Influência do alongamento prévio no pico de torque e na taxa de força em exercício de contração isométrica

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of previous active static stretch on the isometric peak torque (PT) and rate of force development (RFD) measured from different time intervals from the beginning of muscle contraction. Participated of this study 15 male individuals, apparently healthy, with ages between 18 and 25 years, without regular physical activity practice. The individuals were submitted in different days to the following tests: 1) Familiarization session to the isokinetic dynamometer; 2) Two maximal isometric concentric contractions for knee extensors in isokinetic dynamometer to determine PT and RFD (Control), and; 3) Two active static stretching exercises for the dominant leg extensors (10 x 30 s for each exercise, with 20 s of rest). After the stretching, the isokinetic test was repeated (Post-Stretching). The conditions 2 and 3 were performed in random order. The RFD was considered as the mean slope of the moment-time curve at time intervals of 0-30, 0-50 and 0-100ms relative to the beginning of muscle contraction. It was verified significant reduction for both maximal RFD and PT after the stretching (p < 0.05). At intervals of 0- 30ms, 0-50ms and 0-100ms, the RFD at the conditions with stretching was similar to the RFD without stretching (p > 0.05). At intervals of 0-150ms and 0-200ms, the RFD obtained at the contraction without stretching was significantly higher that that obtained at the contraction with stretching (p < 0.05). It can be concluded that the static stretching, performed with duration of 600 s diminish isometric PT, maximal RFD and RFD measured at late phase (> 100 ms) of muscle contraction.

A influência do alongamento prévio no pico de torque e na taxa de desenvolvimento de força

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of previous active static stretch on the peak torque (PT) and rate of force development (TDF) during isokinetic concentric contractions at 60 and 180.s-1 in active individuals. Twelve active subjects with ages between 18 and 30 years participated of this study. The individuals were submitted in different days to the following tests: 1) Familiarization session to the isokinetic dynamometer; 2) Five maximal isokinetic concentric contractions for knee extensors at each angular velocity (60 and 180.s-1) to determine PT and TDF (Control), and; 3) Two active static stretching exercises for the dominant leg extensors (10 x 30 s for each exercise, with 20 s of rest). After the stretching, the isokinetic test was repeated (Post-Stretching). The conditions 2 and 3 were performed in random order. There was no significant modification after the stretch exercises on the PT, angle and time at which the PT was attained, at 60 and 180º.s-1. In the same way, there was no significant modification on the TDF and angle at which the maximal TDF was attained in both angular speeds. In other way, the time to attain maximal TDF (TTDF) at 180º.s-1 was significantly lower after the stretching (Pre - 98.3 ± 27.5 ms and Post - 86.6 ± 30.2 ms). There was significant modification on the torque (60 and 180º.s-1) and time (60º.s-1) at different delta of angle variations, obtained at 60º.s-1 at Control and Post-Stretching conditions. However, there was significant reduction of time after the stretching exercises on delta of angle variations of 90-88º (Pre - 46.6 ± 6.5 ms and Post - 44.1 ± 5.1 ms), 88-85º (Pre - 65.8 ± 7.9 ms and Post - 63.3 ± 4.9 ms) and 85-80º (Pre - 93.3 ± 7.7 ms and Post - 90.0 ± 4.2 ms) at 180º.s-1. With base on these data, it is possible to conclude that PT and TDF do not modify after static stretching, irrespectively on the speed...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Equilíbrio muscular e pico de torque após jogo de futsal

Indoor soccer is a modality of sport similar to football, which is accompanying an increasing of the number of participants. With the growth of this sport, increased as well the number of injuries, which has been requiring greater attention and care from the health professionals. AIMS: To investigate the functional balance before and after an indoor soccer game and analyze the maximum force before and after the game, in order to verify if there is a great loss of muscle strength of knee flexors and extensors during the game. METHODS: The study included seven amateur soccer players. The isokinetic evaluation was made using the Biodex 3 isokinetic dynamometer at velocities of 60°/s and 180°/s with five repetitions at each velocity for each leg. Further, the study analyzed the peak torque of each leg at each speed of the extensor muscles and flexor concentric and eccentric. RESULTS: Compared to the peak torque before and after the game, there were no significant differences. At 60°/s in the non-dominant leg, peak torque decreased after the game of the extensor concentric and eccentric. In the dominant leg there was a decrease of peak torque in eccentric flexion at 60°/s and concentric flexion to 180°/s. Comparing the peak torque between dominance, there was any significant differences in speed. However, in eccentric flexion at 60°/s before the match there was a significant difference. The peak torque of the dominant leg showed better results than the non-dominant leg. Regarding the functional balance there was no statistically significant differences between the muscles involved. CONCLUSION: From the results achieved, it is possible to conclude that the peak torque of flexor eccentric decreases depending on the length of the exercise. This muscle is stronger in the dominant leg, comparing to the non-dominant leg

Study of the removal of chemical oxygen demand of the cheese whey and wastewater from dairy industry using Spirulina platensis

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeito do recobrimento de filmes de carbono tipo diamante depositados a plasma na manutenção do torque de parafusos protéticos

Pós-graduação em Odontologia Restauradora - ICT

Removal of dyes by lignocellulose adsorbents originating from biodiesel production

In this study, use was made of tucumã cake, in natura (TCN) and thermally treated (TCT), as potential alternative adsorbents for the adsorption of cationic and anionic dyes. The effects of the parameters: contact time, adsorbent: adsorbate mass ratio, and initial concentration of dye were analyzed. The adsorption isotherms were established from optimized adsorption parameters. The best conditions for adsorption were: equilibrium time of 7 h, concentration of 25 mg L 1 and ratio of 1:200 for the methylene blue dye; and pH 6.5, concentration of 25 mg L 1 and ratio of 1:200 for the congo red dye. The adsorption process was best represented by the Dubinin–Radushkevich and Sips isotherms. The kinetics of adsorption of the dyes were best described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Elovich models. TCT showed the best maximum adsorption capacity (Qm) for the methylene blue dye (63.92 mg g 1 ).

