Developing novel one-step processes for obtaining food-grade O/W emulsions from pressurized fluid extracts: processes description, state of the art and perspectives

Abstract In this work, a novel on-line process for production of food-grade emulsions containing oily extracts, i.e. oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions, in only one step is presented. This process has been called ESFE, Emulsions from Supercritical Fluid Extraction. With this process, emulsions containing supercritical fluid extracts can be obtained directly from plant materials. The aim in the conception of this process is to propose a new rapid way to obtain emulsions from supercritical fluid extracts. Nowadays the conventional emulsion formulation method is a two-step procedure, i.e. first supercritical fluid extraction for obtaining an extract; secondly emulsion formulation using another device. Other variation of the process was tested and successfully validated originating a new acronymed process: EPFE (Emulsions from Pressurized Fluid Extractions). Both processes exploit the supercritical CO2-essential oils miscibility, in addition, EPFE process exploits the emulsification properties of saponin-rich pressurized aqueous plant extracts. The feasibility of this latter process was demonstrated using Pfaffia glomerata roots as source of saponin-rich extract, water as extracting solvent and clove essential oil, directly extracted using supercritical CO2, as a model dispersed phase. In addition, examples of pressurized fluid-based coupled processes applied for adding value to food bioactive compounds developed in the past five years are reviewed.

Catalogus librorum & instrumentorum chirurgicorum b. m. viri Josephi Pippingsköld, m. d. profess. chirurg. [et] art. obstetr. ad Imp. Acad. Aboëns. nec non imp. coll. med. assessoris, sub hasta d. Oct. XXX & sqq. a. MDCCCXVI

Julkaisuvuosi nimekkeestä.

Utstillingens retorikk : et bidrag til en retorisk didaktikk for kunst og håndverk

The topic of this dissertation is the didactic exhibition in the Arts and Crafts subject. Exhibiting student work and art and form culture is part of a long professional tradition in the field. Yet, exhibition as form and as a way of learning are inadequately explored and debated. The didactic problem area of the thesis, where studies of formative practices are central, place it within the research field of Educational Slojd. The didactic standpoint and main theoretical perspective relate the project to the Arts didactics research field at the University College of Bergen where the aim is to develop an alternative didactics thinking for the arts; a rhetoric arts didactics. Didactic focus is shifted from the relationship between teacher – pupil – teaching materials, to studies of how knowledge is formulated in specific practices. The thesis has a premise that every exhibition has its own rhetoric and that didactics is inscribed in this rhetoric in the broadest and cultural sense. Through impulses from classical rhetoric and recent text theory, the thesis challenges the Arts and Crafts’s own idiom, its theoretical foundation and didactic grasp such as shown in the discourse established by the discipline and its specific exhibitive practices, as well as studying the relationship between verbal language and the discipline’s own register. The overall objective is to develop knowledge about exhibition rhetoric and its potential as a knowledge and learning arena in this field, and thereby contribute to developing a rhetoric didactics for the Arts and Crafts subject. This raises questions such as: How is an exhibition considered to be used and understood in the subject’s didactics texts and texts about didactics? How do different exhibition spaces inscribe conditions for exhibition work? How can a rhetoric perspective of didactics make aspects of an exhibition’s form register visible and contribute to knowledge of the creative processes in an exhibition? How do some selected exhibitions inscribe creativity and learning? What can a rhetoric perspective bring to the Arts and Crafts? A rhetoric didactics perspective includes knowledge of the tradition. A historical-ideological overview traces how exhibition, of both pupil/student work and of art and form culture, are used and considered as used in the discipline over time. This part can be read separately, but in this thesis, is primarily conceived as a backdrop for the development of the dissertation’s main rhetoric perspective. The empirical data are collected from my teacher training institution and consist of specific exhibition spaces and practices, of which my own production of two exhibitions can link the research to artistic development work. A rhetoric didactics is concrete, specific and contextual. The rhetoric readings are descriptive and show how culture and nature, temporality, materiality and technology are inscribed in the exhibition’s form. Didactic reflection develops from, and close to, the rhetoric readings of the exhibition’s form and content to finally arrive at a rhetorical concept for creativity and learning.

Nouvelles archives de l'art français : recueil de documents inédits / publiés par la Société de l'histoire de l'art français

1884 (SER2,T5).

Nouvelles archives de l'art français : recueil de documents inédits / publiés par la Société de l'histoire de l'art français

1904 (SER3,T20).

Nouvelles archives de l'art français : recueil de documents inédits / publiés par la Société de l'histoire de l'art français

1887 (SER3,T3).

Nouvelles archives de l'art français : recueil de documents inédits / publiés par la Société de l'histoire de l'art français

Etat de collection : 1872-1905

Nouvelles archives de l'art français : recueil de documents inédits / publiés par la Société de l'histoire de l'art français

1900 (SER3,T16).

Nouvelles archives de l'art français : recueil de documents inédits / publiés par la Société de l'histoire de l'art français

1903 (SER3,T19).

Nouvelles archives de l'art français : recueil de documents inédits / publiés par la Société de l'histoire de l'art français

1882 (SER2,T3).

Nouvelles archives de l'art français : recueil de documents inédits / publiés par la Société de l'histoire de l'art français

1897 (SER3,T13).

Nouvelles archives de l'art français : recueil de documents inédits / publiés par la Société de l'histoire de l'art français

1898 (SER3,T14).

Nouvelles archives de l'art français : recueil de documents inédits / publiés par la Société de l'histoire de l'art français

1878.

Nouvelles archives de l'art français : recueil de documents inédits / publiés par la Société de l'histoire de l'art français

1895 (SER3,T11).