Magnetic properties of the oceanic igneous rocks (Table 1)

Hysteresis measurements have been carried out on a suite of ocean-floor basalts with ages ranging from Quaternary to Cretaceous. Approximately linear, yet separate, relationships between coercivity (Bc) and the ratio of saturation remanence/saturation magnetization (Mrs/Ms) are observed for massive doleritic basalts with low-Ti magnetite and for pillow basalts with multi-domain titanomagnetites (with x= 0.6). Even when the MORB has undergone lowtemperature oxidation resulting in titanomaghemite, the parameters are still distinguishable, although offset from the trend for unoxidized multidomain titanomagnetite. The parameters for these iron oxides with different titanium content reveal contrasting trends that can be explained by the different saturation magnetizations of the mineral types. This plot provides a previously underutilized and non-destructive method to detect the presence of low-titanium magnetite in igneous rocks, notably MORB.

Toxicidade de extratos vegetais ao percevejo bronzeado do eucalipto Thaumastocoris peregrinus (hemiptera: heteroptera: thaumastocoridae) e organismos não-alvo

Thaumastocoris peregrinus (Hemiptera: Thaumastocoridae ) is an insect from Australia which is causing severe damage to eucalyptus crops around the world. When feeding from the leaves sap, it causes bronzening, and in extreme cases, may lead to the tree death. Control methods have been studied and the most promising so far is the egg parasitoid Cleruchoides noackae (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae). Alternative products from plants with insecticidal properties could also be a viable option, and they might even be used concomitantly with C. noackae, aiming for a most effective control, but still safe for the environment. Thus, the objective of this work was to verify the action of 5% aqueous plant extracts of Matricaria chamomilla, Echinodorus grandiflorus, Punica granatum, Maytenus ilicifolia a n d Origanum majorana on T. peregrinus. In addition, we aimed to study the extracts potential toxicity to C. noackae and Gallus domesticus L., since the plant compounds might have negative effect upon the non-target organisms. At first, HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) was used to verify which phenolic compounds would be found in the plant extracts. These were tested on bronze bug adults, in confinement test (to verify the insecticidal action of the extracts) and free-choice test (to verify the repellency). The extracts that showed better results were selected for further tests with non-target organisms. Regarding C. noackae, pre-parasitism and post-parasitism, confinement and free-choice tests were performed to verify if the extracts would affect the host-choosing by the female or the development of the immature stages of the parasitoid. To verify if the extracts would be toxic to G. domesticus, the plant extracts were added to young birds feed for five days. Parameters such as weight gain, food intake, quantification of serum enzymes and histopathological analysis were carried out. HPLC analysis detected gallic, ferulic, vanillic, caffeic and cumaric acid in the extracts samples. All plant extracts tested reduced T. peregrinus survival, but E. grandiflorus, Matricaria chamomilla Maytenus ilicifolia had also a repellent effect, and were tested on the non-target organisms. None of these extracts affected neither the host choice by C. noackae nor adult emergency, when compared to the control group. In addition, the extracts did not cause alterations in any of the studied parameters. Thus, we verified that E. grandiflorus, Matricaria chamomilla and Maytenus ilicifolia have potential to be used to control T. peregrinus and are safe to C. noackae and G. domesticus.

Macrofauna epígea de besouros coprófilos em sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária

