Linhagem materna: Qual a sua influência em características pré e pós desmama em bovinos da raça Nelore?

The present work had as objective to evaluate the effects of the introduction of the maternal lineage (Lc), representing the mitochondrial inheritance, in the model of genetic evaluation on birth weight (BW), weight for 120 days (W120), weaning weight (WW), weight at 12 month (W12), weight at 18 month (W18), weight gain from weaning to 18 month (WG18), scrotal perimeter (SP) and temperament (TEMP) of a Brazilian Nelore herd. Two models had been used for raise a comparison among of estimates the (co)variances components and genetic parameter, been the first equal one to currently used in the genetic evaluations of this herd, and second included the random effect of maternal lineage. Amongst the analyzed characteristics, the maternal lineage effect was significant (P<0.05) for W18 and SP only it, where this effect was responsible for 3% and 7%, respectively, of phenotypic variance could be explained by Lc effect. For besides characteristics, however not significant, this effect was responsible for 1% and 9% of phenotypic variance.

Efeito do eCG ou benzoato de estradiol associado ao norgestomet na taxa de concepção de vacas de corte submetidas à IATF no pós-parto

This study aimed to compare conception rates at the postpartum period (PPP) in beef cows which were administered either Equine Chorionic Gonadotrophin (eCG) or Estradiol Benzoate (EB) after Norgestomet and submitted to fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI). The hypothesis was that the administration of eCG or EB enhances the conception rate. Lactating Nelore cows (n=138) and Brangus (n = 63), between 26 and 118 days of post partum period (PPP) were divided into three homogeneous groups, and subdivided in two blocks, inside each group one of them with a PPP d'' 45 days (PPP1; n=107) and another with a PPP > 45 days (PPP2; n=94). All cows received an auricular implant containing 3mg Norgestomet (Crestar®), followed by the administration of 5mg Estradiol Valerate. The auricular implants were kept during 10 days. Cows received 1mL saline solution (n=68, Control Group) or 500IU eCG (Folligon®; n=67; eCG Group) or 1mg Estradiol Benzoate (Index, n=66; EB Group) 24 hours after the removal of the implant. FTAI was made 54 hours after the implant removal. The pregnancy diagnosis was carried through ultrasonography 30 days after FTAI. There was an interaction between treatments and PPP. In the PPP1, the conception rate was higher in the eCG Group than in the EB Group (47.22% vs. 15.38%; Pd''0.01). In the PPP2, the conception rates of the eCG and EB Groups were higher than in the Control Group (41.93%, 44.44% vs. 22.22%: Pd''0.01). It was concluded that in cows up to 45 days of PPP, the eCG associated with Norgestomet enhances the conception rates.

Desenvolvimento sustentável na América Latina e no Caribe: seguimento da agendas das Nações Unidas para o desenvolvimento pós-2015 e Rio+20

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Caracterização morfológica do fruto, da semente e desenvolvimento pós-seminal do abacateiro

A propagação do abacateiro é comercialmente, realizada por enxertia da variedade desejada sobre porta-enxertos seminais. No entanto, a literatura é discordante sobre a ocorrência de poliembrionia e tipo de fruto, nesta espécie. Em função do exposto, o trabalho objetivou caracterizar o tipo de fruto, aspectos morfológicos da semente e da plântula, além de avaliar o número de embriões existente. O abacateiro possui frutos do tipo baga, as sementes são monoembriônicas e exalbuminosas, a germinação é hipógea e a emergência das plântulas ocorreu 33 dias após a semeadura. A raiz primária é longa e de coloração branca e as raízes secundárias são curtas e filiformes. Os cotilédones são maciços e de coloração rosada. Foi possível observar a presença de múltiplos caulículos na semente de abacate, originados do colo. As sementes apresentam policaulia; o início da estabilização da emergência de plântulas ocorreu na oitava semana, sendo inviável para a propagação da espécie, manter essas sementes no viveiro por mais tempo.

O regionalismo pós-liberal, na América do Sul: origens, iniciativas e dilemas

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Utilização de água residuária do processo pós-colheita do café na produção de mudas de cafeeiro

