999 resultados para Programa de c
Resumo:
Resumo: Este estudo objetivou analisar a efetividade do Programa Cisternas utilizando abordagens teóricas orientadas aos atores, a partir do desenvolvimento de novas práticas sociais implementadas pelos agricultores beneficiários do Programa para a convivência com o Semiárido brasileiro. Elaborou-se um estudo de caso selecionando a Comunidade Sítios Areias, localizada no município de Sobral (CE). A coleta de dados foi realizada com a aplicação de questionários às famílias beneficiadas pelo Programa. O marco teórico utilizado foi a teoria da Abordagem dos Meios de Vida para caracterizar a efetividade do programa e compreender o processo de mudança social. Constatou-se que o Programa apesar de utilizar os preceitos do paradigma de desenvolvimento sustentável para a sua implantação, não possibilitou a efetividade do programa em promover modificações das práticas sociais, não revertendo a estratégia de migração das famílias, ocasionada pelo processo de desativação dos beneficiários com a agricultura. A implementação do programa não conseguiu combater a pobreza rural, mesmo proporcionando o acesso à água as famílias. Concluiu-se que a forma de intervenção exigia uma nova dinâmica para o Semiárido, bem mais complexa do que simplesmente a construção de tecnologias sociais de captação de água. Recomenda-se políticas integradas e que contribuam para a melhoria dos meios de vida das famílias, mas que também ensejem seu protagonismo e o fortalecimento de sua autonomia frente às adversidades climáticas frequentes da região. [Evaluation of the effectiveness of the Cisterns Programe according to the Sustainable Livelihood Approach]. Abstract: This study was carried out in order to analyze the effectiveness of the Cisterns Program according to the new social practices implemented by the family farmers in order to survive and live in the adverse environment of the Brazilian semiarid. The empirical space chosen was the Municipality of Sobral (CE) and the case study was the Community Areia Branca. Data was collected on all the families benefited from the Cisterns Program. The analytical theoretical framework used was the Sustainable Livelihood Approach to characterize the effectiveness of the program and the process of social change. It was found that despite using the concepts of sustainable development paradigm in the implementation of Cisterns Program, the program was not effective in promoting social changes or to reserve the migration practice as well, which is a family strategy due to deactivation of agricultural activities. The implementation of the program failed to combat rural poverty other than providing access to water. The form of intervention in the semiarid requires a new dynamic approach, which is far more complex than simply building social technologies for water storage. In order to fight poverty in the region, it is necessary to implement integrated policies able to improve life style and bring about changes in order to empower and give autonomy to the families helping them to face the adverse climatic conditions typical of the region.
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Desde una perspectiva cualitativa y autoevaluativa, examino la enseñanza de la geografía profesional en el caso de los cursos que he impartido durante los años 2009 y 2010. Entre los principales resultados destaco que el universo de los estudiantes se encuentra inmerso en tensiones constantes localizadas entre la maraña asociada a la vida personal, las nociones multiescalares coligadas a sus contactos con las formas de comunicación digitales, las expectativas académicas, científicas y profesionales de la geografía y la incertidumbre generalizada respecto al mundo a inicios del siglo XXI.
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O Programa Educacional MAPA - Mundo, Ambiente, Pertencimento e Ação - é um programa de educação e meio ambiente desenvolvido pela Geodinâmica Editora desde 2008 que atua em diversas redes públicas do Brasil. Envolve a produção de um livro multiserial e paradidático para o aluno (o Atlas Ambiental do município), um livro do professor e um curso presencial longo de formação continuada de professores mediado por ferramentas digitais de acompanhamento a distância. O Programa trabalha a reconstrução dos saberes docentes (SHÖN, 1990) na temática socioambiental por meio do desenvolvimento da modalidade organizativa de currículo das sequências didáticas (ZABALA, 1999), fundamentada nas concepções socioconstrutivistas de ensino-aprendizagem (COLL, 1996; SOLÉ, 1998; PERRENOUD, 2000, LERNER, 2002). A proposição de análise socioambiental fundamenta-se no desenvolvimento da leitura crítica das paisagens do lugar por meio da linguagem imagética associada a uma nova cartografia temática e a atividades de campo. Assim, o Programa visa a passagem do foco analítico do pensar objetos isolados para o pensar as interações entre os diferentes objetos (CAPRA, 2005; 2003) e as diferentes escalas a partir do lugar (PORTO-GONÇALVEZ, 2006; CALLAI, 2000; CAVALCANTI, 2008; 2002; 1998; SANTOS, 1996).