The soil macrofauna (organisms ≥ 2.0 mm) main function is to act indirectly on the decomposition of organic matter and control the population of microorganisms. This study aims to evaluate the density and richness of coprphilic dung beetles at different levels of nitrogen fertilization and grazing pressure on Crop-Livestock Integration System (ILP) and his opposition to morphotypes present in the native forests of the region. Was used a rural area in Abelardo Luz city, western state of Santa Catarina, on the border of southwest of Paraná, 26° 31' 18.8832" south latitude and 52° 15' 3.4986' west longitude and elevation 862 m for the installation of the experiment, which is already carried out the activity of agriculture and livestock. The study is part of the Integrated Project of Long Duration GISPA UTFPR Group, which evaluates the grazing pressure and time of fertilization deployed in April 2013. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design in a 2x2 factorial arrangement with three replications. The factors were "Nitrogen Application" (NP = N in the pasture and NG = N applied in corn) and "Height Grazing" (high and low). The native forest, which provided the parameters for assessing the degree of conservation, lies 700 meters northeast of the experimental area. Modified pitfall traps were used at ground level, on the bait trap and covered together to prevent dehydration. They were carried out 36 collections in bushland, within one year from 26 April 2013, in which we obtained a total of 16,301 individuals and 28 morphotypes. In ILP area specimens were collected from June to September 2014, totaling 23 collections, 74,586 individuals and 30 morphotypes. To carry out the statistics and faunal analysis, GENES programs were used, ANAFAU, NTIA/EMBRAPA and SigmaPlot version 12.5. Most of the correlations observed (90%) between the variables of insects and environmental conditions was significant. The largest number of insects was directly related to the temperature rise. There was a positive correlation between the application of nitrogen and the occurrence of coprophilous. There was a positive correlation between the number of insects and low grazing height. It was also found that some of the insects migrate from the culture to the area of native forest after reaching their peak population. The great similarity of results observed in the native forest and the ILP System indicates the ecological benefits of adopting this technology.

Resposta imune à saliva de flebotomíneos (diptera: psychodidae) em indivíduos residentes em áreas urbana e periurbana no nordeste do brasil

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has a wide geographical distribution in tropical and subtropical areas of the planet, which is a protozoan parasite of the genus Leishmania. This pathogen is transmitted to the host through the sandflies bite, with its saliva, the immune response that leads to both. In the state of Rio Grande do Norte, 85% of the sand flies captured is Lutzomyia longipalpis, but the second most abundant, Lutzomyia evandroi, it deserves emphasis because its wide distribution and eclectic behavior. The exposure of people living in endemic areas for the insect vector VL greatly increases the chances of infection. This study aimed to evaluate aspects of the epidemiological profile of VL in endemic areas of human and nonendemic in the metropolitan area of Natal, as well as verify the abundance and seasonal fluctuations of sandflies species in two counties endemic for VL. Were collected in the municipalities of Nísia Floresta, Parnamirim, São Gonçalo do Amarante and Macaíba, of which groups of females were separated for further dissection of the salivary glands and identification of species. The blood samples used were from individuals of two Natal s districts where it has never been reported cases of VL and neighborhoods of Parnamirim applicants who present cases of VL. In the municipality of Nísia Floresta, the most abundant species was L. evandroi with 38.39%, followed by L. longipalpis with 36.22%, L. walkeri 19.67% L. lenti 3.81%, L. wellcomei 1.39% and L. whitmani 0.52%. Already in Parnamirim the proportions were L. walkeri with 73.15%, L. evandroi with 10.55%, L. wellcomei 7.63%, L. longipalpis 6.37%, L. whitmani 1.46%, L. sordellii 0.52%, L. intermedia 0.21 and L. shanonni 0.1%. In both municipalities was observed higher abundance of species distributed in the initial months of the year, as February and March. The study showed that no difference in exposure to the vector of VL among individuals from endemic and non endemic area for this disease. But there are differences in exposure between individuals of L. longipalpis and L. evandroi, confirming the great powers of the first vector. It was also characterized as predominant phenotype in the population of endemic areas who had negative serologic responses to antigens of Leishmania and result in negative Montenegro skin test (DTH), indicating that much of the population hasn t been bitten by infected insects

Otimização de controle de tráfego em grupo de elevadores com algoritmos bioinspirados

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica, 2015.

Contribuição ao conhecimento do gênero Coprophanaeus (Insecta: Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) no Cerrado do Distrito Federal

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, 2015.

