PLAN PROVINCIAL DE DESARROLLO REGIONAL

La innovación introducida a partir de la sanción de la Ley de Regionalización de la Provincia de Córdoba N° 9206 y la integración, puesta en marcha y funcionamiento de las comunidades regionales ha significado un gran esfuerzo de concertación intergubernamental y un caso rico en cuanto a los mecanismos de ajuste mutuo partidario, en términos de Lindblom (1979), aplicados tanto en la integración como en el funcionamiento cotidiano de las comunidades regionales. Para los municipios y comunas, el proceso de regionalización y el asociativismo intermunicipal es una oportunidad por un lado, para asumir nuevas responsabilidades (competencias y recursos) provenientes del Gobierno provincial, y por otro, para ganar efectividad a través de la centralización de competencias y recursos municipales y/o comunales, a los fines de intentar superar así las dificultades provenientes de la escala poblacional y territorial de la generalidad de los municipios y comunas existentes que dificultan la gestión del desarrollo regional. En síntesis, es una oportunidad de diseñar y gestionar políticas asociadas y coordinadas de desarrollo, de gobernar en términos de governance problemas regionales siendo gobiernos locales (Aguilar Villanueva, 1996). A los fines de maximizar las oportunidades y minimizar de la complejidad que trae aparejada el asociativos y el pasaje de lo local a lo regional, es necesaria la planificación concertada como así también la evaluación participativa: Plan Pcial. para el Desarrollo Regional e indicadores regionales. Las prioridades identificadas y los indicadores permitirían iniciar (o reiniciar) un proceso de diseño y gestión de políticas de desarrollo regional, de descentralización provincial y de integración intermunicipal, indispensables a los fines de gobernar con sentido público (Aguilar Villanueva, 1996). Hipótesis: La elaboración de Plan Provincial de Desarrollo Regional sobre la base de la identificación y construcción participativa de las prioridades de cada Región de la Provincia promueve el desarrollo integral a escala regional y provincial. Objetivos General: Diseñar participativamente el Plan Provincial de Desarrollo Regional de Córdoba a los fines de promover el desarrollo integral a escala regional y provincial. Específicos: a) Identificar participativamente a través de sus actores políticos – institucionales las principales prioridades de desarrollo de cada Región de la Provincia. b) Construir e interpretar las particularidades de cada región en base a una agregación provincial de las principales prioridades identificadas en cada Región. c) Revisar Sistema de Indicadores de Desarrollo Regional de medición periódica, en el marco del “Indicador de Desarrollo Regional para la Gestión” establecido en el artículo 22 de la Ley N° 9.206. d) Diseñar la Unidad Ejecutora del Indicador de Desarrollo Regional prevista en la Ley 9.206 para la medición y actualización periódica del citado indicador. Métodos a utilizar: investigación-acción participativa (datos secundarios se someterán a análisis de discurso principalmente. y datos primarios a través de técnicas cuantitativa y cualitativa). Resultados esperados a) Identificar las principales prioridades de desarrollo de cada Región de la Provincia. b) Contar con un “mapa” provincial de las principales prioridades. c) Contar con el “Indicador de Desarrollo Regional para la Gestión” establecido la Ley N° 9.206. d) Diseñar la Unidad Ejecutora del Indicador de Desarrollo Regional prevista en la Ley 9.206 para la medición y actualización periódica del citado indicador. Importancia del proyecto A los fines de promover el desarrollo integral a escala regional y provincial, superando los obstáculos existentes que impiden lograr una mejor calidad de vida para los habitantes de la provincia, es pertinente la elaboración de Plan de Desarrollo Regional sobre la base de la identificación y construcción participativa de las prioridades de cada Región de la Provincia.

Aplicación del análisis y prevención de falla al desarrollo regional de componentes mecánicos.

En el anterior período de dos años, se ha estudiado la aplicación del método científico al análisis de falla de componentes, como una etapa de formación y capacitación en el método utilizado para la investigación de roturas o fallas de piezas o sistemas mecánicos. Ante la tendencia al desarrollo local de componentes, reemplazo de importaciones, se evidencia que no siempre ésta acción se realiza verificando todos los aspectos del elemento a desarrollar. Tanto el diseño, la materia prima, el método de producción, deben ser analizados detalladamente por su influencia en el comportamiento de cada elemento. Particularmente, en la pequeña y mediana empresa, que no dispone de respaldo técnico suficiente para cubrir todos los aspectos de un desarrollo, existe la necesidad de recurrir a proveedores externos por asesoramiento. La experiencia acumulada en el Análisis de Falla, ofrece un enfoque crítico ante los diferentes factores intervinientes en un componente que permiten predecir, con buena aproximación, los puntos débiles que posee tanto un diseño como un método de producción y de esta forma, aportar al desarrollo exitoso del producto.