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Para ilustrar la aplicación del programa CFA88 (Consolidated Frequency Analysis Package, versión 1) se evaluaron dos series hidrometeorológicas extremas. La primera corresponde a valores de precipitación máxima en 48 horas para la estación pluviométrica San José y la segunda a descargas instantáneas para la estación limnigráfrica 842402 Tacares. Por su configuración y operación a base de menús CFA88 en un programa sumamente versátil y útil para aquellos profesionales involucrados en el análisis de eventos hidrometeorologicos extremos.
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El presente trabajo describe los diferentes componentes del programa CFA88 (Consolidated Frequency Analysis Package, versión 1). El programa le permite al usuario:1) ajustar cinco distribuciones de frecuencia( valor generalizado extremo, lognormal de tres parámetros, log Pearson tipo III, Wakeby y Weibull); 2) evaluar a través de pruebas no paramétricas los supuestos asociados al análisis de frecuencia, a saber: independencia, homogeneidad, aleatoriedad y tendencia en el tiempo;3) detectar valores <<fuera de lo común>> (low and high outliers); y 4) analizar series hidrometeorologicas con ceros, información histórica y eventos fuera de lo común.
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No Brasil por muitos anos o ensino de Geografia se mostrou tradicional, e apesar da evolução de ferramentas educacionais e de tecnologias na área do ensino nas últimas décadas, ainda é notório que em muitas escolas, principalmente nas públicas, as práticas e metodologias que não estão adequadas às necessidades vigentes diante da globalização e do sistema. O C.E. Maria Helena Rocha é uma escola da rede pública estadual localizada na cidade de São Luís – MA. Este trabalho é fruto das atividades exercidas na referida escola com a turma 303 do 3º ano do ensino médio através do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação a Docência – PIBID em Geografia, e busca através dos fenômenos observar as práticas e metodologias de ensino visando criar alternativas para dar suporte ao ensino e a aprendizagem da Geografia. Durante os períodos de observação foi possível identificar que a metodologia se pauta na e utilização do livro didático e à elaboração de resumos de textos do mesmo. De acordo com a professora falta, de alguma forma, motivação nos discentes, pois a turma não acompanha a contento o planejamento das aulas pela docente. A escola não dispõe de recursos necessários e isso inviabiliza, segundo a professora, o desenvolvimento de atividades diferentes, tendo como agravante a inexistência de equipamentos/recursos didáticos ou são de uso restrito.
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A saúde é vista como direito do cidadão e dever do estado. Sendo assim, deve ir além das propostas vigentes sancionadas a saúde, mas, sobretudo resolver os problemas e desafios impostos por ela. Neste sentido, o presente estudo objetiva analisar a importância do Programa Saúde da Família para a população da cidade de Pirapora – Norte de Minas Gerais - Brasil, em especial no bairro Nossa Senhora Aparecida e Santo Antônio. Os procedimentos metodológicos consistiram em levantamento bibliográfico e documental, observação in loco e entrevistas à moradores das áreas e microáreas adscrita pelo Programa Saúde da Família - PSF. Com a implantação do PSF ocorreram significativas mudanças no sistema de saúde brasileiro, já que sua proposta é a inversão do modelo de saúde de hospitalocentrico para assistenciocêntrico, ou seja, promoção e prevenção, onde o cidadão participa do processo de mudanças sendo ator da transformação e do cuidado com a própria saúde. Dessa forma, observamos a importância do Programa em mobilizar e incentivar a participação da comunidade em torno de um interesse comum, de modo que os agentes de saúde e a comunidade criem um elo de possibilidades que estabeleça vínculos para desenvolver trabalhos que beneficie toda a comunidade.
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Mutations in the FGFR3 gene cause the phenotypic spectrum of FGFR3 chondrodysplasias ranging from lethal forms to the milder phenotype seen in hypochondroplasia (Hch). The p.N540K mutation in the FGFR3 gene occurs in ∼70% of individuals with Hch, and nearly 30% of individuals with the Hch phenotype have no mutations in the FGFR3, which suggests genetic heterogeneity. The identification of a severe case of Hch associated with the typical mutation c.1620C > A and the occurrence of a c.1150T > C change that resulted in a p.F384L in exon 10, together with the suspicion that this second change could be a modulator of the phenotype, prompted us to investigate this hypothesis in a cohort of patients. An analysis of 48 patients with FGFR3 chondrodysplasia phenotypes and 330 healthy (control) individuals revealed no significant difference in the frequency of the C allele at the c.1150 position (p = 0.34). One patient carrying the combination `pathogenic mutation plus the allelic variant c.1150T > C' had a typical achondroplasia (Ach) phenotype. In addition, three other patients with atypical phenotypes showed no association with the allelic variant. Together, these results do not support the hypothesis of a modulatory role for the c.1150T > C change in the FGFR3 gene.
