Parámetros fenotípicos y genéticos de caracteres de la mazorca asociados al rendimiento del cultivo de maíz (Zea mays L.) cv NB-6, en postrera, Managua 2014

Con el propósito de evaluar la influencia del número de hileras en la mazorca de progenitores maternos (10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20) sobre variables asociadas al rendimiento, estimar grados de asociación fenotípica entre rasgos y su variabilidad genética, se estableció un experimento de campo en bloques completos al azar (BCA) con cuatro réplicas, en la Finca Santa Rosa propiedad de la UNA, en época de postrera del 2014. Las variables analizadas fueron: Longitud de la mazorca (LM), diámetro de la mazorca (DM) , número de granos por hilera (NGH), peso de 100 granos (P100G), numero de hileras por mazorca ( NHM),peso de la mazorca (PM),peso en grano por mazorca (PGM), mediante los procedimientos de SAS, con estadísticos descriptivos, correlaciones de Pearson y análisis de varianza con regresión de los caracteres maternos sobre los de progenie. Los tratamientos que presentaron promedios más altos para LMp, DMp, NHMp, PMp, PGMp fueron los de 14 y 18 hileras. El tratamiento con 16 hileras mostró la más alta variación fenotípica (CV). Las correlaciones fenotípicas de progenies más destacadas fueron: PMp con PGMp y DMp; PMp con NGHp; DMp con PGMp; PMp con NGHp; NGHp con PGMp; y LMp con PMp, todas ellas positivas y altamente significativas. Las correlaciones fenotípicas entre variables de la progenie con progenitor materno más notorias fueron LM, con NHM y P100G. Del análisis de varianza, el factor NHMm fue altamente significativo para LMp y NHMp y en menor grado para DMp y P100Gp. Se estimaron niveles de variabilidad genética importante en rasgos como LMp, NHMp y NGHp, con valores de heredabilidad entre 0.36 y 0.46, los cuales son muy promisorios para programas de mejoramiento genético participativo.

Avaliação da produção e da qualidade do capim Panicum maximum cv. Massai

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, 2016.

EFFECT OF BAP, NAA AND GA3, EITHER ALONE OR IN COMBINATION, ON MERISTEM CULTURE AND PLANTLET ESTABLISHMENT IN SWEET POTATO (CV BRONDAL)

In Zimbabwe, the average sweet potato yield (6 t/ha) is relatively low when compared to Asian counterparts (17 t/ha). These low crop yields have been blamed on weevil infestations and viral infections which account for 60-90% of sweet potato yield losses in Africa. Meristem tip culture, a Centre for Potato Improvement (CIP) initiated tissue culture technique, has been widely used to eradicate viruses from clonally propagated crops and has been noted to be one of the instrumental techniques that helped China to increase sweet potato yields. In an effort to adopt the meristem tip culture technique for the production of virus-free planting material of a local sweet potato (cv Brondal), a study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Benzylamino purine (BAP), 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and Gibberellic acid (GA3) (either alone or in combination) on cultured Brondal meristems. The different hormonal treatments were assessed on the following parameters: plantlet regenerative capacity, multiple plantlet production, shoot height, average leaf number per shoot and average node number per shoot, ten weeks after meristem culture. All treatments containing a combination of BAP (1 mg-L) and GA3 (at either 5 mg-L, 10 mg-L, or 20 mg-L) had a significantly (p<0.01) higher plantlet regenerative capacity of 33-66% when compared to other treatment combinations. Only treatments, 10 mg-L GA3 + 1 mg-L BAP and 20 mg-L GA3 + 1 mg-L BAP were capable of inducing multiple plantlet formation, producing an average of three plantlets/meristem and two plantlets/meristem respectively. Overall, treatment 10 mg-L GA3 + 1 mg-L BAP gave rise to significantly (p<0.01) taller shoots (20 mm) compared to the rest of the treatments used. For average leaf number per shoot, all GA3 treatments (5 mg-L, 10 mg-L, or 20 mg-L) supplemented with 1 mg-L BAP gave significantly (p<0.01) higher numbers of leaves (six leaves/shoot) than the rest of the treatments. Treatments 10 mg-L GA3 + 1 mg-L BAP and 20 mg-L GA3 + 1 mg-L BAP gave rise to the highest number of nodes per shoot, producing an average of three nodes per shoot. In sharp contrast to treatments containing a combination of BAP and GA3, all treatments containing a combination of BAP and NAA performed poorly in all parameters tested for plant regeneration of Brondal sweet potato variety. In conclusion, the best hormonal treatment for culturing Brondal meristems proved to be 10 mg-L GA3 + 1 mg-L BAP.