Intending to achieve better results on coffee production, the coffee producers began, since the 80s, to process the coffee postharvest, in order to ensure product's superior quality. However, with the processing, other problem appeared, the contamination of rivers, creeks, soil and water table from coffee wastewater (ARC). This paper had as main objective to use the ARC on the coffee plants' production verifying its viability and if the ARC is able to supply the coffee potassium requirements when they don't receive potassium chloride in the organic compound. The work was developed at Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas - UNESP, Botucatu-SP, in a greenhouse located at Departamento de Engenharia Rural. The work consisted of 10 treatments on a 5×2 factorial (5 wastewater proportions of coffee after the harvest processing - 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% - and potassium chloride presence or absence in the composition), with 4 repetitions with a completely randomized statistical design. The ARC was applied each 48 hours in an irrigation depth of 10 mm. After 6 months, the plants' vegetative characteristic had been evaluated as well the chemical characteristics of the compound and of the plants. We observed that the treatments with potassium chloride presence showed worse vegetative characteristics compared with treatments which did not have KCl in its composition. Moreover, with the increase of the wastewater dosage, it happened a decrease in the vegetative characteristics, however an addition in the chemical characteristics of the compound. Also, the treatments without KCl presence and with 0% and 25% of coffee wastewater had been statistically equal, showing the viability in the use of the ARC in the production of coffee plants, since the compound does not contain KCl and that the water used in the composition is a mixture of 25% of ARC with 75% of common water.

Síndrome metabólica em mulheres na pós-menopausa tratadas de câncer de mama

PURPOSE: To assess the occurrence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in postmenopausal breast cancer survivors. METHODS: A total of 158 breast cancer survivors were included in this cross-sectional study. Eligibility criteria were: women with amenorrhea >12 months and age ≥45 years, treated for breast cancer and no metastasis for at least five years. Clinical history and anthropometric indicator data (body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference, (WC) were collected. Biochemical parameters, including total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides (TG), glucose and C-reactive protein (CRP), were measured. MetS was diagnosed as the presence of at least three of the following diagnostic criteria: WC>88 cm, blood pressure≥130/85 mmHg, triglycerides≥150 mg/dl, HDL <50 mg/dL,and glucose≥100 mg/dL. The Student's t-test and χ 2 test were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The mean age of breast cancer survivors was 63.1±8.6 years, with a mean follow-up of 9.1±4.0 years. MetS was diagnosed in 48.1% (76/158) and the most prevalent diagnostic criterion was abdominal obesity (WC>88 cm), affecting 54.4% (86/158) of the women. The patients without MetS had a longer follow-up compared those with MetS (p<0.05). Regarding the current BMI, PN average, those without MetS were overweight, and those with MetS were obese (p<0.05). Among the latter, comparison of BMI at the time of cancer diagnosis and current BMI (27.8±5.4 versus 33.4±5.4 kg/m2) showed a significant weight gain (p<0.05). Mean CRP values were higher in women with MetS (p<0.05). In the comparison of tumor characteristics and cancer treatments there was no difference between groups (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Postmenopausal breast cancer survivors had a higher risk of developing metabolic syndrome and central obesity.

Glicemia, proteinograma e perfil de alguns componentes bioquímicos séricos de cabras da raça bôer no pós-parto

The objective was to test the hypothesis that there is variation of some protein components, biochemical and glucose from the blood of goats in the postpartum period. ElevenBoer goats were used to evaluate the serum following variables: total protein (TP), albumin, α-globulin, β-globulin, γ-globulin, immunoglobulin G (IgG), aspartate (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), creatinine, urea and glucose. These components were determined in moments zero (immediately after delivery), two, seven, 15, 30 and 75 days postpartum. The β-globulin, IgG, creatinine and urea from the goats did not show significant variations, the blood glucose at time zero was greater than the baseline values due to physiological stimulation of glycogenesis determined by the increase of cortisol in delivery. The blood constituents of goats showed variations in the period to 75 days postpartum as a result physiological causes related to delivery and postpartum.

Morfologia do epidídimo de cobaio (Cavia porcellus) em diferentes fases do desenvolvimento pós-natal

The morphological evolution of the epididymal duct of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus, L.) was studied on 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 70, 90 and 100 days of age, being complex, which is due to the proper differentiation postnatal in the epididymal epithelium. Thus, it was observed that the initial segment of the epididymis reveals an increase of epithelial height corresponding to the average height of the main tubular epithelium cells, generally progressive after 45 days of age. The epithelial height in the middle segment were higher in younger stages (10 to 45 days) than in the prepubertal age (60 days), and have a decrease among 70 to 100 days of age. The ductular terminal segment starts a gradual decrease of the epithelial heights from puberal age (70 days), until adult age (90 to 100 days). In addition, this segment showed epithelial waviness that disappeared after 70 days of age, when the lumen fills it with sperm and cellular exfoliation. The cell types of the epididymal tubular epithelium, principal cells, basal cells and apical cells, were observed in all ages. In the epididymis of very young animals, there was a predominance of undifferentiated columnar cells. After 20 days of age, there was natural prevalence of the principal cells on other cell types, what is a feature similar to other mammals.