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The p23 protein is a chaperone widely involved in protein homeostasis, well known as an Hsp90 co-chaperone since it also controls the Hsp90 chaperone cycle. Human p23 includes a β-sheet domain, responsible for interacting with Hsp90; and a charged C-terminal region whose function is not clear, but seems to be natively unfolded. p23 can undergo caspase-dependent proteolytic cleavage to form p19 (p231-142), which is involved in apoptosis, while p23 has anti-apoptotic activity. To better elucidate the function of the human p23 C-terminal region, we studied comparatively the full-length human p23 and three C-terminal truncation mutants: p23₁₋₁₁₇; p23₁₋₁₃₁ and p23₁₋₁₄₂. Our data indicate that p23 and p19 have distinct characteristics, whereas the other two truncations behave similarly, with some differences to p23 and p19. We found that part of the C-terminal region can fold in an α-helix conformation and slightly contributes to p23 thermal-stability, suggesting that the C-terminal interacts with the β-sheet domain. As a whole, our results suggest that the C-terminal region of p23 is critical for its structure-function relationship. A mechanism where the human p23 C-terminal region behaves as an activation/inhibition module for different p23 activities is proposed.
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Vitamin C stability and concentration was evaluated in isotonic beverages and B group vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B5 and B6) in power beverages. The amount of vitamins was found to be above of that declared on the labels, even after the shelf life had been exceeded. A small decrease in the amount of B group vitamins was observed during the shelf life of the products. In the case of vitamin C this decrease was slightly higher. The present research shows the need of increased quality control and inspection.
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Edibles films are an alternative to synthetic materials used for packing food products. Barbados cherry is rich in vitamin C and carotenoids. The aim of this study was to characterize and develop films by casting from cassava starch, lyophilized Barbados cherry pulp and glycerol. The films were characterized with respect to thickness, water vapor permeability (WVP), water solubility, vitamin C, carotene and mechanical properties. The interaction of pulp and glycerol reduced film thickness. An increase in pulp concentration up to 60% increased WVP but beyond this concentration reduced both WVP and solubility leading to an increased level of vitamin C and β carotene in the films.
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One of the main referring subjects to the solar energy is how to compare it economically with other sources of energy, as much alternatives as with conventionals (like the electric grid). The purpose of this work was to develop a software which congregates the technical and economic main data to identify, through methods of microeconomic analysis, the commercial viability in the sizing of photovoltaic systems, besides considering the benefits proceeding from the proper energy generation. Considering the period of useful life of the components of the generation system of photovoltaic electricity, the costs of the energy proceeding from the conventional grid had been identified. For the comparison of the conventional sources, electric grid and diesel generation, three scenes of costs of photovoltaic panels and two for the factor of availability of diesel generation had been used. The results have shown that if the cost of the panels is low and the place of installation is more distant of the electric grid, the photovoltaic system becomes the best option.
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Among the important changes in the production processes, it is necessary to guarantee the sustainability of the human enterprises, what makes us to foresee changes in the managerial administration to adapt to a new model, with the insert of the concepts of Clean Production, Cleaner, Lean and Total Productive Maintenance (TPM). The main focus of this work was to elaborate a methodology that made it possible to guarantee the reliability in the waterworks of the sugarcane harvester, identifying and analyzing the manners of flaws, in order to result in the improvement of the environmental and socioeconomic quality in the atmosphere of an industry of sugarcane through the significant decrease of hydraulic oil spill. Through the existent report in ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning), used in a Sugarcane Industry Plant, it was possible to accompany of the operational acting of the sugarcane harvester used during 03 crops, regarding the manners of flaws in the waterworks of the same ones, and, in one of the crops it was elaborated the total control of the waterworks of 5 harvesters. Based on the obtained data and the developed methodology it was possible to develop a software that specifies the electric outlet of decisions.
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In this paper I present some evidencie that forces us to conclude that within the Minimalist Program (Chomsky 1993; 1995), Binding Theory (BT) should be computed after LF (Logical Form). I show that derivations leading to structures containing violations of BT-Principles must converge at LF, since less economical alternative derivations respecting those principles are also ungrammatical. Being irrelevant to the notion of convergence, BT must apply after LF. A similar reasoning reveals that the Theta-Criterion should have the status of a bare output condition appling at LF, since less economical derivations are allowed by the computational system to prevent violations of it.
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We present and discuss in this article some features of a research program whose central object of investigation is the way in which the recent fields of history, philosophy, and sociology of mathematical education could take part in a critical and qualified manner in the initial and continuing training of teachers in this area. For that, we endorse the viewpoint that the courses for mathematics teacher education should be based on a conception of specificity through which a new pedagogical project could be established. In such project those new fields of investigation would participate, in an organic and clarifying way, in the constitution of multidimensional problematizations of school practices, in which mathematics would be involved, and that would be guided by academic investigations about the issues that currently challenge teachers in the critical work of incorporation, resignification, production, and transmission of mathematical culture in the context of the school institution.