Synthesis of 3,5-Disubstituted Isoxazoles and Isoxazolines in Deep Eutectic Solvents

The synthesis of different 3,5-disubstituted isoxazoles and related isoxazolines using choline chloride:urea as deep eutectic solvent (DES) in a one-pot three step reaction has been accomplished successfully. The use of highly nucleophilic functionalized DES did not affect the process where highly electrophilic reagents or intermediates are involved. The presence of DES showed to be essential since the reaction in absence of this media did not proceed. The DES media could be reused up to five times without a detrimental effect on the yield of the reaction. To exemplify the synthetic potential of this methodology, the reaction was scaled up to the gram scale without any noticeable problem. Finally, different isoxazoles were easily transformed into β-aminoenones.

Desarrollo de software interactivo de entrenamiento de la habilidad perceptual cerramiento visual para niños entre 3-5 años

Tesis (Optómetra). -- Universidad de La Salle, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud. Programa de Optometría, 2014

Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of some 2- Piperidinomethylamino-4-(7-H/substituted coumarin-3-yl)- 6-chlorosubstitutedphenyl pyrimidines

Purpose: To prepare and evaluate some 2-piperidinomethylamino-4-(7-H/substitutedcoumarin-3-yl)-6- chlorosubstitutedphenyl pyrimidines as antimicrobial agents. Methods: Some 2-piperidinomethylamino-4-(7-H/substitutedcoumarin-3-yl)-6-chlorosubstitutedphenyl pyrimidines were prepared by reacting 2-amino-4-(7-H/substitutedcoumarin-3-yl)-6- (chlorosubstitutedphenyl) pyrimidines with piperidine and formaldehyde. The chemical structures of the synthesized compounds were elucidated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. These compounds were investigated for their antimicrobial activity against ten bacteria and five fungi by serial plate dilution method using standard drugs, namely, ofloxacin and ketoconazole, respectively, and their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were also determined. Results: A total of eighteen new compounds (1a-18a) were synthesized. Compound 6a (MIC = 50 μg/mL; p < 0.05 or less) displayed the highest activity against S. aureus , E. faecalis , Staphylococcus epidermidis , B. subtilis , and B. cereus . Compound 6a further showed good activity (MIC = 25 μg/mL; p < 0.05 or less) against E. coli ; P. aeruginosa K. pneumonia , B. bronchiseptica , and P. vulgaris . Compounds 6a (MIC = 25 μg/mL; p < 0.0001) and 17a (MIC = 25 μg/mL; p < 0.0001) displayed very good activity against C. albicans , A. niger , A. flavus , M. purpureous , and P. citrinum , respectively. Analysis of structure-activity relationship revealed that the presence of bromo group at 7-postion of the coumarin moiety along with the 4-chlorophenyl group at position-6 of the pyrimidine ring is critical for antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram negative bacteria and fungi. Conclusion: The synthesized 2-piperidino derivatives are better antifungal and antibacterial agents than the earlier reported 2-morpholino derivatives, but require further investigations against other microbial strains to ascertain their broad spectrum antimicrobial activity.

Síntese e caracterização do líquido iônico tetrafluoroborato de 1-metil-3-(2,6-(S)-dimetiloct-2-eno)-imidazol como eletrólito para produção de hidrogênio via eletrólise da água

Ionic liquids (ILs) are organic compounds liquid at room temperature, good electrical conductors, with the potential to form as a means for electrolyte on electrolysis of water, in which the electrodes would not be subjected to such extreme conditions demanding chemistry [1]. This paper describes the synthesis, characterization and study of the feasibility of ionic liquid ionic liquid 1-methyl-3(2,6-(S)-dimethyloct-2-ene)-imidazole tetrafluoroborate (MDI-BF4) as electrolyte to produce hydrogen through electrolysis of water. The MDI-BF4 synthesized was characterized by thermal methods of analysis (Thermogravimetric Analysis - TG and Differential Scanning Calorimetry - DSC), mid-infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform by method of attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of hydrogen (NMR 1H) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Where thermal methods were used to calculate the yield of the synthesis of MDI-BF4 which was 88.84%, characterized infrared spectroscopy functional groups of the compound and the binding B-F 1053 cm-1; the NMR 1H analyzed and compared with literature data defines the structure of MDI-BF4 and the current density achieved by MDI-BF4 in the voltammogram shows that the LI can conduct electrical current indicating that the MDI-BF4 is a good electrolyte, and that their behavior does not change with the increasing concentration of water

IDPH Preparedness, EMS, and Trauma Update, June 17, 2016, Vol. 3, no. 6

Emergency preparedness, trauma and EMS update from The Iowa Department of Public Health.

