontos. Por meio do teste não-paramétrico MannWhitney, evidenciou-se que temporalmente as duas coletas são significativamente diferentes para todos os parâmetros, mesmo sendo ambas realizadas no período seco. Longitudinalmente, nas duas coletas, temperatura, pH e condutividade, foram significativamente diferentes entre o início e o final dos 29 km, apresentando uma tendência crescente nos valores. Quanto à qualidade, conforme a Resolução 357/2005 do CONAMA, a água do Canal apresentou valores dentro da Classe 1, com exceção do fósforo total.

Avaliação de diferentes coletores com substrato artificial para biomonitoramento da qualidade da água da aquicultura.

A aqüicultura é uma atividade que tem evoluído muito nos últimos anos. Para avaliar a qualidade da água na aqüicultura, o biomonitoramento por macroinvertebrados bentônicos tem sido cada vez mais utilizado, porém ainda é incipiente. Há diversas formas de coleta desses organismos, como pegadores de fundo e coletores com substrato artificial.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência de diferentes coletores com substrato artificial para o biomonitoramento de um reservatório rural utilizado para a produção de tilápias em tanques-rede. Foram avaliados dois tipos de coletores contendo taboa e pedra brita, fixados à meia água e rente ao fundo, por períodos de 30, 60 e 90 dias. Durante esse período também foram coletadas amostras de sedimento do fundo com uma draga tipo Petit Ponar. Ao final do experimento foram identificadas onze famílias de macroinvertebrados, sendo que a maior riqueza foi observada nas amostras coletadas com a draga. Os dados indicam uma diminuição da diversidade biológica ao longo do tempo nos coletores que continham folhas de taboa, e um pico de colonização aos 60 dias para os coletores com pedra. Apesar das amostras coletadas com a draga terem apresentado a maior riqueza de famílias, esse equipamento apresentou algumas desvantagens como o difícil manuseio, enquanto que os coletores com substratos artificiais são facilmente manuseados, além de garantir uma maior uniformidade das amostras, o que é muito vantajoso no monitoramento de pontos espacialmente distribuídos no interior dos reservatórios e viveiros utilizados pela aqüicultura.

IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE RISCOS AMBIENTAIS NA BACIA DO RIO VERDE – RMC - PARANÁ, BRASIL, POR MEIO DE UM SISTEMA DE INFORMAÇÃO GEOGRAFICA

A bacia do Rio Verde, localizada na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba (RMC) – Paraná – Brasil, é um dos mananciais de abastecimento da região, e se reveste de importância, tendo em vista que fornece água para a Refinaria Presidente Getúlio Vargas, da PETROBRÁS, que constitui o maior complexo petrolífero do Estado do Paraná. A sua ocupação, de início, predominantemente rural, se deu de forma caótica, assim como a urbana, sem planejamento algum. Tal situação terminou se refletindo no uso desordenado da terra, com significativas alterações nos ambientes fluviais, em seu entorno. Essa situação motivou o desenvolvimento da presente pesquisa, cujo objetivo foi o de analisar as áreas de risco ambiental na referida bacia, através do uso de sistemas de informação geográfica (SIG’s), para fins de gestão ambiental. Para a classificação e análise das unidades de mapeamento, foram gerados planos de informação a partir de cartas topográficas (escala 1:20.000 – 1976; fotografias aéreas (escala 1:30.000 – 2000) , imagem de satélite (2005), além de atualização de campo. Os resultados demonstraram que a bacia corre riscos ambientais, que demandam medidas mitigatórias, existindo a possibilidade de eutrofização do reservatório da represa, que pode determinar, no futuro, colapso quanto ao abastecimento de água  para a refinaria da PETROBRAS.