909 resultados para Calling Cards
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OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the addition of discharge standard illustrated cards improves understanding of patients in the emergency room. METHODS: We conducted a prospective, randomized, interventional study with 228 patients discharged from the emergency department. All patients were interviewed and tested for the level of understanding of discharge instructions. Some of them received the intervention, with the standard cards, and another did not, constituting the control group. RESULTS: The average of followed discharge guidelines of the group that received the cards was higher than the control group, with statistical significance (p=0.009). When segregated by age, the group between 16 and 35 years of both sexes had the best average of followed guidelines, statistically, than the average of the control group (p=0.01). The difference between the mean orientations between the control group and the card for patients undergoing procedures was statistically significant (p=0.02); as for the stratification according to the number of procedures, the significance increases when that is equal to 1 (p=0.001) and decreased the more procedures were carried out. CONCLUSION: The introduction of discharge standard orientation cards was associated with improvement in the understanding of patients. Without replacing the verbal directions, which establishes dialogue and doctor-patient bonding, cards appear as auxiliary elements, facilitating understanding and care guidelines.
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Na segunda metade do século passado iniciava-se um movimento revolucionário no cenário mundial da saúde mental: a Reforma Psiquiátrica. No mesmo momento nascia a proposta das Comunidades Terapêuticas, que mais tarde se tornaria um modelo consagrado de atendimento para a dependência do álcool e outras drogas. Por outro lado, com o alarmante crescimento deste problema no Brasil, assim como pela ausência de políticas públicas que dessem conta do problema, houve uma indiscriminada proliferação de locais de internação para dependentes químicos que, mesmo se autodenominando como Comunidades Terapêuticas, em nada se assemelham ao modelo inicial proposto. Estes locais apresentam práticas desumanas e iatrogênicas, muito semelhantes às criticadas pelo movimento da Reforma Psiquiátrica, o que tem provocado o descrédito para com o modelo das Comunidades Terapêuticas. Este artigo tem como objetivo demonstrar, através de pesquisa bibliográfica, como as bases conceituais e metodológicas da Reforma Psiquiátrica se assemelham profundamente as do movimento das Comunidades Terapêuticas, tendo surgido na mesma época e pelo mesmo motivo, e como a falta de regulamentação dos locais de internação para dependentes químicos no Brasil tem contribuído com o atual descrédito deste modelo.
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A anurofauna do estado de São Paulo, nas últimas oito décadas, tem sido foco do estudo de importantes grupos de pesquisa em anfíbios anuros. Porém, pesquisas realizadas com comunidades na área da Depressão Periférica do centro-oeste paulista ainda são escassas. A fim de trazer novas informações sobre essa região, nosso objetivo foi inventariar a anurofauna de uma área na Depressão Periférica, associando os resultados com dados da literatura e confrontando os mesmos com aqueles conhecidos para a anurofauna no altiplano da Cuesta de Botucatu. O inventário foi realizado a partir dos dados obtidos em 24 dias de amostragem, decorridos 13 meses de coleta (dezembro de 2008 a dezembro de 2009). Os anuros foram amostrados em potenciais sítios reprodutivos, pelos métodos de encontro visual e busca auditiva. Foram registradas 29 espécies distribuídas em 12 gêneros e seis famílias. Apesar da maioria das espécies serem predominantemente de áreas abertas, consideramos a riqueza elevada, e associamos essa riqueza à existência dos remanescentes de mata nos interflúvios. Entretanto, apesar da presença desses remanescentes, a ocorrência de espécies associadas exclusivamente a essas áreas foi pequena, se comparada aos fragmentos no altiplano, fato que aparentemente está associado às diferenças existentes entre os fragmentos contidos nos interflúvios e os fragmentos do altiplano. A atividade dos anfíbios foi concentrada no período quente e úmido, diminuindo à medida que se aproxima o ápice da estação fria e seca. Com base na análise de similaridade, observou-se a formação de agrupamentos com alta sobreposição. Entre esses agrupamentos, destacaram-se aqueles formados por espécies com atividade de vocalização prolongada, mas que diferiram quanto ao período de maior atividade (início e final da estação chuvosa) bem como, aqueles constituídos por espécies com período de vocalização mais curto, restrito a poucos dias, e que também diferiram no mês de pico de atividade (início e final da estação chuvosa). Com isso acreditamos que as diferenças quanto à distribuição temporal dos organismos da comunidade sejam importantes na partilha de recursos e no ajuste das espécies, fato que contribuiu para o elevado número de anfíbios observados e na coexistência dos táxons na área de estudo.