Ban yue 半月 (The Half Moon Journal) Vol 3 No 6 (08 Dec, 1923)

A bimonthly literary magazine edited by Zhou Shoujuan 周瘦鵑, featuring fiction, topical articles, and entertainment features, published from September 1921 through November 1925.

Ban yue 半月 (The Half Moon Journal) Vol 3 No 6 (08 Dec, 1923)

A bimonthly literary magazine edited by Zhou Shoujuan 周瘦鵑, featuring fiction, topical articles, and entertainment features, published from September 1921 through November 1925.

Jazz Innovations, Part 2 Triangle Connection Arctic Purple R-3-5-ROLLE December 8, 2016

Concert Program

Intervenir auprès des parents : effets sur la pratique d'activités physiques et les habiletés motrices d'enfants âgés de 3 à 5 ans

Un enfant qui développe ses habiletés motrices par le biais d'une pratique d'activités physiques régulière améliore sa santé en général, mais aussi ses chances de maintenir de saines habitudes de vie à l’âge adulte. L’acquisition des habiletés motrices par l’enfant contribue non seulement à son développement physique et moteur, mais aussi cognitif, affectif et social. L’environnement dans lequel l’enfant évolue est un facteur d’une grande influence face à sa pratique de l’activité physique et au développement de ses habiletés motrices. À cet égard, l’environnement familial et le modèle parental sont des vecteurs motivationnels majeurs face à l’attitude que l’enfant adoptera quant à sa pratique d’activités physiques au quotidien. À ce jour, peu d’études ont évalué les effets d’interventions menées auprès des parents visant à favoriser la pratique d’activités physiques et le développement des habiletés motrices. Le but du présent projet de recherche consistait à évaluer les effets d’une intervention menée auprès des parents visant à augmenter la pratique d’activités physiques et le degré d’habiletés motrices chez des enfants âgés de 3 à 5 ans fréquentant un milieu de garde. Nous voulions aussi déterminer si la perception des parents avait changé face à l’importance de l’activité physique et du développement des habiletés motrices chez leur enfant. À cette fin, nous avons procédé à une étude quasi expérimentale en étudiant le comportement de 37 enfants provenant de trois milieux de garde de la région de Coaticook en Estrie. Les données ont été recueillies par le biais d’un calendrier d’activité physique et d’un questionnaire pré et post intervention. Les résultats de ce projet de recherche montrent que les enfants d’âge préscolaire Coaticokois font en moyenne 28 minutes d’activités physiques par jour lorsqu’ils se retrouvent à la maison auprès de leurs parents. De plus, seulement 31 % des activités physiques et motrices effectuées par les enfants ont été vécues en présence de leurs parents. Les résultats de ce projet de recherche indiquent également un effet temps et un effet groupe non significatifs avec des enfants n’ayant pas démontré des signes de progression face au développement de leurs habiletés motrices. Par contre, les enfants du groupe intervention ayant reçu un calendrier avec des suggestions d’activités physiques et motrices ont expérimenté plus d’activités de manipulation d’objets que les enfants du groupe contrôle n’ayant pas eu cette opportunité. Les parents du groupe intervention ont notamment mentionné avoir été influencés par la présence d’un calendrier avec des activités physiques et motrices suggérées, ce qui reflète bien les résultats précédemment indiqués. En comparant nos résultats avec les recommandations de 120 minutes par jour d’activités physiques du National Association for Sport and Physical Education, NASPE (2009) et celles de la Société Canadienne de Physiologie de l’Exercice, SCPE (2012) qui suggère 180 minutes d’activités physiques par jour, et ce, peu importe l’intensité déployée par l’enfant, on peut conclure que les enfants de ce projet de recherche n’atteignent pas ces recommandations. Nous demeurons convaincus du bien-fondé d’une intervention menée auprès des parents afin d’améliorer la pratique d’activités physiques des enfants d’âge préscolaire, notamment si une collaboration plus étroite est effectuée avec ces derniers. Cependant, de nombreuses autres études sur le sujet seront nécessaires pour constater quel type d’intervention est le plus efficace afin de favoriser la pratique d’activités physiques et d’améliorer le degré d’habiletés motrices chez des enfants âgés de 3 à 5 ans.