A review of the development of regional sludge treatment centres and a baseline characterisation of Irish sewage sludges

This Study assessed the development of sludge treatment and reuse policy since the original 1993 National Sludge Strategy Report (Weston-FTA, 1993). A review of the 48 sludge treatment centres, current wastewater treatment systems and current or planned sludge treatment and reuse systems was carried out Sludges from all Regional Sludge Treatment Centres (areas) were characterised through analysis of selected parameters. There have been many changes to the original policy, as a result of boundary reviews, delays in developing sludge management plans, development in technology and changes in tendering policy, most notably a move to design-build-operate (DBO) projects. As a result, there are now 35 designated Hub Centres. Only 5 of the Hub Centres are producing Class A Biosolids. These are Ringsend, Killamey, Carlow, Navan and Osberstown. Ringsend is the only Hub Centre that is fully operational, treating sludge from surrounding regions by Thermal Drying. Killamey is producing Class A Biosolids using Autothermal Thermophilic Aerobic Digestion (ATAD) but is not, as yet, treating imported sludge. The remaining three plants are producing Class A Biosolids using Alkaline Stabilisation. Anaerobic Digestion with post pasteurisation is the most common form of sludge treatment, with 11 Hub Centres proposing to use it. One plant is using ATAD, two intend to use Alkaline Stabilisation, seven have selected Thermal Drying and three have selected Composting. While the remaining plants have not decided which sludge treatment to select, this is because of incomplete Sludge Management Plans and on DBO contracts. Analysis of sludges from the Hub Centres showed that all Irish sewage sludge is safe for agricultural reuse as defined by the Waste Management Regulations {Use of Sewage Sludge in Agriculture) (S.I. 267/2001), providing that a nutrient management plan is taken into consideration and that the soil limits of the 1998 (S.I. 148/1998) Waste Management Regulations are not exceeded.

Assessment of touristical-recreation potential of Georgia on background regional climate change

The determination of the climatic potential of tourism to Tbilisi (the capital of Georgia) into the correspondence with that frequently utilized in other countries of the “tourism climate index” is carried out.

Aptidão cardiorrespiratória de uma amostra regional brasileira distribuída em diferentes tabelas

FUNDAMENTO: A maioria das tabelas de classificação da Aptidão Cardiorrespiratória (ACR) utilizadas na prática clínica é internacional e não foi validada para a população brasileira, podendo resultar em discrepâncias importantes, uma vez que essa classificação é extrapolada para a nossa população. Objetivo: Avaliar as principais tabelas de ACR disponíveis em uma amostra populacional brasileira do Planalto Médio do Rio Grande do Sul (RS). MÉTODOS: Foram analisados dados retrospectivos de 2.930 indivíduos, residentes em 36 cidades do Planalto Central do RS. Levaram-se em consideração presença dos fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular e valores estimados do consumo de oxigênio de pico (VO2pico), obtidos por meio de teste de esforço com protocolo de Bruce. Para classificar a ACR, os sujeitos foram distribuídos de acordo com o sexo e inseridos nas respectivas faixas etárias das tabelas de Cooper, American Heart Association (AHA) e da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), e classificados conforme seu VO2pico. RESULTADOS: A amostra feminina apresentou valores mais baixos de VO2pico do que a masculina (23,5 ± 8,5 vs. 31,7 ± 10,8 mL.kg-1.min-1, p < 0,001), e o VO2pico apresentou correlação inversa e moderada com a idade considerando-se ambos os sexos (R = -0,48, p < 0,001). Foi observada importante discrepância entre os níveis de classificação da ACR entre as tabelas, que variaram de 49% (COOPERxAHA) até 75% (UNIFESPxAHA). CONCLUSÃO: Nossos achados indicam discrepâncias importantes na classificação da ACR proveniente das tabelas avaliadas. Estudos futuros poderiam investigar se a utilização das tabelas internacionais são aplicáveis à população brasileira e às populações de diferentes regiões do Brasil.