Effectiveness of ProTaper retreatment system associated with organic solvents in the removal of root canal filling material

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of ProTaper universal retreatment system in the removal of root canal filling material with thermomechanical compaction, in comparison to manualmechanical technique, associated with orange oil or eucalyptol. Materials and methods: Forty extracted lower incisors were filled with thermomechanical compaction technique. After 3 years, the root canal filling was removed by: G1 - manualmechanical technique with orange oil; G2 - manual-mechanical technique with eucalyptol; G3 - ProTaper universal retreatment system with orange oil and G4 - ProTaper universal retreatment system with eucalyptol. In sequence, all root canals were instrumented to F5 instrument. The teeth were longitudinally grooved, images of buccal half were obtained in stereomicroscope and covered area by root canal filling material was measured using image tool software, in cervical, middle and apical radicular thirds. The results were subjected ANOVA and Tukey test (p = 0.05). Results: In all thirds, the manual-mechanical technique showed lower presence of root canal filling material on root canal dentin in comparison to ProTaper retreatment universal system, regardless of organic solvent used (p < 0.05). There is no difference between organic solvents in removal root canal filling material (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The ProTaper universal retreatment system showed lower effectiveness in removal root canal filling material than manual-mechanical technique, regardless of organic solvents (orange oil or eucalyptol oil) used. Clinical significance: Recently rotary instruments have been proposed to removal of root canal filling material. However, there are no studies evaluating its effectiveness in removal root canal filling material in association with orange oil or eucalyptol oil.

Methods for removal of resin remaining after debonding of orthodontic brackets: a literature review

The removal of resin debris and/or resin cement from the enamel surface without causing iatrogenic is the main objective when removing the orthodontic brackets. Some factors such as the time required for removal, damage to the tooth structure, are essential factors for the clinician at the time of removal. Various techniques are used for the removal of orthodontic brackets after the treatment; it is known that the use of clinical procedures such as the use of diamond burs and some pliers removers can damage the structure of the enamel, often depending on the bond strength that should be taken into consideration at the time of removal. This literature review aims to gather the most relevant studies that can clarify the clinical technique, which may be more suitable for removal of the brackets.

Removal of glyphosate herbicide from water using biopolymer membranes

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Removal of reactive dye from aqueous solution using thermally treated red mud

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Study on determination and removal of metallic ions from aqueous and alcoholic solutions using a new POSS adsorbent

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Removal of clay by stingless bees: load size and moisture selection

Some organisms disperse energy, associated with the transportation of resource, which is not necessarily food. Stingless bees of Central Amazonia (Melipona flavolineata and M. lateralis) collect clay in banks along streams for nest building. The moisture of the clay varies along the bank, and bees collect clay from specific location, indicating that there is some sort of preference regarding their selection. This study aims at identifying: if larger bees carry more clay; if there is a preference for moisture of substrates; and if bees are less efficient accumulating and transporting clay when it is wet. In order to do so, I measured the size of the bees and of the pellets of clay found in the corbicula. I set up a field experiment to test substrate preferences. The amount of clay transported, increased exponentially in accordance to the size of the bee, and the preferred substrate was the driest clay. The amount and the efficiency of removal of clay were not affected by the moisture of the substrate. Despite the wet clay being denser, it does not reduce the efficiency of exploitation of the resource, but suggests that bees spend more energy to carry the same quantity of wet clay, which may be the underlying mechanism explaining their preference for removing drier clay.

Determination of soil properties from standard penetration test complemented by torque measurement (SPT-T)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Removal of total coliforms, thermotolerant coliforms, and helminth eggs in Swine production wastewater treated in anaerobic and aerobic reactors

The present work evaluated the performance of two treatment systems in reducing indicators of biological contamination in swine production wastewater. System I consisted of two upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors, with 510 and 209 L in volume, being serially arranged. System II consisted of a UASB reactor, anaerobic filter, trickling filter, and decanter, being also organized in series, with volumes of 300, 190, 250, and 150 L, respectively. Hydraulic retention times (HRT) applied in the first UASB reactors were 40, 30, 20, and 11 h in systems I and II. The average removal efficiencies of total and thermotolerant coliforms in system I were 92.92% to 99.50% and 94.29% to 99.56%, respectively, and increased in system II to 99.45% to 99.91% and 99.52% to 99.93%, respectively. Average removal rates of helminth eggs in system I were 96.44% to 99.11%, reaching 100% as in system II. In reactor sludge, the counts of total and thermotolerant coliforms ranged between 10(5) and 10(9) MPN (100 mL)(-1), while helminth eggs ranged from 0.86 to 9.27 eggs g(-1) TS.