Caracterización de la función cognitiva de niños con síndrome de down de 5 a 12 años en la ciudad de Bogotá

Los niños que padecen trisomía 21 poseen una serie de características físicas, neurológicas y neuropsicológicas específicas, las cuales han sido investigadas a profundidad en diferentes países, de lo cual se han desarrollado protocolos de evaluación para estos niños acorde a su nacionalidad (García, 2010). A pesar de que Colombia es uno de los países en los cuales el síndrome de Down se presenta con mayor frecuencia, hasta la fecha, no se encuentran estudios que enfaticen en las habilidades neuropsicológicas de esta población específica, por lo cual no se han desarrollado protocolos de evaluación adecuados para los niños con síndrome este síndrome. Esta investigación se llevó acabo con una población de 88 niños a los cuales se les aplicó el inventario de desarrollo BATTELLE, y se identificó que los niños con síndrome Down de 5 a 12 años obtienen un puntaje que se encuentra en 4 desviaciones estándar por debajo de la media típica. Lo anterior demuestra una característica específica de esta población en cuanto a patrones de desarrollo en las cuales, se evidencia dificultad más importante en las área cognición y de la comunicación expresiva. Con respecto a los intervalos de edad se identificó que a lo largo de estos el desempeño en las áreas evaluadas decrece. esto puede estar relacionado con la mayor complejidad de los hitos del desarrollo para una edad esperada. Debido a que los hitos del desarrollo esperados varían a lo largo de los periodos del ciclo vital del ser humano, estos tienden a aumentar su complejidad en etapas del desarrollo más avanzados; como estos niños poseen una serie de dificultades en las funciones ejecutivas y cognición, no lograrán alcanzar dichos hitos del desarrollo.

Qualificação da Atenção à Saúde dos Escolares de 3 a 6 anos da Escola Municipal de Ensino Infantil Djanira Bezerra dos Reis, no Município de Rio Branco – Acre

A Saúde na Escola destaca como uma estratégia de integração da saúde e educação para o desenvolvimento da cidadania e da qualificação das políticas públicas brasileiras. Assim, o presente trabalho relata a realização de uma intervenção para melhoria da atenção à saúde de escolares de 3 a 6 anos de idade, estudantes da Escola Municipal de Ensino Infantil Djanira Bezerra dos Reis, de abrangência da Unidade Básica de Saúde Maria de Jesus de Andrade, no município de Rio Branco, Acre, no período de agosto a novembro de 2014. O Programa Saúde na Escola tem como objetivo contribuir para a formação integral dos estudantes por meio de ações de promoção, prevenção e atenção à saúde, com vistas ao enfrentamento das vulnerabilidades que comprometem o pleno desenvolvimento de crianças e jovens da rede pública de ensino. Foram realizadas ações dentro de quatro eixos: organização e gestão do serviço: organizado um banco de dados com as informações dos escolares, a definição de papéis a serem desempenhadas nas ações na escola, a aquisição e manutenção de material adequado para aferição da pressão arterial entre outros; qualificação da prática clínica: teve início com a capacitação da equipe do serviço de saúde para orientar a comunidade e as famílias sobre a importância da UBS realizar promoção da saúde nas escolas; engajamento público: esclarecer para a comunidade a importância do trabalho da UBS dentro das escolas da área de abrangência, identificando junto à comunidade as suas necessidades com relação às crianças que podem ser trabalhadas; e monitoramento e avaliação: periodicamente monitoramos o número de crianças da escola que tiveram avaliação da acuidade visual e avaliação da audição, os registros das vacinas através da verificação da situação vacinal assim como, o número de crianças que tiveram aferição das medidas antropométricas e avaliação do consumo alimentar, da mesma maneira com os registros das ações e as orientações sobre nutrição, prevenção de acidentes, prática de atividade física, reconhecimento e prevenção de bullying, em relação à violência entre crianças, sobre os cuidados com o ambiente para promoção da saúde e sobre higiene bucal para as crianças. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados utilizados foram uma planilha de coleta de dados, e a filha espelho fornecido pela UFPel. Ao final da intervenção conseguimos obter 93% de cobertura, equivalendo a 212 alunos cadastrados no PSE, bem como 81,1% de escolares com avaliação clínica e psicossocial e 93% da população alvo recebeu orientações nutricionais, dentre diversos outros resultados. Os alunos que apresentaram alterações foram encaminhados para a unidade de saúde, quando percebido alguma alteração. Portanto foi notável a melhora na saúde dos escolares, bem como a interação entre saúde e escola, o que futuramente será refletido na saúde da população acreana.

Assessment Of Robustness On Analysis Using Headspace Solid-phase Microextraction And Comprehensive Two-dimensional Gas Chromatography Through Experimental Designs.