Efeito do glifosate sobre a nodulação da soja cv. BRS-Valiosa RR.

A soja resistente ao glifosate (RR) é uma tecnologia que vem acrescentar mais uma ferramenta ao manejo de plantas daninhas para essa cultura, que possui a maior área plantada no país. Estudos buscando informações para o uso correto da soja transgênica na região de Campinas/SP são importantes devido ao uso cada vez mais freqüente desta prática agrícola em todo o Estado e no Brasil. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar esta tecnologia na nodulação da soja cv. Valiosa RR em condições de casa de vegetação. Os tratamentos utilizados foram aplicações isoladas de Roundup Ready a 1,5, 2,0 e 3,0 L.ha-1; aplicações seqüenciais de Roundup Ready a 1,5/1,5; 2,0/1,5 e 2,0/1,5/1,5 L.ha-1, além de uma testemunha absoluta. O número e as biomassas fresca e seca dos nódulos foram determinados nos estádios R3 e R5. Apesar de terem sido observadas reduções em alguns dos parâmetros avaliados, estas foram não significativas.

Evaluación de diferentes dosis de thiamethoxan en el establecimiento de praderas de panicum maximun cv mombasa

Tesis (Zootecnista). -- Universidad de La Salle. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias. Programa de Zootecnia, 2014

Seletividade de herbicidas pré-emergentes em campos de produção de sementes de Paspalum regnellii CV. BRS Guará.

2015

Dinámica de crecimiento de una pradera brachiaria brizantha cv toledo en función de las variables dasometricas

Tesis (Zootecnista). -- Universidad de La Salle. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias. Programa de Zootecnia, 2015

Influência dos processos de cura e conservação nas características da batata (Solanum tuberosum L.) cv.Monalisa para cozer

Mestrado em Engenharia Agronómica - Especialização em Horto-fruticultura e Viticultura - Instituto Superior de Agronomia - UL

Effect of post-harvest ozone treatments on the skin phenolic composition and extractability of red winegrapes cv Nebbiolo and Berbera

Mestrado Vinifera Euromaster - Instituto Superior de Agronomia - UL

Effects of different intensity of early leaf removal on vegetative and productive activity and grape quality (cv. Nero d'Avola, Vitis vinifera)

Mestrado Vinifera Euromaster - Instituto Superior de Agronomia - UL

Estimation of leaf area in grapevine cv. Syrah using empirical models

Aiming to obtain empirical models for the estimation of Syrah leaf area a set of 210 fruiting shoots was randomly collected during the 2013 growing season in an adult experimental vineyard, located in Lisbon, Portugal. Samples of 30 fruiting shoots were taken periodically from the stage of inflorescences visible to veraison (7 sampling dates). At the lab, from each shoot, primary and lateral leaves were separated and numbered according to node insertion. For each leaf, the length of the central and lateral veins was recorded and then the leaf area was measured by a leaf area meter. For single leaf area estimation the best statistical models uses as explanatory variable the sum of the lengths of the two lateral leaf veins. For the estimation of leaf area per shoot it was followed the approach of Lopes & Pinto (2005), based on 3 explanatory variables: number of primary leaves and area of the largest and smallest leaves. The best statistical model for estimation of primary leaf area per shoot uses a calculated variable obtained from the average of the largest and smallest primary leaf area multiplied by the number of primary leaves. For lateral leaf area estimation another model using the same type of calculated variable is also presented. All models explain a very high proportion of variability in leaf area. Our results confirm the already reported strong importance of the three measured variables (number of leaves and area of the largest and smallest leaf) as predictors of the shoot leaf area. The proposed models can be used to accurately predict Syrah primary and secondary leaf area per shoot in any phase of the growing cycle. They are inexpensive, practical, non-destructive methods which do not require specialized staff or expensive equipment.