Efeitos da microgravidade em plantas de cana-de-açúcar

Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is a plant from Poaceae family that has an impressive ability to accumulate sucrose in the stalk, making it a significant component of the economy of many countries. About 100 countries produce sugarcane in an area of 22 million hectares worldwide. For this reason, many studies have been done using sugarcane as a plant model in order to improve production. A change in gravity may be one kind of abiotic stress, since it generates rapid responses after stimulation. In this work we decided to investigate the possible morphophysiological, biochemical and molecular changes resulting from microgravity. Here, we present the contributions of an experiment where sugarcane plants were submitted to microgravity flight using a vehicle VSB-30, a sounding rocket developed by Aeronautics and Space Institute teams, in cooperation with the German Space Agency. Sugarcane plants with 10 days older were submitted to a period of six minutes of microgravity using the VSB-30 rocket. The morphophysiological analyses of roots and leaves showed that plants submitted to the flight showed changes in the conduction tissues, irregular pattern of arrangement of vascular bundles and thickening of the cell walls, among other anatomical changes that indicate that the morphology of the plants was substantially influenced by gravitational stimulation, besides the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide, an important signaling molecule in stress conditions. We carried out RNA extraction and sequencing using Illumina platform. Plants subjected to microgravity also showed changes in enzyme activity. It was observed an increased in superoxide dismutase activity in leaves and a decreased in its activity in roots as well as for ascorbate peroxidase activity. Thus, it was concluded that the changes in gravity were perceived by plants, and that microgravity environment triggered changes associated with a reactive oxygen specie signaling process. This work has helped the understanding of how the gravity affects the structural organization of the plants, by comparing the anatomy of plants subjected to microgravity and plants grown in 1g gravity

Vicilina de sementes da leguminosa selvagem Anadenanthera macrocarpa: purificação, caracterização, efeito deletério e mecanismo de ação para Callosobruchus maculatus

Grains and legume seeds are foods that form the basis of the diets of many cultures around the world, winch contritbute to the daily nutrient requirements of humans. Vicilins (7S globulin) are storage proteins found in legume seeds, and may have an additional function constitutive defense of the embryo against pests and pathogens. In this work the vicilin from Anadenanthera macrocarpa - AmV (red-angico), was purified and partially characterized, its effect on development and larval survival and adult emergence of Callosobruchus maculatus was evaluated by determination of LD50, WD50 and ED50 in system bioassay. Purification of vicilin was initiated by the chitin affinity chromatography and then gel filtration (Superdex 75 Tricorn 10x300 mm) FPLC system followed by reverse phase chromatography (C8 phenomenex) on HPLC system. Bioassays WD50 and LD50 for larvae were 0.32% and 0.33% (w:w) respectively, since the ED50 for adults was 0.096%. The probable mechanism of action was evaluated by testing digestibility of AmV in vitro, and observed for the involvement of two fragments vicilins immunoreactive against polyclonal Anti-vicilin from Erythrina velutina (Anti-EvV) about of 22 and 13 kDa chitin binding. The AmV in its native form has been recognized by the anti-EvV, indicating that there is a conserved region in the vicilin and is probably corresponding to the chitin binding domains. These results point to a new vicilin chitin binding that can subsequently be used as a possible biopesticide protein source, in order to control insect pest C. maculatus and confirm literature findings that demonstrate vicilin in the presence of different kinds of ligands to conserved regions chitin not yet characterized

Classificação e Análise de Fatores Humanos nos Acidentes e Incidentes na Força Aérea

A aviação, enquanto elemento crucial na aproximação entre culturas, povos e esforços de guerra, atravessa atualmente um período de elevada valorização e consequente evolução da sua componente de Segurança de Voo (SV). A larga maioria das ocorrências aeronáuticas resultam de falhas humanas, isto é, são grandemente oriundas de erros na interface homem-máquina. Tal facto, alerta para a pertinência da criação, e posterior aplicação, de um sistema cada vez mais eficaz de análise e classificação das causas das ocorrências. A Força Aérea (FA) recorre, desde 1999, ao anexo F do RFA 330-1 para proceder à classificação das causas das ocorrências, o qual, face às necessidades atuais – frequentemente aventadas por quem proximamente lida com esta área – poderá beneficiar com um trabalho periódico de estudo e reformulação, catalisador de um processo de análise e de classificação cada vez mais ajustado às exigências da realidade envolvente. A presente dissertação propõe uma abordagem de classificação e análise de Fatores Humanos (FH) adaptada ao contexto da FA, a qual se convencionou designar por abordagem HFACS adaptada à FA. Para tal, utilizou-se uma metodologia essencialmente qualitativa, recorrendo a entrevistas semiestruturadas a Oficiais e Civis da FA com experiência direta e indireta nesta área. A abordagem HFACS adaptada, neste estudo, à FA, revelou-se como uma resposta adequada às necessidades atuais, quer em termos de pressupostos teórico-práticos, quer no plano fundamentalmente prático, também aqui operacionalizado através do seu teste a quatro relatórios de ocorrências reais.

