Water masses and circulation of the Mozambique Channel

From 1977 to 1980, several research cruises were carried out in the coastal waters of Mozambique to collect oceanographic data. The distribution of hydrographic and bathythermograph stations is given. The water masses and circulation were mapped and wind data gathered.

Short-channel polymer field-effect-transistor fabrication using spin-coating-induced edge template and ink-jet printing

A method to fabricate polymer field-effect transistors with submicron channel lengths is described. A thin polymer film is spin coated on a prepatterned resist with a low resolution to create a thickness contrast in the overcoated polymer layer. After plasma and solvent etching, a submicron-sized line structure, which templates the contour of the prepattern, is obtained. A further lift-off process is applied to define source-drain electrodes of transistors. With a combination of ink-jet printing, transistors with channel length down to 400 nm have been fabricated by this method. We show that drive current density increases as expected, while the on/off current ratio 106 is achieved. © 2005 American Institute of Physics.

Technical report of frame and catch assessment surveys of Lakes Edward and George; and the Kazinga Channel conducted in January and July 2011- 2013

This study aimed at evaluating the production levels in terms of catch estimates of the artisanal fisheries of the Edward-George system in addition to providing information on the facilities and services at landing sites and the composition, magnitude and distribution of fishing effort to guide development and management of the fisheries resources of the Edward and George lakes and Kazinga channel. Specifically, the study was expected to come up with the following outputs:- a) Information on the number of fish landing sites on the basin lakes; b) Information on the facilities available at the fish landing sites to service the fisheries sector ; c) Information on the number of fishers; d) Information on the number and types of fishing crafts; e) Information on the modes of propulsion of the fishing crafts; f) Information on the number types and sizes of fishing gears including the number of illegal fishing gears in the fishery; and g) Recommendations on development and management of the fisheries of the Edward and George lakes and Kazinga channel. h) Beach values in terms of annual catches and annual revenue from the water bodies.

Growth of the green mussel, Perna viridis (Linn. 1758), from Moheshkhali Channel of the Bay of Bengai, Bangladesh

Growth of Perna viridis L. inhabiting Moheshkhali jetty of the channel was studied for one year from November, 1990 to October, 1991. The mussel attained 88.12mm±14.69 in length within 12 months with a mean growth rate of 7.34mrnlmonth. Employing von Bertalanffy's growth equation it was found that P. viridis can be 88.43mm, 114.69mm and 121.9lmm at the age of 1, 2 and 3 year respectively. The highest growth rate was recorded during November-April, coinciding with the maximum abundance of phytoplankton and the greatest salinity. The maximum growth rate (99.38%) was recorded at an early stage and was followed by a sharp decline to 4.47%. The growth pattern of P. viridis fitted well with the von Bertalanffy's growth equation.

Occurrence and abundance of brachyuran larvae in the Manora Channel (Karachi, Pakistan) during 1993

The present paper investigates the occurrence and abundance of brachyuran larvae in the Manora Channel during August- December 1993. The fortnightly planktonic sampling was carried out in Manora Channel which is bordered by mangroves, during day time from surface and subsurface waters at shallow depth using Bongo net of 300 micron mesh size. Analysis of samples revealed presence of brachyuran larvae of 12 species belonging to 6 families. Of these 4 species are confirmed: Serenella indica, Dotilla blanfordi, Metopograpsus thukuhar and Clistocoeloma lanatum, 2 provisionally identified species are: Pilumnus ?karachiensis and Pinnotheres ?pisum, 2 species are identified upto generic level: Philyra sp. and Pinnotheres sp., and 1 Ocypodid species and 3 Xanthid species are identified upto family level. This study based on identification, occurrence and abundance of brachyuran larvae in the area, also gives percentage composition of brachyuran larvae collected during 1993, in the Manora Channel.