Dinámica de crecimiento y criterios de pastoreo para optimizar el uso de praderas Brachiaria brizantha cv toledo

Bogotá (Colombia): Universidad de La Salle. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias. Maestría en Ciencia Animal

Enxertia de goiabeira cv. Paluma sobre jabuticabeira.

O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a compatibilidade de enxertia de goiabeira (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Paluma sobre a jabuticabeira (Myrcia cauliflora Berg), considerando-se o fato de a jabuticabeira ser resistente ao nematoide e pertencer à família das mirtáceas.

Polinização por Apis mellifera em soja em soja transgênica [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] Merrill] Roundup ReadyTM cv. BRS 245 RR e convencional cv. BRS 133.

RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a influência de Apis mellifera na produção de grãos e qualidade de sementes da soja transgênica Glycine max (L.) Merrill Roundup ReadyTM e convencional. A soja transgênica foi plantada intercalada com a convencional, em 18 parcelas, em três tratamentos: gaiolas com abelhas A. mellifera, gaiolas sem abelhas e áreas descobertas, com livre visitação de insetos. Na soja transgênica, em três parcelas de cada tratamento, foi aplicado glifosato, 30 dias após a emergência. Os parâmetros analisados foram: produção de grãos; número de vagens por planta; peso de 100 sementes e porcentagem de germinação das sementes. Não houve diferença entre as cultivares, entretanto a produção de 2.757,40 kg ha-1 obtida na área coberta por gaiola com abelhas, e 2.828,47 kg ha-1 na área livre para visitação de insetos foram superiores a 2.000,53 kg ha-1 da área coberta por gaiola sem abelhas. O número de vagens por planta foi maior na área coberta por gaiola com abelhas (38,28) e área livre (32,65), quando comparado com o da área coberta por gaiola sem abelhas (21,19). O peso médio de 100 sementes e a germinação das sementes não foram diferentes entre as cultivares e nem entre os tratamentos. Conclui-se que, para as cultivares estudadas, houve benefício na produção de grãos de 37,84%, quando foi permitida a visita de abelhas. ABSTRACT. Pollination by Apis mellifera in transgenic soy (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Roundup Ready? cv. BRS 245 RR and conventional cv. BRS 133. This research was carried out to evaluate the influence of Africanized honeybees in grain production and seed quality of Glycine max (L.) Merrill Roundup Ready? transgenic soy, as well as of conventional soy. Transgenic soy was interposed with conventional soybean, in 18 plots and three treatments: covered area with Africanized honeybees, covered area without honeybees, and uncovered area with free insect visitation. The herbicide Glyphosate was applied on three plots of each treatment of transgenic soy, 30 days after emergence. Grain production, number of pods/plant, weight per 100 seeds, and seed germination percentage were evaluated. There was no difference among cultivars; however, the production in the covered area with honeybees (2757.4 kg ha-1) and in the uncovered area (2828.47 kg ha-1) were higher than in the covered area without honeybees (2000.53 kg ha-1). The number of pods/plant was greater than in the covered area with honeybees (38.28) and in the uncovered area (32.65) as compared to the covered area without honeybees (21.19). The weight per 100 seeds seed germination did not differ among cultivars or treatments. It can be concluded that, for these cultivars, there was a rise in grain production of 37.84% when honeybee visits were allowed.