Plackett-Burman experimental design was applied for the robustness assessment of GC×GC-qMS (Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography with Fast Quadrupolar Mass Spectrometric Detection) in quantitative and qualitative analysis of volatiles compounds from chocolate samples isolated by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME). The influence of small changes around the nominal level of six factors deemed as important on peak areas (carrier gas flow rate, modulation period, temperature of ionic source, MS photomultiplier power, injector temperature and interface temperature) and of four factors considered as potentially influential on spectral quality (minimum and maximum limits of the scanned mass ranges, ions source temperature and photomultiplier power). The analytes selected for the study were 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2-octanone, octanal, 2-pentyl-furan, 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine, and 2-nonanone e nonanal. The factors pointed out as important on the robustness of the system were photomultiplier power for quantitative analysis and lower limit of mass scanning range for qualitative analysis.

Evaluation of Primary Resistance to HIV Entry Inhibitors Among Brazilian Patients Failing Reverse Transcriptase/Protease Inhibitors Treatment Reveal High Prevalence of Maraviroc Resistance-Related Mutations

Entry inhibitor is a new class of drugs that target the viral envelope protein. This region is variable; hence resistance to these drugs may be present before treatment. The aim of this study was to analyze the frequency of patients failing treatment with transcriptase reverse and protease inhibitors that would respond to the entry inhibitors Enfuvirtide, Maraviroc, and BMS-806. The study included 100 HIV-1 positive patients from one outpatient clinic in the city of Sao Paulo, for whom a genotype test was requested due to treatment failure. Proviral DNA was amplified and sequenced for regions of gp120 and gp41. A total of 80 could be sequenced and from those, 73 (91.3%), 5 (6.3%) and 2 (2.5%) were classified as subtype B, F, and recombinants (B/F and B/C), respectively. CXCR4 co-receptor use was predicted in 30% of the strains. Primary resistance to Enfuvirtide was found in 1.3%, following the AIDS Society consensus list, and 10% would be considered resistant if a broader criterion was used. Resistance to BMS-806 was higher; 6 (7.5%), and was associated to non-B strains. Strikingly, 27.5% of samples harbored one or more mutation among A316T, I323V, and S405A, which have been related to decreased susceptibility of Maraviroc; 15% of them among viruses predictive to be R5. A more common mutation was A316T, which was associated to the Brazilian B strain harboring the GWGR motif at the tip of V3 loop and their derivative sequences. These results may be impact guidelines for genotype testing and treatment in Brazil.

'Tetol': a stereo-rigid four-strand motif for alkali and alkaline earth metal ion coordination

The tetraalcohol 2,3,5,6-endo,endo,endo,endo-tetrakis(hydroxymethyl]bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane (tetol, 1) has been prepared and crystallises readily as the lithium(I) complex [Li(1)(2)]Cl, forming an oligomeric multi-chain structure in which pairs of alcohols from two crystallographically independent tetol molecules bind lithium ions tetrahedrally. However, formation of monomeric structures in solution is inferred from electrospray mass spectroscopy, which has also shown evidence of exchange of lithium ion in the complexed species by added alkaline earth ions. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.

Effect of honey types and concentration on starch gelatinization

The complex and variable composition of honey, depending on source, season and processing, means different honey samples could cause variation in the characteristics of the finished product. The objective of this study was to determine how the minor components present in honey affect starch gelatinization. A Rapid Visco Analyser was used to measure changes in viscosity when unmodified maize starch was gelatinized in a honey or model sugar solution. When honey was compared to equivalent blends of sugars, there was an increase in starch viscosity with increasing levels of addition. However, at the same level, honey gave a lower viscosity than the blends of sugars. Honeys from different sources (differing in pH and amylase activity) show a varied effect on starch gelatinization, with starch viscosity increasing with addition level for six of the honeys, but decreasing with increasing addition level for two honey samples. Varying the pH also produced variation in starch gelatinization patterns between honey types. Between pH 3.0 and 4.0, starch viscosity was similar for all four honey types studied, while above this pH there were differences between all honey types. As expected, starch viscosity decreased as the solution pH neared the optimum for honey amylase activity (pH 5.3-5.6), though it did not increase as the pH moved away from the honey amylase activity optimum. Differences between honey samples, and between honey and a model sugar mixture, in their effect on starch gelatinization was attributed to honey amylase activity and the composition and concentration of minor organic compounds present. Crown Copyright (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Swiss Society of Food Science and Technology