Caracterização dos fatores contribuintes em acidentes de pequenas aeronaves da aviação geral brasileira utilizando inteligência artificial

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental, 2016.

Compuestos cuticulares de Euschisthus heros (F.) (Heteroptera: pentatomidae) y su papel en las etapas inciales de la infección por hongos entomopatógenos.

2015

Acaros fitofagos no Nordeste do Brasil.

Este trabalho apresenta as especies de Tetranychidae (18 especies), Tenuipalpidae (2 especies), Eriophyidae (3 especies)(, Rhyncaphytoptidae (1 especie) e Tarsonemidae (1 especie) coletadas no Nordeste. Apresenta tambem chaves para a separacao dos generos de Tetranychidae, Tenuipappidae e Eriphyidae encontrados, e dados sobre distribuicao e hospedeiros.

Aspectos biologicos do acaro vermelho do tomateiro.

Alguns aspectos biologicos de Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard foram estudados em laboratorio, incluindo a duracao das formas jovens e a capacidade reprodutiva, em plantas de tomate var. Rossol. As duracoes dos estagios do ovo, larva, protoninfa e deutoninfa foram de 4,8; 2,6, 2,4 e 3,2 dias, respectivamente, correspondendo a uma duracao total de, aproximadamente treze dias de ovo a adulto, para ambos os secos. Os niveis mais altos de oviposicao foram obtidos do quarto ao decimo ia, aproximadamente. Uma media de 105,7 ovos foram postos durante todo o periodo de oviposicao. Provavelmente, a utilizacao de folhas medianas ou basais, ao inves de apicais, como substrato teria resultado em um ciclo biologico mais curto e em uma oviposicao total maior do que os obtidos neste estudo.

Etapas do desenvolvimento de uma formulação pó molhável para o Baculovirus anticarsia: secagem e caracterização da superfície do poliedro.

As primeiras etapas selecionadas para o estudo de uma formulação pó molhável foram a caracterização de superfície quanto a morfologia (MEV) e carga, e a influencia do método de secagem na dispersibilidade das partículas. O vírus foi obtido de lagartas infectadas (CNPSo) e purificado pelo método de Van der Geest. A dispersão resultante apresenta uma distribuição de tamanho entre 1.6 e 1.9 micra, permanecendo invariável quando a preparação foi armazenada ate 6 meses sob refrigeração. O ponto isoelétrico dos poliedros de NPV de B. anticarsia, determinado a partir de gráfico de mobilidade versus pH e 4,5, sendo que em pHs superiores, as partículas estão carregadas negativamente. As dispersões foram secas por liofilização, spray dryer e estufa (27 C.). O processo de secagem determina o estado de agregação, quando os poliedros são dispersos novamente em água, com tamanho ate 27 micra, difíceis de redispersar, enquanto a secagem por spray dryer resulta em um material pouco aglomerado e facilmente dispersível.

Biologia da traca do tomateiro sob condicoes de laboratorio.

Estudaram-se, no CPATSA-EMBRAPA em Petrolina, PE, sob condicoes de laboratorio, os aspectos biologicos de Scrobipalpula absoluta (Meyrick 1917) (Lepidoptera,Gelechiidae), importante praga do tomateiro, Iniciou-se a criacao com larvas coletadas no campo, em cultura de tomate, acondicionadas, em placas de Petri, sobre papel de filtro e folhas de tomateiro, variedade IPA-2. Os adultos foram mantidos em frascos de vidro revestidos com papel sulfite, tampados com tecido branco de nailon preso com elastico e alimentados, com uma solucao de sacarose a 10%, embebida em algodao. Obtiveram-se os seguintes dados: periodo de pre-ovoposicao 2,35 dias; numero de ovos por femea 55,16; viabilidade de ovos 44,46%, periodo de incubacao 4,30 dias; periodo de oviposicao 3,77 dias; periodo larval 10,95 dias com quatro instares; viabilidade larval 20,97%; periodo pupal 6,15 dias; viabilidade pupal 68,19%; longevidade de adultos machos e femeas 9,69 e 11,52 dias, respectivamente; ciclo biologico (ovo-morte do adulto) 38,12 dias.