Seasonal dynamics in the occurrence and abundance of Pseudo-nitzschia species in the Maheshkhali channel of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh

Occurrence and abundance of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. at the mouth of the Maheshkhali channel of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh were studied. Plankton and water samples were collected monthly from the sub-surface water during high tide at daytime from June 2000 to May 2001. Four species of Pseudo-nitzschia, namely P. pungens, P. pseudodelicatissima, P. delicatissima and P. australis were identified and among them the first three were most commonly encountered and they varied seasonally. Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima was the dominant species during the autumn and winter months, whereas P. pungens was dominant during the summer and spring months. Pseudo-nitzschia pseudodelicatissima exhibited its highest abundance level during the summer. Surface water temperature, salinity, nitrate-nitrogen (N03-N) and phosphate-phosphorus (P04-P) were recorded and their relationship with the occurrence and abundance of Pseudo-nitzschia species were studied. At the mouth of the Maheshkhali channel, Pseudo-nitzschia cell density was highest in late autumn (November) when highest salinity (35 o/oo) and P04-P (3.2 mg/l) concentrations and low temperature (23 °C) were recorded.

Size frequency distribution and carapace length-total length relationship of Acetes chinensis in the Kutubdia channel of Bangladesh coast

The seasonal mean size distribution of A. chinensis were estimated as 29.229mm ±4.77, 25.125mm ±2.55, 25.165mm ±2.29 and 32.44mm ±3.63 for annual, monsoon, postmonsoon and pre-monsoon period, respectively. Seasonal mean carapace length distribution were estimated as 9.37mm ±1.457, 8.063mm ±0.63,8.258mm ±0.59 and 10.37mm ±l.ll3 for annual, monsoon, post-monsoon and the pre-monsoon season. The carapace length and total length relationships was found to be TL= - 1.39±3.23 CL. Linear relation was found in arithmetic and as well as logarithmic scale.

Seasonal dynamics of phytoplankton in relation to environmental factors in the Maheshkhali channel, Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh

In total 68 phytoplankton species were identified at the mouth of the Maheshkhali channel with the Bay of Bengal, among them 41 belong to Bacillariophyceae, 17 Dinophyceae, 7 Cyanophyceae and 3 to Chlorophyceae. The highest phytoplankton production was observed in November (578.0 x 105 cells/L) and the lowest in June (37.5 x 105 cells/L). Some hydrographic parameters e.g., surface water temperature, salinity and nutrients (N03-N and P04-P) were recorded and their relationship with the occurrence and abundance of phytoplankton population were also studied. Nutrient concentration was higher during the autumn months, when rain water provided the maximum outflow of rivers discharging into the channel. During the nutrient peak period, the total phytoplankton production was maximum. Bacillariophyceae was the dominant group of phytoplankton throughout the study period except in June and September, when Dinophyceae was dominant. Cyanophyceae was abundant in spring months when temperature began to rise.

High mobility N-channel and P-channel nanocrystalline silicon thin-film transistors

We report high hole and electron mobilities in nanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si:H) top-gate staggered thin-film transistors (TFTs) fabricated by direct plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) at 260°C. The n-channel nc-Si:H TFT with n+ nc-Si:H ohmic contacts shows a field-effect electron mobility (μnFE) of 130 cm2/Vs, which increases to 150 cm2/Vs with Cr-silicide contacts, along with a field-effect hole mobility (μhFE) of 25 cm2/Vs. To the best of our knowledge, the hole and electron mobilities reported here are the highest achieved to date using direct PECVD. © 2005 IEEE.

Studies on the occurrence and growth rates of two intertidal fouling bryozoans in the Mattancherry channel of Cochin harbour, south-west coast of India

Occurrence and growth rates of two species of intertidal fouling bryozoans namely Electra bengalensis (Stoliczka) and Electra crustulanta (Pallas) are presented in this paper. The former was a typically marine form, settling on panels only during the high saline conditions of the pre-monsoon period and were absent during the low salinity conditions of the monsoon period, while the latter appeared to be a typical brackish water form settling on panels during the low saline conditions existing during the monsoon and post-monsoon periods and were totally absent during the pre-monsoon months. Regression co-efficient of the former was higher than that of the latter suggesting more pronounced growth in Electra bengalensis. Maximum growth for this species was noticed during March, April and May (pre-monsoon) while for the other species growth was more or less similar during monsoon and post-monsoon months (June-January) showing that the species was at home in oligohaline and mesohaline waters.