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Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FFC
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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This research was developed during four years, in different regions of the country. Its purpose was to better understand the possible influences that handicapped siblings have on the development of non- handicapped siblings. Participated in the study 80 siblings, with ages ranging between 14 and 26 years. There were 20 siblings of physical handicapped (PH), 20 siblings of auditory handicapped (AH), 20 of mental handicapped (MH), and 20 of non handicapped, in number and ages equivalent.The participants answered a questionnaire containing “characteristics of handicapped person”, “characteristics of respondent sibling”, “characteristics of family”, a questionnaire with eleven closed questions and one open, but for the control group there was on less question. The phenomena studied in this research in some situations present themselves differently for each group of respondent sibling (ex: greater concern of the parents with the MH sibling, calling attention more for siblings of PH and MH, more responsibility in the family, taking care of the handicapped sibling, fear of having handicapped children, and the perception of (in) dependency of the handicapped sibling) and in others present themselves in similar manner (ex: more concern of the parents with the brother with PH, nature of the relationship, to feel or not ashamed of the sibling, talking about the sibling development). In conclusion, some phenomena, so far socially perceived as causing differences in sibling relations and attributed to de presence of a handicap are not, since between siblings of non handicapped these same phenomena present themselves in a similar way. Differently from the control group, siblings of handicapped need correct information, as well as therapeutic support to elaborate feelings of fear, anger, shame that they may have due to their condition. It is important to stress, also, the need that these siblings have to be themselves without the stigma of sibling of handicapped.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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The black-tufted-marmoset (Callithrix penicillata), abundant in the southeastern state of São Paulo, is an exotic and invasive species . The present study aimed to study the behavior and make monitoring a population black-tufted-marmoset in man-made environment. The observations were made following the method of scan sampling, which consists of continuous observations with a duration of three minutes with a fifteen-minute intervals between one record and another. The individuals are monitored at two locations on campus, where two groups were identified (with a mean of 3.50 ± 2.06 individuals) totaling 291 hours and 30 minutes of observation. Were determined tree layers used, and observed that the group of EC preferably utilizes the highest stratum, while the group of LCF uses the middle and lower strata. Types of vocalization, such as calling, interaction and alert and frequency and percentage of these were also observed. The food items consumed by the groups that are similar in the two study sites, mostly sap and leaves were diagnosed. From observations of behavioral patterns was possible to construct an ethogram of the species ' Luiz de Queiroz ' campus, comprising the behaviors of vocalization, locomotion, foraging, game, among others. The results may be useful for development of management techniques and for subsequent studies
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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The youth has been calling attention due to the large number of social problems resulting from the risky behaviors. One of the behaviors that stand out is the use of alcohol because, besides being the first drug to be used by children and adolescents, this population begins to use increasingly early. Another behavior that is becoming concern in that particular group, also with early start, is the unprotected sex, causing problems as the unplanned pregnancy, abortions and sexually transmitted diseases. However, one factor is becoming relevant and requiring further study, the number of young women developing sexually transmitted diseases and becoming risk drinkers. In this direction, this study has as objective to discuss the high number of alcohol use among young women, the vulnerability that this use causes for the unprotected sex and the importance of these subjects teachers training. It should be noted, finally, the lack of training of teachers to work with the thematic ones, and mainly, the need to deconstruct gender stereotypes, an obstacle in preventing the use of alcohol, other drugs and sexually transmitted diseases.
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A growing number of applications are calling for compact laser sources operating in the mid-infrared spectral region. A review of our recent work on monolithic fiber lasers (FL) based either on the use of rare-earth fluoride fibers or on Raman gain in both fluoride and chalcogenide glass fibers is presented. Accordingly, an erbium-doped double clad fluoride glass all-FL operating in the vicinity of 3 μm is shown. In addition, we present recent results on the first demonstrations of both fluoride and chalcogenide Raman fiber lasers operating at 2.23 and 3.34 μm, respectively. It is shown that based on this approach, monolithic FLs could be developed to cover the whole 2 to 4 μm spectral band.