INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND UNIVERSALITY OF READING: CONFLICT OF INTEREST?

It seeks to clarify the issue about the relationship between intellectual property and universality of reading, to understand if it exists or not a conflict of interest. From a synchronic axis crossing, historical, with a diachronic axis, of philosophical: is tracked to explain the deep forces that have shaped the problem arises here. It also explains the legal issue of copyright and property which is closely related to the issue treated here. From all this it follows that underlie the problem of intellectual property is the construction of the Western historical figure of subjectivity, which has led to the role of "author." The author who is credited with authorship of a speech only (work) is a product of social discourse situation that historically has been obscured what has contributed the legal apparatus that protects copyright. What has led to the establishment of an antagonism to the universality of reading. In this paper therefore has not sought to respond to the problem but to make it clear to potential solutions.

Durability of Ag-TiO(2) Photocatalysts Assessed for the Degradation of Dichloroacetic Acid

The stability of Ag-TiO(2) photocatalysts was examined for the photocatalytic degradation of dichloroacetic acid (DCA) as a function of the recycling times. The photocatalytic activity was investigated by measuring the rate of H(+) ions released during the photodegradation of DCA and confirmed by measuring the total organic carbon removal. The photodegradation reactions were studied at pH 3 and pH 10 for a series of Ag-TiO(2) photocatalysts as different with Ag loadings. All the Ag-TiO(2) and bare TiO(2) photocatalysts showed a decrease in photocatalytic activity on recycling for the DCA photodegradation reaction. The decrease in activity can be attributed to poisoning of active sites by Cl(-) anions formed during the photocatalytic DCA degradation. The photocatalytic activity was, however, easily recovered by a simple washing technique. The reversibility of the poisoning is taken as evidence to support the idea that the recycling of Ag-P25 TiO(2) photocatalysts does not have a permanent negative effect on their photocatalytic performance for the degradation of DCA. The choice of the preparation procedure for the Ag-TiO2 photocatalysts is shown to be of significant importance for the observed changes in the photocatalytic activity of the Ag-TiO2 particles. Copyright (C) 2008 Victor M. Menendez-Flores et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyrights in Costa Rica

The copyright has been the subject of discussion in national and international forums, which involve lots of interests, both personal and economic. Costa Rica has been the exception.Its importance and the protection that the country's legal system provides, is such that many of the benefits received as a nation (exemptions, preferential tariffs, export quotas) have been subject to the protection that the Costa Rican government granted this fees.

LA PROTECCIÓN DE LOS DERECHOS DE AUTOR EN LAS INSTITUCIONES PÚBLICAS: EL CASO DEL TRIBUNAL SUPREMO DE ELECCIONES

Las instituciones públicas tienen el derecho de disfrutar de latitularidad de las obras literarias que producen, según estácontemplado en la legislación nacional. A pesar de que lalegislación es clara, las instituciones del Estado no siempre registran sus obras en el Registro Nacional de Derechos de Autor y Derechos Conexos. Se estudia en particular el caso del Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones para determinar cuáles obras tiene inscritas, cuáles faltan por registrar y por qué.

Immigration experience of Latin American working women in Alicante, Spain: an ethnographic study

Objective: to describe the experience of Latin American working women regarding immigration, taking into account the expectations and conditions in which this process takes place. Method: ethnographic qualitative study. Data collection was performed by means of semi-structured interviews with 24 Latin American immigrant women in Spain. The information collected was triangulated through two focal groups. Results: the expectations of migrant women focus on improving family living conditions. Social support is essential for their settling and to perform daily life activities. They declare they have adapted to the settlement country, although they live with stress. They perceive they have greater sexual freedom and power with their partners but keep greater responsibility in childcare, combining that with the role of working woman. Conclusions: migrant women play a key role in the survival of households, they build and create new meanings about being a woman, their understanding of life, their social and couple relationships. Such importance is shaped by their expectations and the conditions in which the migration process takes place, as well as their work integration.

Brasil no século XXI : a inserção passiva na internacionalização econômica

O artigo aborda um aspecto da economia brasileira no século XXI: a inserção internacional das corporações nacionais. Em função da adesão ao neoliberalismo nos anos 90, o Brasil optou por gradativamente especializar-se na agroexportação. Com isso, o segmento industrial do Brasil cada vez mais se encolhe, o que dificulta em termos quantitativos a presença nos mercados internacionais. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT

An Integrative Case Study of Positive Youth Development in a Recreational Community Sport Program

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