Controle em pós-colheita de Penicillium digitatum em laranja-pera com microrganismos e tratamento térmico

The consumer market demands food without pesticide residues. Therefore, this study focused on evaluating the control of green mold in Pera orange trees with biocontrol agents (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis (QST 713)), associated or not with heat treatment. The fruit was obtained in packinghouse before processing, being washed and disinfected with the use of Sodium Hypochlorite. Fruits submitted to these treatments were stored from 11 to 28 days at temperature of 10 °C and RH 90%±5 or for eight days at 20 °C and 90%±5. In general, the heat treatment reduced the disease severity determine by the area under the disease progress curve in the fruit and the incidence of natural postharvest disease in Pera oranges. On the other hand, biocontrol agents did not control the disease, showing that the organisms tested did not present curative activity against the green mold.

Evolução de pacientes com AIDS pós cART: Evolução clínica e laboratorial de pacientes com AIDS após 48 semanas de tratamento antirretroviral

Combination Antiretroviral Therapy (cART) aims to inhibit viral replication, delay immunodeficiency progression and improve survival in AIDS patients. The objective of this study was to compare two different schemes of cART, based on plasma viral load (VL) and CD4+ T lymphocyte count, during 48 weeks of treatment. For this purpose, 472 medical charts of a Specialized Outpatient Service were reviewed from 1998 to 2005. Out of these, 58 AIDS patients who had received a triple drug scheme as the initial treatment were included in the study and two groups were formed: Group 1 (G1): 47 individuals treated with two nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) and one non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor; Group 2 (G2): 11 patients treated with two NRTI and one protease inhibitor. In G1 and G2, 53.2% and 81.8% respectively were patients with an AIDS-defining disease. The T CD4+ lymphocyte count increased progressively up until the 24th week of treatment in all patients, while VL became undetectable in 68.1% of G1 and in 63.6% of G2. The study concluded that the evolutions of laboratory tests were similar in the two treatment groups and that both presented a favorable clinical evolution.

Sobre a analgesia pós-operatória da morfina, cetamina ou da associação em cadelas submetidas à ovariossalpingohisterectomia eletiva

This study aimed to evaluate the post operative analgesic effects of morphine or ketamine alone or their combination in 24 healthy bitches, weighing 11.01±8.69kg and aging 27±17 months, submitted to elective ovariohysterectomy. The animals were distributed to one of the three treatments after the anaesthetic induction: morphine (GM, n=8, 0.5mg kg-1 IM), ketamine (GK, n=8, 2.5mg kg-1 IM) or ketamine combined to morphine (GKM) using the same doses previously described. Sedation score and pain assessment were performed blindly two hours before surgery and at 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours after extubation, using the Dobbins scale (sedation) and visual analogue scale (pain) and Glasgow modified pain scale (GMPS). Rescue analgesia was performed with 1.0mg kg-1 of morphine and if not sufficient, followed by 0.2mg kg-1 of meloxicam, both IM, when the GMPS reached above 33% of the total score. Non parametric data were analyzed using Friedmańs test followed by Dunńs test for differences in time. Kruskal-Walliś test followed by Dunńs test were used to investigate differences in the number of analgesic rescues and among groups at each time. Parametric data were evaluated by ANOVA followed by Tukey's test (P<0.05). Except for GMPS, where the values of GM were greater than for GKM at 1h post-extubation, there were no other differences among groups. The number of rescue analgesia was greater in GM (11 in total; twice in 3 animals,) when compared to GKM (3; twice in 1 animal) and GK (2; twice in 1 animal). Analgesia provided by pre-incisional ketamine was more effective when compared to morphine. According to that, ketamine alone may be used as a preemptive analgesic in bitches undergoing ovariohysterectomy; however, rescue analgesia may be necessary.

Desempenho produtivo e qualidade pós-colheita de genótipos de feijão do grupo comercial carioca cultivados na época de inverno-primavera

The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance and grain quality, especially the grain technological characteristics in the common bean genotypes, cultivated in winter-spring season. The experiment was carried out in Jaboticabal-SP, in a Rhodic Hapludox. The experimental design was a randomized block with 17 treatments (genotypes) with three replications. The plots had been composed for 17 carioca common bean group genotypes (Pérola, BRS Cometa, BRS Pontal, IPR Juriti, CNFC 10703, CNFC 10713, CNFC 10716, CNFC 10721, CNFC 10729, CNFC 10733, CNFC 10742, CNFC 10753, CNFC 10757, CNFC 10758, CNFC 10762, CNFC 10763 and CNFC 10813). BRS Pontal and CNFC 10716 showed simultaneously the higher number of per plant and grain yield. The technological characteristics more expressive was verified in CNFC 10703, CNFC 10713, CNFC 10758, CNFC 10813 and CNFC 10716 genotypes, principally about the protein content, cooking time and grain hydration capacity. The CNFC 10716 genotype detached as promissory, because their elevated agronomic performance and satisfactory technological characteristics.

Complicações pós-operatórias em cirurgia torácica relacionadas aos índices e testes preditores de risco cirúrgico pré-operatórios

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