Objective function based fuzzy clustering in air traffic management

Data analysis, fuzzy clustering, fuzzy rules, air traffic management

Resistance Exercise Restores Endothelial Function and Reduces Blood Pressure in Type 1 Diabetic Rats

Background: Resistance exercise effects on cardiovascular parameters are not consistent. Objectives: The effects of resistance exercise on changes in blood glucose, blood pressure and vascular reactivity were evaluated in diabetic rats. Methods: Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control group (n = 8); sedentary diabetic (n = 8); and trained diabetic (n = 8). Resistance exercise was carried out in a squat device for rats and consisted of three sets of ten repetitions with an intensity of 50%, three times per week, for eight weeks. Changes in vascular reactivity were evaluated in superior mesenteric artery rings. Results: A significant reduction in the maximum response of acetylcholine-induced relaxation was observed in the sedentary diabetic group (78.1 ± 2%) and an increase in the trained diabetic group (95 ± 3%) without changing potency. In the presence of NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, the acetylcholine-induced relaxation was significantly reduced in the control and trained diabetic groups, but not in the sedentary diabetic group. Furthermore, a significant increase (p < 0.05) in mean arterial blood pressure was observed in the sedentary diabetic group (104.9 ± 5 to 126.7 ± 5 mmHg) as compared to that in the control group. However, the trained diabetic group showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the mean arterial blood pressure levels (126.7 ± 5 to 105.1 ± 4 mmHg) as compared to the sedentary diabetic group. Conclusions: Resistance exercise could restore endothelial function and prevent an increase in arterial blood pressure in type 1 diabetic rats.

Resistance Training After Myocardial Infarction in Rats: Its Role on Cardiac and Autonomic Function

Background: Although resistance exercise training is part of cardiovascular rehabilitation programs, little is known about its role on the cardiac and autonomic function after myocardial infarction. Objective: To evaluate the effects of resistance exercise training, started early after myocardial infarction, on cardiac function, hemodynamic profile, and autonomic modulation in rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: sedentary control, trained control, sedentary infarcted and trained infarcted rats. Each group with n = 9 rats. The animals underwent maximum load test and echocardiography at the beginning and at the end of the resistance exercise training (in an adapted ladder, 40% to 60% of the maximum load test, 3 months, 5 days/week). At the end, hemodynamic, baroreflex sensitivity and autonomic modulation assessments were made. Results: The maximum load test increased in groups trained control (+32%) and trained infarcted (+46%) in relation to groups sedentary control and sedentary infarcted. Although no change occurred regarding the myocardial infarction size and systolic function, the E/A ratio (-23%), myocardial performance index (-39%) and systolic blood pressure (+6%) improved with resistance exercise training in group trained infarcted. Concomitantly, the training provided additional benefits in the high frequency bands of the pulse interval (+45%), as well as in the low frequency band of systolic blood pressure (-46%) in rats from group trained infarcted in relation to group sedentary infarcted. Conclusion: Resistance exercise training alone may be an important and safe tool in the management of patients after myocardial infarction, considering that it does not lead to significant changes in the ventricular function, reduces the global cardiac stress, and significantly improves the vascular and cardiac autonomic modulation in infarcted rats.

Obesity Preserves Myocardial Function During Blockade of the Glycolytic Pathway

Background: Obesity is defined by excessive accumulation of body fat relative to lean tissue. Studies during the last few years indicate that cardiac function in obese animals may be preserved, increased or diminished. Objective: Study the energy balance of the myocardium with the hypothesis that the increase in fatty acid oxidation and reduced glucose leads to cardiac dysfunction in obesity. Methods: 30-day-old male Wistar rats were fed standard and hypercaloric diet for 30 weeks. Cardiac function and morphology were assessed. In this paper was viewed the general characteristics and comorbities associated to obesity. The structure cardiac was determined by weights of the heart and left ventricle (LV). Myocardial function was evaluated by studying isolated papillary muscles from the LV, under the baseline condition and after inotropic and lusitropic maneuvers: myocardial stiffness; postrest contraction; increase in extracellular Ca2+ concentration; change in heart rate and inhibitor of glycolytic pathway. Results: Compared with control group, the obese rats had increased body fat and co-morbities associated with obesity. Functional assessment after blocking iodoacetate shows no difference in the linear regression of DT, however, the RT showed a statistically significant difference in behavior between the control and the obese group, most notable being the slope in group C. Conclusion: The energy imbalance on obesity did not cause cardiac dysfunction. On the contrary, the prioritization of fatty acids utilization provides protection to cardiac muscle during the inhibition of glycolysis, suggesting that this pathway is fewer used by obese cardiac muscle.