Manifestações afetivas nas concepções e práticas educativas no contexto da creche: reflexões a partir da perspectiva walloniana

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Education system institutions and educational inequalities in Uruguay

This article shows how certain aspects at the secondary level of Uruguay’s public school system produce inequalities in student achievement. The 2006 edition of the Programme for International Student Assessment (pisa) (oecd, 2006a) points to three key aspects of the institutions that regulate secondary education that play a part in reproducing inequalities of origin, hindering the equalizing role that guides the education system. First, the teacher assignment mechanism has the dual effect of sending a revolving door of young and inexperienced teachers to schools in unfavourable sociocultural contexts as well as concentrating teachers with more experience in schools in favourable contexts. Second, the geography-based system for assigning students to schools reproduces the residential segregation process. Lastly, the centralized system for supplying educational and technological materials is inadequate to the needs of the schools.

Entre o "Zaca” e o "Madre”: ofensas raciais, processos identitários e discursos de mestiçagem em duas escolas de Belém

Esta dissertação consiste em uma etnografia do cotidiano escolar, orientada conceitualmente a partir dos marcadores de diferenciação cor/raça, gênero e classe social. A motivação da pesquisa que iniciou a produção deste trabalho partiu da seguinte indagação: processos ofensivos verbais são processos identitários que se constroem a partir de referencias pedagógicos e de discursos docentes em cada escola? Com base em uma trajetória de pesquisa iniciada em 2006, realizada inicialmente na Escola Alexandre Zacharias de Assumpção e posteriormente estendida ao Colégio Madre Zarife Sales, no bairro do Guamá, periferia de Belém do Pará, tento discutir o alcance destas instituições no cotidiano educacional vivido fora delas por seus discentes, ao identificar práticas dinâmicas de viver os espaços urbanos da cidade a partir do ir e voltar da escola. As duas escolas são definidas como escolas de referência no bairro, pois simbolizam, para as clientelas de estudantes por elas atendidas, a possibilidade de sucesso profissional pós-escola entre muitas famílias no bairro. Por outro lado, tento mostrar as contradições internas nas duas escolas para sugerir a ocorrência de acessos diferenciados aos serviços educacionais e ao próprio capital cultural docente conforme o turno em que se estuda. Discuto destacadamente a ocorrência de trocas de ofensas verbais raciais e não-raciais entre os estudantes conforme os marcadores de diferenciação assinalados, para tentar responder a problematização da pesquisa. Depois tento identificar as várias modalidades simbólicas do discurso de mestiçagem como um discurso abrangente que é por mim concebido como a face inversa das ofensas verbais raciais e do não-reconhecimento do racismo nelas existentes pelo corpo institucional, isto é, por docentes, funcionários e gestores.

Media Education and Brazilian Educational Policies for the Enhancement of Learning

As media education concepts and practices have been disseminated and strengthened in European countries and Americas, the policies responsible for that expansion remain little known, particularly in countries where the achievements have been recently noted. That is the case for Brazil, where there have been new opportunities for media education, considered as a valuable resource to help accomplish goals of the educational system. This paper looks into the contribution of media education to the enhancement of teaching and learning in the context of innovations brought by recent policies of the Brazilian Ministry of Education. After educational reform programmes which brought the opportunity for emerging fields such as media education, we produced teaching material and conducted a series of workshops with students and teachers from state secondary schools. By reading and producing multimedia information about local public services available to young people, pupils learned about democracy, citizenship, civic engagement, media language, and identity. Lessons from our experiment are discussed against the backdrop of education policies being implemented to ameliorate harsh conditions resulting from the recent economic crisis. We suggest that media education can help by creating a learning environment in which the students become aware of the value of educational attainments.

Education for Energy Efficiency through an Educational Game

This paper presents an assessment of an educational game for teaching the efficient use of electricity. Developed with Adobe Flash (R), it is a virtual board game where participants choose a car that starts the path and reaches the same final goal, going through a number of track steps defined in terms of a dice that each player rolls in turn. The car moves if the participant is able to correctly answer a question that is randomly generated by the software. The objective of the game is to answer questions related to energy efficiency promoting a healthy and attractive learning process for participants on concepts related to energy efficiency such as: the rational use of energy, the basic concepts of forms of energy generation, among others. The main objective of this paper is to assess the impact of the application of this virtual game in the teaching and learning process of high school students. Therefore, the game was applied in the discipline of physics in a class of junior high public school in the state of Sao Paulo. Initially, the class that had 43 students was divided into 10 groups of 4 students, and 1 group of 3 students. Each student group competed with one another. The idea was that each of them should indicate a student who was the representative of this group until only 4 group leaders were selected for the finals. At this stage, each student could interact with a group of up to ten students that acted as advisers. The adopted assessment process is based on the model proposed by Savi [7]. Then, at the end of the game, the students answered a prepared questionnaire based on the model proposed by Savi. According to Savi, although there are significant studies that show the importance of educational games for the process of cognitive development and learning concepts of students, there are few papers that present forms of assessing the potential of these resources. Thus, the assessment criteria proposed by Savi are based on the model of training evaluation by Kirkpatrick [3], taken as a reference to measure the efficiency of processes of continuing education courses for professionals. The authors assert that the metric of the evaluation proposed to assess the game is based on the first level of the model proposed by Kirkpatrick.